Middle Kingdom/ Ethnocentrism

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Middle Kingdom/ Ethnocentrism

• Mountains Deserts in the north west Pacific
  in the east isolated China from outsiders
• Ethnocentrism-China was the center of the world
• All foreigners were Barbarians
• Lacked interest in foreign cultures

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Confucianism
Founded by Confucius 6th Century B.C.

• Texts Analects/ writings of Confucius
• Filial Piety Respect for elders
• 5 relationships Father/son, Ruler/subject,
  husband/wife, older brother/ younger brother,
  friend/friend

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Taoism
Founded by Lao-tzu 3rd century BC

• Tao- The Way of the universe
• Live in Harmony with nature
• Balance between Ying Yang
• Rejected government

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Legalism

• Highly powerful government is the key to social
  order
• Punishment for offenses should be severe

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Buddhism
Siddartha Gautama 5th Century BC

• Eightfold Path, ethical behavior good deeds
  (Meditation)
• Ultimate goal is Nirvana

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Dynastic Cycles

• Rise, decline, and replacement of dynasties
• Mandate of Heaven- Rule by divine right.

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Han Dynasty

• 210BC-220 AD
• Legalism/confucianism
• Centralized government
• Civil Service Exam

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Chin Dynasty

• 221BC-210BC
• Legalism/ unified China
• Shi Huangdi
• Burned rival books/regulated coinage
• Unified Great Wall of China

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Tang Dynasty

• 618-907 AD
• Revived Confucianism
• Expanded Trade (Silk Road) connected china to the
  Middle East

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