GIS APPLICATIONS IN EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING: NORTHWEST TURKEY

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GIS APPLICATIONS IN EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
NORTHWEST TURKEY
by Ali Sari
Dept. of Civil Engineering, University of Texas
at Austin
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Main Topics of the Project

• Seismicity of Turkey
• Seismotectonic of Turkey
• 1999 Turkey Earthquakes
• Seismic Hazard Analysis
• - Seismic Hazard Mapping (Input Energy,
  Spectral Acceleration)
• - Site Effects

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I. SEISMICITY OF TURKEY

• Historical and recent Earthquakes
• Epicenters
• Magnitudes or Intensities

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B.C. 550-A.D. 2001, Turkey and Adjacent Areas
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II. SEISMOTECTONIC OF TURKEY
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All Faults in Turkey
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NAF System in Northwest Turkey
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III. 1999 TURKEY EARTHQUAKES

• Kocaeli Earthquake, August 17, 1999
• Duzce Earthquake, November 12, 1999

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Kocaeli Earthquake, M7.4

• Caused death of more than 30,000 people
• and damaged 50,000 buildings
• One of the largest recent earthquakes on record
• to hit a modern industrialized area

Duzce Earthquake, M7.2

• Caused death of more than 1,000 people and
• damaged 2,000 buildings

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1999 Earthquakes and Damages
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Strong Ground Motion Stations
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IV. SEISMIC HAZARD ANALYSIS

• Spectral Acceleration (Sa), input Energy (Ai)
  for four different periods
• Beside ArcGIS software uthaz.for, uthazall.for,
  nehrp.for, fortran programs are used during
  analysis

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Algorithm for 0.3 sec. Sa with 5 Probability of
Exceedance in 50 Years
Characteristic Eq.
Turkey-pois-3hz.char.out
3hz5pcsa.out
Poisson distribution
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Period, 0.3 sec.
Spectral Acc.
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Seismic Hazard Maps for Sa (pga, 0.2, 0.3, 1 sec.)
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Airport, Istanbul
Sa, FmSa
T0.6 sec.
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IV. SEISMIC HAZARD ANALYSIS Including Soil Effect
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Algorithm for 0.3 sec. Sa with 5 Probability of
Exceedance in 50 Years including Site Effect
A3hz5pcsa.out
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Amplified
Spectral Acc.
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Seismic Hazard Maps for Sa (pga, 0.2, 0.3, 1 sec.)
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Airport, Istanbul
NewSa, FmNewSa
T0.6 sec.
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Conclusions

• Northwest region of Turkey has high seismicity
• NAF system causes severe earthquakes in this
  region
• Seismic hazard analysis shows that the Sa and Ai
  values for Istanbul are high with 5 probability
  of exceedance in 50 years
• Soft soil amplifies the Sa and Ai values.

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Acknowledges

• Dr. D. Maidment, Dr. L. Manuel (UT Austin)
• Mark Peterson (USGS, Colorado)
• Yesim Biro, M. Cem Ozbey (Kandilli Observatory,
  Turkey)