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Title: Wavelets and filterbanks Author: Alexey Lukin Last modified by: Alexey Lukin Created Date: 1/1/1601 12:00:00 AM Document presentation format – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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1
???????? ? ???????????? ??????? ??????
23.10.2009
????? ????????,??????????????
??????? ????? lukin_at_graphics.cs.msu.ru
2
????
  • ????? ????????, ?????????? ?? STFT
  • ????????????????? ?????????? ?????
  • ???????? ??????????
  • ?????????? ????????? mp3
  • ?????????? ???????????? ?????
  • ????? ????????????? ?????????
  • STFT ??? ???? ????????, ????????? ?????
  • ???????? ???????????? ????
  • ????????-????????? ??????????
  • ????????
  • ?????????? ???? ?? ????????????
  • ?????????????? ????????????

3
????? 1????? ???????? ? ?? ??????????
4
????? ????????, ?????????? ?? STFT
  • ?????????????
  • ?????? ??????????? ????????? ?? ??????? ? ??
    ???????, ?????????? ????????? ??????? ?? ???????
  • ???????????? ?????? Short Time Fourier Transform
    (STFT)

5
????? ????????, ?????????? ?? STFT
  • ????????-????????? ??????????
  • ??????????? ????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ? ??
    ???????, ?????????? ?????????????
  • ??? STFT ???????????? ?????? ???????? ???? (?
    ?????, ???????, ???????? ? ????? DFT ?? ???????)
  • ??????????? ????????????????? ?????????? ??
    ??????? ??????? ??????????????? ?????????? ??
    ???????

6 ms
12 ms
24 ms
48 ms
96 ms
?????? ????
6
????? ????????
  • ????? ???????? ??????????????, ???????????
    ?????? ?? ????????? ????????? ????? ?
    ???????????? ????????? ???????
  • ?????? ?????????? ???????-??????????????
  • ????????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????????????,
    ????????????

7
????? ????????
  • ??????????
  • ?????????? ????????? ??????? ? ?????? ?????????
    ???????
  • ?????????? ???????? ? ??????????? ???????????? ?
    ?????? ????????? ???????
  • ?????? ????? ????????, ??????????? ?? STFT
  • ???????????? STFT ? ????? ???? (Hann), ? ?
    ??????????? ????? ?????? 75
  • ?????? ???????? DFT ?? ??????? ?????, ??????????
    ??????? ???? ???? ? ???????? ???? ? ??????????
    (OLA)
  • ????????
  • ?????? ??????????????
  • ??????? ????????????

8
???????? ??????????
  • ?????????? ????? ??????????
  • ??? ????????? ?????? ? ???????? ????? ?
    ??????????? ???????? ??????

9
???????? ??????????
  • ??????? ????? (masker) ????????? ????? ??????
    (maskee)
  • ????????????? ??????????
  • ????????? ?????????? (?????? ? ????????)

10
???????? ??????????
  • ?????????? ??????, ?????? ? ????? ?????
    ??????????
  • ??? ??????????? ?????????? ????????????????
    ?????? ??????????

11
???????? mp3
  • ??????????? ??????????? ? ????????

????????????????? ??????
FFT
mp3-????
???? ????????
Q
Huffman
xn
????? ?????? mp3
12
????-???
  • Pre-echo (pre-ringing)

???????? ?????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ?? ???
????? ????
13
????-???
  • ???????????? ??????? ???? ? ????? ????????

14
??????????????
  • ?????????? ???

??? ?????????????? ????????????, ?.?. ??
?????????? ?? ??????? (??????? ????????, ??????)
????? ????????????? ?????????
15
???????????? ????
  • ????? ??????? ??????????
  • ??????????????, ????????? ???????????? ???????
    (energy compaction)
  • ??????????? ????????????? ??????????????
    (?????????? ?????????????, ??????????????? ????)
  • ???????? ?????????????? (??????????????
    ?????????? ???????)

