Title: ???? Foraging Ecology
1????Foraging Ecology
?5??????
- ?????????,????CC??????????????????2.5?????
2????
- ???????
- ??? Filtrales,??? (Mysticeti)
- ??? Raptoriales,??? (Odontoceti)
- ????
- ????
3????
- ????
- ichthyophagi ??
- teuthophagi ???
- sarcophagi ??(??)
- planktonophagi ?????????
4????
- ????
- ???????
- Mysticeti ???, ????, ??????(6090?,??gt90?)
- Odontoceti ??
- homodont?????????????
- monophyodont?????????
- single root (single socket)??????
5??????? ??(parameters)
- ??????
- ????????
- ??(Fringe)
- ?? or ??
- ??????
- ???????????????
6??????? ????
- ???
- ????? ????
- ?????,???????
- ??????,????????????,???????,????????
- ????
- ????? ????
- ?????,?????(??)?
- ?????,?????????????,??????????????
7??????? ????
- ????
- ??
- ??1/3??
- ?
- ???,???,200-400????,???????
- ??(Skim)???????????
8??????? ????
- ???(Rorquals)
- ??,?? ( ??? )
- ???,fringe????,???????
- ????(engulp)
- ???(pleat)???????????,
- ????????????????????,??????
9??????? ????
- ??
- ???
- 130-180 ?,2-25cm?(???),????
- ??(plough)??
- ?????
- ???????,????????,?????????,???????????
10??????? ????
- ???
- ?????
- ????,??20-60??,???
- ?????????,???,????
- ??????( )
0
4-14
11??????? ????
- ??? ??
- ????????,?????
- ???????????????
- ????1-2?,???,?????(ribbed palate),???????
12????????????????
13???????????
14??????? ????
- ?? ??? (Monodontidae)
- ??8-11 ?,??(16-22/16-18)
- ??????2??,??(0-2/0)
- ??????????????(tusk)
- ????,???????????????????
15??????? ????
- ???
- ??(spade-shaped)??
- ?13-28?,???????,????????
- ???????,??????,?????
- ????(??????)????
16??????? ????
- ???
- 24-60??,?????,????
- ????,???,????????
- ?????????
17????????? ??????
??????????
18 ??
???????????????
19?????????
- ????????????
- ??????
- ???????
- ?????
- ???? (?????)??
- ???????????????????????????????
20???? ????
- ???????????????
- ??????????????
- ??????????
- ????????????????
-
21???? ????
- Ex. ??????????,????????100
- ????????,??????????????
- Ex. ???? (????????????)????????????
- ??
- ?????????
- ???????,????,???????
22???? ?????
- ?????????,????????? ?????
- Ex. ?????????
- ???????????????????,??????????,????????
- ??????????? (??)
- ???????????? (??)
- ??????????? (??)
- ?????????????
23????
- ?????????? (periodical foraging)
- ??????
- ??????????
- ???????????????
- ??
- ???????(food availability)
- ????
- ????????????????,?????,?????
24Diet ????(Plankton)
- ??(Euphausiid)
- ???(Copepod)
- ??? (Amphipod)
- ??(Mysid)
-
25 ????????
????? ??(????????????????????????)???
???? ??(???,??)???
???? ??(???????)?????????(??)
???? ??(????????????????????????)???
???? ??????????
??? ???????(?????)???
?? ??(??????????????????????????)????(?????)?????????
26???? ??
- ??(skimming)
- ??????
- ????(modified skimming)
- ??
- ????(plowing behavior)
- ??1-5m??????
- ??(Gulping)
- ?????
27???? ??
- ?? (??????)
- Ex ??????
- ?????(Bubble-net feeding)
- 1-2?,??????,
- ?????????,????????
- ??????(Flick-feeding)
- ??????(Lunge-feeding)
28????? bubble-net feeding
- ?????????30??,????????????????????
- ?????????
- ??????????????
2
1
29???? ??
- ??????(Flick-feeding)
- ????????,?????????
- ??????(Lunge-feeding)
- 2????,??????,?????????
30???? ??
- ????,????
- ????(food herding)
- ?????,???????
- ?? ??(crisscrossing)??
- ????????
- ???
- ?????
- ???????
-
31???? ??
- ??(crisscrossing)??
- ?????????????????????????
- ???????????
32???? ??
- ????????
- ???????????????,
- ??????????????????,
- ?????????????,????????????????,????????????
33???? ??
- ??(Herding)
- ???????,?????
- ???????????????,??????????????????????????????????
?
34???? ??
- Youtube??
- ????
- http//www.youtube.com/watch?vKuVGbV5JAaM
- http//www.youtube.com/watch?v0GOb3nFpewM
- ????????
- http//www.youtube.com/watch?vp3xmqbNsRSk
- http//www.youtube.com/watch?vBweCsUIBDa8feature
fvsr
35????
?? ???? ??/??
Chris 73 ??????? http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FileA_piece_of_sperm_whale_skin_with_Giant_Squid_sucker_scars.JPG
MARINE WORLD umino-nakamichi, Fukuoka, Japan ??????? http//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/FileMesoplodon_stejnegeri_by_OpenCage.jpg
??????????
??????????
???????????????
J. Olson, NMFS/NOAA ???????http//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/FileHumpback-bubble-spiral_Olson.jpg
36????
?? ???? ??/??
Uwe Kils ???????http//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/FileMeganyctiphanes_norvegica.jpg
Uwe Kils ???????http//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/FileCopepodkils.jpg
Uwe Kils ???????http//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/FileHyperia.jpg
Evadb Edit by jjron. ???????http//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/FileWhales_Bubble_Net_Feeding-edit1.jpg
37????
- ????????????????????,????????
- ?????????????? http//ecology.lifescience.ntu.edu
.tw/index.htm - ?????????02-3366-2468
38E N D !