The Muscular System

1
The Muscular System

• Anatomy and Physiology Flash Cards

2
Directions

• The first slide asks a question.
• The second slide answers the question.
• Use these slides like flash cards to test your
  core knowledge.

3
Question

• Name the three types of muscle tissue and their
  classifications.

4
Answer

1. Skeletal muscle striated and voluntary
2. Cardiac muscle striated and involuntary
3. Smooth muscle non-striated and involuntary

5
Question

• What are the dark bands in cardiac muscle tissue
  called?

6
Answer

• Intercalated disks

7
Question

• What is the origin of a muscle?

8
Answer

• The muscle attachment to a stationary bone.

9
Question

• The attachment to a moveable bone is called the
  ______.

10
Answer

• Insertion

11
Question

• What do tendons do?

12
Answer

• Tendons connect muscle to bone.

13
Question

• The microscopic structure of a muscle consists of
  specialized contractile cells called muscle
  fibers. Each muscle fiber is filled with two
  structures called thick and thin myofilaments.
  What are the names for the thick and thin
  myofilaments?

14
Answer

• Thickmyosin
• Thinactin

15
Question

• What is a sarcomere?

16
Answer

• The contractile unit of a skeletal muscle.

17
Question

• Explain the sliding filament theory.

18
Answer

• During contraction, the actin and myosin in a
  muscle fiber attach to each other by forming
  bridges acting as levers to pull the myofilaments
  past each other. Calcium must be present.

19
Question

• What does adenosine triphosphate (ATP) do?

20
Answer

• It provides energy for muscle cells.

21
Question

• What are the functions of skeletal muscle?

22
Answer

• Movement
• Posture or muscle tone
• Heat Production

23
Question

• In providing movement, skeletal muscle have prime
  movers (agonists), synergists, and antagonists.
  Please define.

24
Answer

1. Prime movers (agonists) carries out the action.
2. Synergists supports the prime mover.
3. Antagonists muscles with actions opposite of
   those of the prime movers.

25
Question

• We can maintain an upright position during
  standing, sitting, etc., because of a specialized
  skeletal muscle contraction called ______.

26
Answer

• Tonic contraction

27
Question

• What is a motor unit?

28
Answer

• A single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle
  cells it innervates.

29
Question

• The minimal level of stimulation required to
  cause a fiber to contract is called the ______.

30
Answer

• Threshold stimulus

31
Question

• What is muscle wasting?

32
Answer

• Atrophy

33
Question

• Looking at a cross section of a muscle belly,
  many cylindrical structures called fascicles can
  be seen. Fascicles are bundles of ______.

34
Answer

• Muscle fibers

35
Question

• Once stimulated by a threshold stimulus, a muscle
  fiber will contract completely. This response is
  called ______.

36
Answer

• All or none