Cells and Heredity

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Chapter 3.2

• Cells and Heredity

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Bell Work 9/19/11

• Please get a new bell work sheet.
• Write Complete Sentences
• 1. What are you and every other living thing made
  of?
• 2. Where do cells come from?
• 3. How does a cell know how to function and
  reproduce?

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3.2 Vocabulary

• cell cycle (p.80) The normal sequence of
  growth, maintenance, and division in a cell.
• interphase (p.81) The period in the cell cycle
  in which a cell grows, maintains itself, and
  prepares for division.
• mitosis (p.81) The phase in the cell cycle
  during which the nucleus divides.
• cytokinesis (p.81) The division of a parent
  cells cytoplasm following mitosis.

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Interphase

1. Cell grows and carries out normal functions
   organelles duplicate.
2. DNA replicates
3. Loose strands of DNA in the cell
4. DNA wraps around proteins
5. DNA replicates in the nucleus
6. Cell grows and prepares for mitosis.

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Bell Work 9/20/11

• Consider the muscle tissue in your body. What
  ingredients and processes formed it? How did it
  become a muscle?

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prophase

• DNA continues to condense as it wraps around
  proteins.
• Strands of DNA condense to distinct chromosomes,
  each with two chromatids that are exact copies of
  each other.
• The nuclear membrane disappears.

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PROPHASE
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Metaphase

• Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell.

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METAPHASE
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Bell Work 9/21/11

• What are the three stages of the cell cycle?
• (please list them in order)
• What are the first two stages of mitosis?
• What is the name given to the cell that is
  preparing for cell division?
• What is the name given to the cells after cell
  division occurs?

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Anaphase

1. Chromosomes split into two separate chromatids.
2. Separated chromosomes pull to the opposite ends
   of the cell.

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ANAPHASE
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telophase

• New nuclear membranes form

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TELOPHASE
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cytokinesis

• Cell pinches and divides.

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CYTOKINESIS
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BELL WORK 9/22/11

• List and draw a small picture of all of the
  stages of the cell cycle in order, including all
  of the stages of Mitosis.

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Mitosis Model

• 1. Separate your paper into 6 separate sections.
• 2. Make a model for each stage of the cell cycle,
  refer to bell work or foldable/PP.
• 3. Use arrows or numbers to represent the correct
  order of the stages.
• 4. Make an acronym, song, or rap for the stages
  of the cell cycle.

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Bell Work 9/17/10

• Why do scientists make models? Write at least 3
  sentences explaining the importance of models and
  about the model you are making.

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Bell Work 9/23/11WRITE COMPLETE SENTENCES!!!

1. Describe how cells prepare for mitosis.
2. Explain what happens to cells after cytokinesis.

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Bell Work

• Write complete sentences!
• Identify and explain three ways multicellular
  organisms use cell division.

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Bell Work

• Write at least 3 sentences as to why we are using
  cells from the root of onion to observe the
  stages of mitosis.

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Bell Work 9/22 - Identify the stages of slides
6-10. Some slides may be in between stages.
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Bell Work 9/23/10

1. What is the function of chloroplast?
2. What is the function of a cell wall?
3. What is the function of mitochondria?

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Bell Work Fill in the blanks

• The smallest unit that can perform the basic
  activities of life is _______
• Van Leeuwenhoek was one of the first people to
  see live cells by using a ______
• A plant cell organelle that uses energy from
  sunlight to make sugar is called a ________
• Almost all multicellular organisms on Earth
  belong to the domain ________

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Vocabulary 3.3

• Asexual reproduction the process by which a
  single organism produces offspring that have the
  same genetic material
• Binary fission a form of asexual reproduction
  by which some single-celled organisms reproduce.
  Prokaryotes such as bacteria reproduce by binary
  fission
• Regeneration in some organisms, the process by
  which certain cells produce new tissue growth at
  the site of a wound or lost limb also a form of
  asexual reproduction

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Cells 3.3 Vocab

• Asexual reproduction the process by which a
  single organism produces offspring that have the
  same genetic material

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Types of Asexual Reproduction

• Binary fission
• occurs in prokaryotes
• parent organism splits in two
• Example bacteria

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Budding

• both unicellular and multicellular organisms
• Organism develops tiny buds on its body that
  contain parents DNA
• The bud grows until it forms a complete or nearly
  complete organism genetically identical to the
  parent and then breaks off from the parent
• Example - Hydras

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Regeneration

• Occurs in starfish and plants
• Part of the organism is cut off and another
  organism is reproduced
• Example Starfish, Newts, Salamanders,

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Bell Work 9-21-09

1. How many parents does asexual reproduction
   involve?
2. What is binary fission?

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Bell Work 9/27/10

• Please get a new purple bell work sheet.
• List the 3 types of asexual reproduction and give
  an example of each.

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Bell Work 9/29/10

• Explain the similarities and differences between
  asexual and sexual reproduction. Write at least
  3 sentences.
• After completing the bell work please get out
  your study guide and review for the test

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Bell Work 9/24/09

• List the 3 things cell division is involved in
  and explain each.