16
???????????? ?????????
Spectral Subtraction, Short-Time Spectral
Attenuation
  • ???????????? ????????? ??? ?????????????
  • STFT
  • ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ?????????
    ???????
  • ????????? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ???????
  • ???????? STFT

????? ????????? ????????????? ?????????
17
???????????? ?????????
  • ?????????? ? ????? ????????
  • ?????? (??? ????? ??????) ??????????????
  • ?????????? ??????? ????????? (??????????, ????)
  • ??????? ????????? ???????????
  • ?? ????????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????????

???????? ???? ????????, ?????????? ?? STFT
18
??????????????
  • ????????????? ?????????????

???? (gate) ??????????, ??????????? ?????
??????? (??????? ???????????? ??? ?????????)
?????? ???????????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????
? ?????? ????????? ??????
19
???????????? ?????????
  • ??????????? ??????
  • ????? ???????????? ??????? ?? ???? ? ????? ?????
    ????????? ???? ? ????????
  • ?????? ??? ??????? ????????????
  • ????? ???????????? (attack/release time)
  • ??????????? ??????? ??????????

?????? ??????????
????? G ??????????? ????????, W
?????? ????????? ????, X ?????????
???????.
20
??????????????
  • ??? ??????? ? ??? ?????? ???? ???????
  • ?????? ??????? ?????? ????

???????????? ????????
????? ?????????????
21
??????????????
  • ????? ????????????? ????????? ??????????
  • ???????? ????????????? ???????? ???????
    ???????? ??????????? ??? (musical noise)

??????????? ???
????? ?????????????
22
??????????????
  • ??????????? ??? ?????? ??????
  • ????????? ?????? (?????????? ?????? ??????
    ???????)
  • ??????????? G(f, t) ????? (????? ??????????? ???
    ???????????? ???????????? ?????)
  • ?????????? ??????? ???????????? ?????? (???
    ??????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ???
    ? ??????????? ????? ? ???????)
  • ??????????? G(f, t) ?? ??????? ?/??? ?? ???????

??????????? ??????
??????? ??????. ?????????
??????????? ?? ???????
23
???????????? ?????????
  • ??????? ?????????????? ????????-??????????
    ??????????
  • ?????? ?????? (???????? ???????????)
  • ????????????? ????????? ??????????

??????????? ??????
?????? ???? 50 ??
?????????? ??????????
24
??????? ????????
  • ???????? ??? ????????? ? ???????????????? ?????
    ?a,b(t) (???????? ????????) ????????? ??????
    ?????????? ????????????? ??????? ?(t)
    (???????????? ????????)
  • ???????????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ???????
    ??????? ? ????????? ????????? ? ???
    ??????????/??????? ??????? ? ?????????? ?
    ????????? ????????

25
??????? ????????
  • ?????? ????????????? ??????? ?? ?(t)
  • ???????????????
  • ??????? ???????, ??????????
  • ??????? ??????? (vanishing moments)

26
??????? ????????
  • ??????? ?????????

Mortlet
Meyer
Mexican hat
27
??????????? ???????-?????????????? (CWT)
  • ????????? ???????????? ??????????? ??????? f(t) ?
    ?????????? ?a,b(t)

28
?????????? ???????-?????????????? (DWT)
  • ???????????? ???? ????????????? ?????? ???????? ?
    ??????????????? ? 2 ????
  • ??????????? ?????????? ??????????????
    ??????????????
  • ?????????? ???????
  • ?????????????????? ?????
  • ???????????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????
  • ?????????? ????????-??????? (??-??????),
    ????????????? ????????

29
?????????????? ?????
  • ?????????? ?????? ???????-??????????????
  • ??? ??????? ?????? xn
  • ???????? ?? ???? ?????????????????? ???????? ?
    ?????????????
  • ????? ??????, ??? ?????? xn ????? ????????????
  • ????? ??????????? ????????? ?? ?????
    ?????????????????? ???????? ???

30
?????????????? ?????
  • ?????????? ????????????
  • ???????? ?????????? ?????????????????? ? 2 ????
  • ????? ??????, ??? ?????????? ????????
    ??????????????

