Using the computer in your research

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Using the computer in your research
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• Applied English 4
• Group 5
• 9310002A Joshua 9310020A Zoe
• 9310009A Jessie 9310029A Shelly
• 9310012A Daniel 9310033A Peter

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5a computers and the research paper

• Before Typewriter
• Now Word
• For example word, excel, PowerPoint.

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Computer Changed

• In some quarters, computer have done away with
  note cards.
• In some school, by e-mail to traditional
  submission of hard copy.
• To whole laborious businesses of research, they
  offer to full-text databases.

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5b The Internet

• The Internet a system of computers connected by
  a common protocol.
• The World Wide Web is part of Internet.

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Connected Internet tools

• Slow connections
• Modem
• Telephone Line
• Fast connection
• High-speed cable
• DSL (digital subscriber line)

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Internet changed explosively

• In 1969, 4 host.
• In 1996 there were more than
• 13 million.
• In 2002, the Internet have more than 800 million
  users worldwide.

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Some Internet terms

• FTP File transfer protocol in Internet
• HTML it's a computer language to create website

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• HTTP its a protocol rule of website
• ISP it is a company to offer users to connection
  Internet
• Ex Hinet, Seednet
• URL its address on the Internet

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Understanding Internet Addresses

• An Internet address or URL consists of three
  parts
• 1. Protocol
• 2. Name of the host
• 3. Document path

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Example

• Protocol Name of the host document path
• http//tw.yahoo.com/news

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5C Online resources

• Databases
• Electronic journals
• Online public-access catalogs

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Databases

• Its a collection of data that is organized and
  stored electronically for easy retrieval.
• Attractive feature - it can be searched in a
  variety of ways, usually by keyword, author or
  title.

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• Expanded Academic ASAP
• 1,204 periodicals
• 685 of them in full text

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Electronic journals

• They are scholarly journals or magazines that can
  be accessed via electronic transmission.

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• They are serial publications that can be accessed
  by a computer through the World Wide Web or via
  FTP, gopher, telnet, e-mail, or listserv.

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• Some electronic journals are online-only
  journals some are online versions of printed
  journals.
• The occasional drawback-limited search function.

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Online public-access catalog (OPACs)

• Its a computerized online catalog of the
  materials held in a library or library system.
• Its an important tool in helping users.

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Online Computer Library Center (OCLC)

• Nonprofit
• Membership
• Computer library service
• Research organization

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5D Researching with search engines

• Search engine a tool that using specific words
  via your topic to search the Web.
• Most common used search engines Yahoo!, Google,
  Alta Vista.

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Boolean logic

• And engine looks for sources in both two terms
  you find.
• Or engine looks for two or more terms.
• Not engine exclude the particular term from what
  you find.

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Finding a search engine

• For searching other, more specified engines for
  more sources.

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Educational search engines

• The search engines for nonprofit organizations-
  libraries, schools, government agencies. They
  usually reserve about scholarly sources.

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Useful search engines

• Manual search directories and subcategories
  which have been compiled human.
• Robotic like a spider, software crawl the Web
  and scan the untold number of pages.
• Metasearch searches and compiles the top
  listings of other search engines.

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• Example
• Manual Yahoo!
• Robotic Google
• Metasearch Metacrawler

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Usenet, listserv, telnet, and gopher
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• ? Internet World Wide Web.
• ? useful for the typical researcher.
• ? Other parts of Internet
• ? Usenet, listserv, telnet, and gopher.

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5e-1 Usenet (User Network)

• Created in 1979
• Electronic bulletin boards
• Posting a question or message to anyone else with
  a computer
• Separate bulletin boards
• ? discussion forums or newsgroups

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• Deja. Com (an Internet Company) acquired the
  systematic process
• ? saving and indexing themes of discussions.
  (1995)
• Google continued to refine the categories
• ?making them more accessible. (2001)

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Main Categories in the Usenet

• alt ? unmoderated newsgroups
• biz ? business, economy
• comp ? computer
• misc ? discussions that match no other category
• news ? usenet-specific

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Cont.

• rec ? recreation
• sci ? science
• soc ? society-related
• talk ? controversial discussions about politics
  and others

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Cont.

• k12 ? education for students and
  teachers
• Bionet ? biology-research
• bit.listserv  ? newsgroups from
  bitnet-mailinglists
• Clari ? commercial stories
• clarinet ? commercial news service
• gnu ? GNU-related discussions of the
  Free Software Foundation
  (FSF)

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Its different from the Web ( advantages of
Usenet)

• Presenting information in an e-mail format
• Without graphics (pictures) and sound
• Its a goldmine of information, especially on
  rare or esoteric topic.
• grappling with difficult topic and could ask for
  help

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Cont.

• Has its own vocabulary
• A must for beginner are the FAQs(frequently asked
  questions)
• Easily to find the typical questions that
  newcomers ask
• FAQs also could help you with your netiquette

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5e-2 Listservs

• A software which manages the mailing lists of
  discussion groups

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• Listserv service likens to show on which
  exchanges are done entirely by e-mail
• for students, other sources are more useful than
  listserv.
• http//tile.net/lists
• http//tile.net/
• http//www.lsoft.com/lists/listref.html

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5e-3 Telnet and gopher

• Telnet? a protocol for connecting computers on
  the Internet
• Gopher? an old-fashioned system of searching the
  Internet.

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Now lets see how to use them
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