Writing Instructional Objectives

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Writing Instructional Objectives

• Guidelines for Effective Lesson Planning

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Writing Instructional ObjectivesConclusion

• Instructional objectives guide the remaining
  steps in planning a lesson.
• No lesson can be effective without effective
  instructional objectives
• A lesson without effective objectives is like a
  trip without a destination

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• Instructional objectives are specific,
  measurable, short-term, observable student
  behaviors.
• The purpose of objectives is not to restrict
  spontaneity or constrain the vision of education
  in the discipline
• but to ensure that learning is focused clearly
  enough that both students and teacher know what
  is going on, and so learning can be objectively
  measured.

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Instructional Goals

• Before beginning to write your instructional
  objective(s), you must know what the finished
  product will look like
• (what knowledge, skills and abilities will the
  students have at the end of the lesson)

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Instructional Goals

• A team of teachers is required to reach the end
  goal.
• We must communicate with each other so learning
  transitions and transfers from year to year and
  is not just repeated

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Instructional Goals

• Begin by identifying the part of the goal to be
  achieved in the lesson you are teaching.

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Standards

• The state standards are a good place to start.

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Task Analysis

• Consider this educational goal.

• Students will be able to write a complete
  sentence.

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Task Analysis

• What must a student be able to do to complete
  this task?

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Writing Instructional Objectives

• Think about what a student who achieved the
  objective would look like.
• http//www.uwstout.edu/soe/profdev/images/sentence
  s.gif

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Writing Instructional Objectives

• Now think about what the weakest students in your
  class can do.

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Writing Instructional Objectives

• Now you should have an idea of the learning tasks
  to establish for your students.

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Guidelines for Instructional Objectives

• Example
• Understands the requirements for a complete
  sentence
• States the rule for writing a complete sentence
• Identifies examples of complete and incomplete
  sentences
• Identifies statements that express a complete
  thought
• Writes complete sentences

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Writing Instructional Objectives

• As you write instructional objectives, you should
  remember the following

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Guidelines for Instructional Objectives

• Instructional objectives guide the use of
  instructional activities

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Guidelines for Instructional Objectives

• Instructional objectives guide the selection of
  instructional resources
• Not Vice Versa

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Guidelines for Instructional Objectives

• Instructional objectives focus on learning
  outcomes for students,
• NOT actions by the teacher

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Guidelines for Instructional Objectives

• Instructional objectives are stated in terms of
  observable student outcomes.

• Students will understand the law of supply and
  demand. is not a statement of an observable
  outcome.

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Guidelines for Instructional Objectives

• Instructional objectives determine assessment and
  evaluation.

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Choosing Appropriate Instructional Objectives

• Which of these two statements is more appropriate
  as an instructional objective?

• Students will be shown the steps for solving a
  word problem.
• Students will be able to identify the steps in
  solving a word problem.

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Choosing Appropriate Instructional Objectives

• The first statement identifies what the teacher
  will do, not what the learning outcomes for
  students will be.
• Therefore, the second statement is the more
  appropriate statement of an instructional
  objective.

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Choosing Appropriate Instructional Objectives

• Your unit examination requires students to pick
  out groups of words that express a complete
  thought.
• Which of the following is an appropriate
  instructional objective for the unit?

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Choosing Appropriate Instructional Objectives

• A) Students will be able to write a complete
  sentence.

• B) Students will be able to identify statements
  that express a complete thought.

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Choosing Appropriate Instructional Objectives

• B is the appropriate instructional objective for
  the examination item identified. Statement A
  requires a different level of development and a
  different form of evaluation.

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Instructional Objectives Summary

• Start the process of determining instructional
  objectives by reviewing the subject area
  standards for the grade level you are teaching.
• Identify the standard your lesson is focused
  upon.

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Writing Instructional ObjectivesSummary

• If the standard involves learning a complex
  concept, generalization, or skill, complete a
  task analysis.
• Identify the steps in the task the lesson will
  address.

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Writing Instructional Objectives Summary

• The statement of an objective should reflect an
  appropriate level in the cognitive, affective, or
  psychomotor domain.
• The statement identifies learning outcomes for
  students and not actions by the teacher

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Writing Instructional ObjectivesSummary

• The statement guides the selection of
  instructional resources and activities.
• The statement determines the assessment or
  evaluation that will be used.

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Writing Instructional ObjectivesConclusion

• Instructional objectives guide the remaining
  steps in planning a lesson.
• No lesson can be effective without effective
  instructional objectives
• A lesson without effective objectives is like a
  trip without a destination

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ABCDs of Objectives

• Audience Who is it aimed at?
• Behavior What do you expect them to be able to
  do? This should be an overt observable behavior.
  If you cant see it, hear it, taste it, touch it
  or smell it, you cant be sure your audience
  really learned it.
• Condition How and under what circumstances will
  the learning occur? What will the student be
  given or already be expected to know to
  accomplish the learning?
• Degree How much? Must a specific criteria be
  met? (Total mastery at 100 or respond correctly
  80 of the time?)

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Examples

• SWBA to compute two column addition requiring
  regrouping when given a worksheet with 25
  problems with 95 ACCURACY
• SWBA to explain in writing the function of
  identified organs when given a labeled diagram of
  the human digestive system with 80 ACCURACY
• SWBA to create a story map describing the
  sequence of events that meets at least a Level 4
  on a scoring rubric after reading James and the
  Giant Peach

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• http//www.personal.psu.edu/bxb11/Objectives/Objqu
  iz.htm

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• http//www.personal.psu.edu/bxb11/Objectives/index
  .htm