(???????????? ??????)
(??????????)
(????????????)
31
?????????? ???????-??????????????
  • ????????? ?????????????? ?????
  • ???????? ??????? ?????????????? (PR)
  • ?????????? ?????????? ?? ??????????.
  • ????? ????? ??????? ???????, ??????????????
    ?????? ??????????????.

32
????????????? ?????????????
  • ?????????? ???????-?????????? ??? ??-?????????????

?????????? ??????
????????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????
????????? ???????- ?????????????? ?? ?????? ????
???????? 4 ?????? ????????????? ??
(????????) ? ?? (??????????????)
33
????? ????????
  • ??? ????? ???????? ????????? ????????-?????????
    ??????????

34
????? 2?????????? ???? ?? ????????????
35
???? ? ??????? ?????
AWGN
Salt and pepper
????
????????????
??????????
?????????
Salt and pepper ?????? ? ?????
?????????? ????? ????? ??????
??? ?????? ? ?????
????? ??? ??????? ????????, ?? ??????????????
???? ? ??????. ???????/???????????/???????????
??? ????? ????????????? ????????
????????. ?????????? ??? ???????????? ?
??????? ??????????? ? ?? ??????? ?? ????.
36
?????? ??????????????
AWGN
Salt and pepper
????
????????????
??????????
?????????
????????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ????????
???????
Bilateral filter Non-Local Means Wavelet
thresholding DCT, PCA, ICA ????????????
???????? ???????? BM3D
???????? ??????? ??????????????? ??????
37
?????????? ??????
  • ?????????? ??????
  • ???????? ??????????? ?????? ? ????? ?????????
    ??????
  • ???????? ? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????
    ??????
  • ????????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????
    ?????????? ???, ?? ??????? ?????? ??????

38
Bilateral filter
  • ?????????? ?????????
  • Bilateral filter
  • ?????????? ??????????
  • ????????
  • ? ??????

??????????????? ????????
???????????????? ????????
39
Bilateral filter
  • Bilateral filter ?????????????? ??????????

(??? ??????? ??????? ????????)
40
Non-Local Means
  • ?????????? ?????????
  • Non-local means (NL-means) ???? ??????? ??
    ???????? ????? ??????, ? ?? ????????? ????????

?(xi,j) ???? ?????? ??????? xi,j
41
Non-Local Means
  • ?????????? ?????
  • ???????? ????????? ???????? ??????????? ?????,
    ??? bilateral filter

???? ?????? ??? q1 ? q2, ?? ?? ??? q3
??????????? ?? Buades et al 2005

42
Non-Local Means
  • ??????????? ? ??????????
  • ??????? ???????? ??????????????? ???????????
  • ? ???????? ???????? ????? ???????
    ?????????????? ?????????
  • ?????????? ?????? ???????????
  • ????????????? ?????? MMX/SSE ??? ????????? ??????
  • ????????? ??????????? ?? ????? ? ?????????? ?????
    ??????, ? ?? ????????? ????????
  • ????????????? ??????? ????? ??????????? ?????? ?
    ??????????? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ??????



43
Non-Local Means
  • ?????????? ? ?????
  • ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????????? ?? ????????
    ????? (??????? ?? ???????????????-?????????)
  • ??? ????????? ???????? ????? ????????? ?????????
    ?????? ?????? ?? Y-?????? ? ???????? ?????? YCrCb
    (YUV)

44
?????????? ?????
  • ?????????? ?????????????? ??? ???????????
  • DWT
  • ?????? ?????? ? ??????? ????
  • ?????????? ???????-????????????? (thresholding,
    shrinkage)
  • ???????? DWT


?????????? ???? ?????????? ????????
?????????? ?????????????? ? ?????? ??????
??????????? ??????? ??? ????????? ??????

45
?????????????? ????????????
  • ?????????? ????????????? ??????? WAV ? BMP
  • ?????????????? BMP (brush tool)
  • ?????? ????? ??????? BMP ? WAV
  • ??? ???? ? ??????? ?????????????
  • ???????? ? ????????? ????
  • ?????????? ?? 256 ???????? ??? ???????????
    ??????????
  • ????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ? ????????? ????
  • ??????? ????????? Photosounder
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