Classifying Ornamental Plants

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Classifying Ornamental Plants
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At the completion of this unit students will be
able to

• A. Describe the system used for naming and
  classifying plants.
• B. Identify the major groups of plants.
• C. Describe the differences between annuals,
  biennials, and perennials.

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Interest Approach

• On a piece of paper list as many plants as you
  can in two minutes.
• Monocots or Dicots?
• Deciduous or Evergreen?
• Annual or Perennial?
• Fern, Angiosperm, Gymniosperm

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Classifying Ornamental Plants

• Why do we need this?
• It clearly identifies plants
• Universal System

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What is a Plant?
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A. Define Plant Classification

• Plants are classified based on the similarities
  of their characteristics.
• Plant taxonomists compare flowering patterns,
  stem and leaf structures, life cycles, genetic
  similarities, and many other characteristics in
  deciding which plants are the most closely
  related.
• Taxonomists use categories to group the plants.

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A. Define Plant Classification

• The categories, from general to specific, are
• A. Domain

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A. Define Plant Classification

• The categories, from general to specific, are
• A.Domain
• B. Kingdom
• C. Phylum
• D. Class
• E. Order
• F. Family
• G. Genus
• H. Species

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A. Define Plant Classification
D K P C O F G S

• D- Dont
• K Kings
• P Play
• C Chess
• O On
• F Finely
• G Grained
• S Sand

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3 Domain System
Bacteria
Eukaryotes
Archea
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True Bacteria or Eubacteria
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Archaea

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Protista
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Fungi
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Plantae
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Animalia
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Carolus Linnaeus

• Father of Botany
• Created Binomial System

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Writing and Pronouncing Botanical Names

• Scientific Name
• Botanical Name
• Binomial Name
• They are all the same

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Botanical Name

• Plant names must have at least two parts.
• Example Tagetes patula
• Tagetes is the genus
• patula is specific epithet
• When combined they form the species

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• For ease of understanding,
• Genus last name (related individuals)
• Specific epithet first name (single type)
• Warnick chad
• What is your Bontanical Name?

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Variety

• Natural occurring mutation or offspring that is
  significantly different from the parent.
• Example white flowers instead of the pink

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Cultivar

• A manmade variety.
• Hence, the name, which is short for
• cultivated variety

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Writing and Pronouncing Botanical Names

• Genus is always capitalized.
• Specific epithet begins with a lowercase.
• Both are italicized
• Variety name follows not italicized and may be
  lised as v. or var.
• cv. can follows same format as variety

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• Common Name English Ivy
• Scientific Name Hedra helix

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B. Identify the major groups of plants.

• The plant kingdom has become successful all over
  the Earth.
• They have done so by adapting to a wide variety
  of different conditions and niches. The following
  are some of the major groups of plants.

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Bryophytes

• Plants which are classified in the Phylum
  Bryophyta.
• These are non-vascular plants such as mosses and
  liverworts.
• They tend to live in damp places and are very
  limited in size due to the lack of conducting
  tissue.
• All higher plants are in the Phylum Tracheophyta.

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Ferns

• Vascular plants which reproduce by spores.
• Ferns have no true leaves but have fronds which
  have a double purpose of food production and
  spore formation.

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Gymnosperms

• Plants which reproduce with seeds that lay naked
  on scales.
• Most gymnosperms reproduce using a structure
  called a cone.
• Any gymnosperm which reproduces by cone is
  called a conifer.
• Examples include pines, spruces, and cedars.

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Gymnosperms

• Conifers leaves are specialized to be either
  needles or scales.
• Most conifers are evergreen, holding their
  leaves all year round. But some are deciduous,
  dropping their leaves in the winter.

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Angiosperms

• Are seed plants whose seeds develop within a
  fruiting body.
• Angiosperms all reproduce by flowers, although
  many flowers are very small and not showy.
• So if any plant has flowers, it is in the
  Angiosperm group.
• There are two types of Angiosperm.
• -Monocots
• -Dicots

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Crop Plants

• Monocots and Dicots

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D. Recognize ways to Classify plants

• Monocots and Dicots
• Monocots
• 1 cotyledon in a seed
• Leaves with parallel veins
• Vascular bundles scattered throughout
• Root System composed of many fibrous roots with
  many hairs
• Flower parts in 3s

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Monocots

• 1 cotyledon in a seed

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Monocots

• Leaves with parallel veins

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Monocots

• Vascular bundles scattered throughout

Cross section of Asparagus
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Monocots

• Root System composed of many fibrous roots with
  many hairs

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Monocots

• Flower parts in 3s

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D. Recognize ways to Classify plants

• Dicots
• 2 cotyledons in each seed
• Leaves with network of veins
• Vascular bundles form ring outside of stem
• Root system composed of primary tap root and many
  hairs
• Flowers in 4s or 5s

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Dicots

• 2 cotyledons in each seed

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Dicots

• Leaves with network of veins

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Dicots

• Vascular bundles form ring outside of stem

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Dicots

• Root system composed of primary tap root and many
  hairs

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Dicots

• Flowers in 4s or 5s

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D. Recognize ways to Classify plants

• Annuals complete life cycle in one season

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Life Cycles

• Annuals

complete life cycle in one season
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D. Recognize ways to Classify plants

• Biennials
• Complete life cycle occurs over two growing
  seasons

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Life Cycles

• Biennials

• Complete life cycle occurs over two growing
  seasons

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D. Recognize ways to Classify plants

• Perennials
• Live year after year

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Life Cycles

• Perennials

• Live year after year

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Living Necklaces