but

1
??????????????????????????????

• 4?
• ?? ?

2
???????(???)

• ??????????????
• ???????????
• ???????????!!
• but
• ???????????????????????????

3
???????(???)

• ?????????????????????????????(?????)???????
• ???(???)
• ???? (????external shear)
• ????????

4
??????(??)

• ????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??????????????
• ????????????!?
• ????????external shear??SIE???
• (?????????????????)

5
?????????????(strong lensing)

• ????1??????(QSO,??)?
• ??????????????????
• ?????????
• ????????????????????????
• ??????????????????????????
• ???????
• ?point mass, SIS, SIE, external shear

6
SIE???(cusp?fold??????source)
7
Dec
SIE????????????
imA
imB
imC
G
T_2()
RA
imD
1
imA
imB
imC
f
ß_1 source position ß_2(QSO??????) f
??(?????)??? ?_0 ?????????? f_g??????????? ?_0
external shear??? f_sshear???
???? ????????????(-??,??)
F_g
F_s
?_1()
G
imD
(?????)
?_0
????7??????????????image????flux????????????????
8
??????????????

• ?2???????
• ?
• ?????????????????????????
• ???!
• ????(????-??????)?????????????????????
• ?
• ???????????????!(?????????????)

9
???????

• ?RXJ1131-1231 (z_s0.658,z_d0.295)
• ?PG1115080 (z_s1.72,z_d0.31)

10
??(RXJ1131-1231)

• ????????????????(?2/?5.12)
• f0.64,?_01.83(?),f_g125(),?_00.12,f_s250(),
  
• (ß_1,ß_2)(-0.50,-0.09)(?)
• ??????

11
??(PG1115080)

• ????????????????(?2/?7.54)
• f0.46,?_01.23(?),f_g70(),?_00.075,f_s340(),
  
• (ß_1,ß_2)(0.01,0.23)(?)
• ??????

12
??????????????

• ????????????????????????(???????10??)
• ?????SISltltSIEltltexternal shear??SIE
• ????????????????????????(??????d????1020)
• ?????????????????????
• ????????????????????????????????
• ?!????????????????
• ????????????????????????????????????
• ???????????????????

13
??????????

• ??????external shear??????!
• ?RXJ1131-1231
• ?_00.12,f_s250
• ?160or 340????shear????????(??)??????
• ?????
• ???3,4??????
• ??????????
• ????

160??
30arcsec
(2006ApJ64685W, Williams et al)
14
???????????

• SIE?????????_0????????!
• SIE??_0???
• ????????????? SIE????????
• ?
• D ???? r/(1z)
• ???D_d,D_s,D_ds??????????????_0??

??????????????????
?_0???????????
?????
????
15
???????????

• ??????????????????(?????)???????????????M/L?(?
  ??)?????????????
• ?????????????!

?????????????????D_d?_08.06(kpc)
?????????????????D_d?_05.60(kpc)
16
??????????

• ??????????M(?_0)????L??????
• ? ?????M/L????
• ??????M/L?????????????????
• (????????????????)
• strong lens????????????????????????????????????
  ????????????????!
• ????????????????????????????????

17
??????????

• ???????????????????????????????????????????
• ?!
• ?????????????(JWST,TMT,100m??????)strong
  lens???????
• ?????????????????????

18
Reference cooperation

• Kormann,R. , Schneider,P. , Bartelmann,M.
  AA1994286357K A gravitational lens model for
  B1422231
• Kormann,R. , Schneider,P. , Bartelmann,M.
  AA1994284285K Isothermal elliptical
  gravitatoinal lens model
• Ramesh Narayan Lectures on Gravitational
  Lensing
• Press,W.H. , Flannery,B.P. Numerical Recipes in
  C
• http//www.cfa.harvard.edu/glensdata/ (???QSO???)
• Iwamuro et al 2000PASJ52251 Infrared
  Imaging of the Gravitational Lens PG1115080 with
  the Subaru Telescope (PG1115080?????)
• Williams,K.A. et al 2006ApJ64685W First
  Results from a Photometric Survey of Strong
  Gravitational Lens Environments
• M/L ratio data from ????(GALAXEV)
• Discussion with ????????(?????????????)?????????
  ???