Vesicular Transport IV

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Vesicular Transport IV

• Chapter 13

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3 possible fates of receptor proteins in an
epithelial cell
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opiod receptor green transferin red
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Low Density Lipoprotein particle transports
cholesterol in the blood
1500 cholesterol molecules esterified to long
chain fatty acids in one particle
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Normal LDL receptors facilitate transport of
cholesteryl esters in clathrin coated vesicles
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Defective LDL receptor protein causes high levels
of blood cholesterol and heart disease
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cholesterol is released in lysosome
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Blood Flow is not restricted until 70 of artery
is blocked
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Formation of plaque
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Formation of plaque
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Plaque formation in artery
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Formation of liposomes beneath endothelial layer
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Foam Cell with lipid storage bodies
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Plaque
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Plaque formation in rat aorta
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Severe atherosclerosis of the aorta.
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Storage diseases
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Cholesteryl ester storage disease
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Membrane bound granules filled with lipids
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Cholesterol ester storage disease
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Hurler disease
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Hurler disease is a lysosomal storage deficiency
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Symptoms of gargoylism

• Stunted Growth
• Mental Retardation
• blindness
• deafness
• heart and muscle dysfunction

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Two ways for some lysosomal proteins to end up in
lysosome
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3 best understood protein sorting pathways in the
trans Golgi network
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Hurler disease can be treated by adding lysosomal
enzyme to blood stream
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Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency
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Normal protein export from the ER to Golgi
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In alpha-1-antitrypdin deficiency export from ER
does not occur
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Alpha-1-anitrypsin accumulation in ER
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Glycoprotein accumulation in liver cells
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Globules of alpha-1-antitrypsin in liver cells
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Failure of phagosomes and lysosomes to fuse

• Mycobacterium tuberculosis releases sulfatides

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3 pathways to degradation in the lysosome
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Yeast in phagocytes stained with acridine orange
become fluorescent as phagosomes fuse with
lysosomes
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Sulfatides prevent fusion of phagosomes with
lysosomes
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two toxoplasma in phagocyte
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lysosomes
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