Career Deviant or Deviant Careers?

1
Career Deviant or Deviant Careers?

• What is the meaning of a Deviant Career?
• All persons judged as deviant follow a career
  process marked by several stages.
• Among the stages are
• Entry
• Mobility or maturity
• Exit

2
Comparison to other Careers

• Analogy to Respectable Careers
• 4 Stages to respectable Career
• Entry busy work, low pay, low power/authority,
  long hours
• Mobility Career climb on the job experience,
  gratification still career uncertainty
• Zenith Important assignments increased
  authority security and pay are at a peak
• Coasting to Retirement Prestige still high work
  assignments decreasing
• Note What are the typical ages for each stage?

3
Comparison to other Careers

• Deviant Career
• Rapid Upward Mobility No Credentials required to
  start young with little educ. Most deviant
  careers favor youth b/c of willingness to take on
  risk among youth.
• More Frequent Shifts Most jump from job to
  job shifts vary.
• Lateral Shift Same scene new job
• Vertical Shift Move up or down in status
• Context Shift New scene, same activity
• Additional Activities
• Short to Long term Commitment varies

4
Comparison to other Careers

• Deviant Career
• Earlier Decline
• Police record acquired early in life creates
  problems.
• Loss of networking connections /decreasing
  physical capacity discourages deviant lifestyle
• Wanting Out 2 Factors
• Push Out Aging, Medical, Burn-out, Criminal
  Record
• Pull Out Family, Links to respectable circles,
  Legit. Work opportunities

5
Careers in Deviance

• Reserve 9. Careers in Deviance (Best
  Luckenbill)
• Career Concept
• ENTERING the Career
• 40. Gay Male Christian Couples and Sexual
  Exclusivity DROP
• Reserve 10. Marks of Mischief Becoming and
  Being Tattooed (Sanders)
• DISCUSS
• 39. Joining a Gang Being Deviant. (Jankowski)
• DISCUSS

6
Social Organization of Deviance Street Gangs

• Social Disorganization Theory
• Chicago School of Sociology (early 1900s)
• Emphasizes Ecological Elements in the Urban
  Environment
• Immigrant Questions
• Allow immigrants into US or not?
• Genetic differences in immigrants versus native
  born Americans ?
• Scapegoating social problems (see Ch. 16)

7
Sociology Organization of Deviance Street Gangs

• Model of the ecological process (Park and
  Burgess)
• Concentric Zone Model of urban development
• Zone of Transition
• http//www.csiss.org/classics/content/26
• Metro Reef Pattern

8
Sociology Organization of Deviance Street Gangs

• Mapping incidents of Delinquency (55,000 over
  30 years)
• Shaw McKay observe spatial patterns in places
  where delinquency is clustered
• Spatial pattern of crime is stable

9
Sociology Organization of Deviance Street Gangs

• Ecological features of Zone of Transition
• Crime rate
• Economic depression
• Physical deterioration (housing)
• Single parent households
• High of renters (vs. owners)
• Heterogeneity (a.k.a ethnic diversity)
• Spatial Mobility

10
Sociology Organization of Deviance Street Gangs

• Ethnic Succession
• Poor are powerless to resist invasion of those
  prone to illegal behavior
• Poor can not resist those who are culturally
  different
• New immigrant waves
• Gentrification
• Cultural Transmission
• Criminogenic social disorganization takes root
• Traditions of Crime are developed passed on
  (Subcultural Theories Sutherland, W. Miller,
  etc.)
• Structures of Criminal Opportunity Access to
  Illegitimate Means focused on street (Drug
  Property) crime and violent crime

11
Sociology Organization of Deviance Street Gangs

• (Sub)Culture Conflict (Miller 1958)
• Working class values Focal Concerns
• Trouble
• Toughness
• Smartness
• Excitement
• Fate
• Autonomy
• Have other values developed since the 1950s?
• What values are evident in the reading by Jody
  Miller on Gender, Victimization Gangs (Ch. 31)?
• How is masculinity and gender related to gang
  membership and member values?
• How about Jankowski in Ch. 37 Join a Gang?
• How about in Godson Olsons International
  Organized Crime (Ch. 31)?

12
Exiting A Deviant Career

• 41. Shifts Oscillations in Deviant Careers
  Upper Level Drug Dealers Smugglers (Adler
  Adler)
• 42. Exiting Child Molesting (Pryor)