Title: ???? ???? ???????? newsvendor model
1???? ???? ???????? newsvendor model
2newsvendor model
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- ???? ??????? ??????- ????? ???? ?? ????? ????
???? ???.
3????? ?????
- ?????? ??????? (????? ????????).
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????????, ???????...) - ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? !
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- ??? (????? ????) ??? (????? ????) ???? ?????,
???'. - ??????? ?????? ????? ?????/ ????? ???? (?? ???
?????? ??????).
4???? ?? ????? ?? ????
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- ???? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ????????, ??????
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???????.
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- ????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? (??? ????) ??? ?? ?????
?????? - ???? ??? ?? ?????, ?? ????? ??? ?????
????. - ???, ????? ??? ????? ????.
- ????? ????? ???? ?? Q ?????? ????
- ????? ???? ????????.
6????? ???? ????????
????? (d) ??????? P(d) ??????? ?????? F(d)P(Dltd)
35 ?? ???? 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 ?? ???? 0.00 0.05 0.07 0.08 0.15 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.03 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.12 0.20 0.35 0.50 0.70 0.85 0.95 0.98 1.00 1.00
- ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ??????, ???? ????????
???? ????????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????
??? ????? ?????? (????? ??????? ????????)
7????? ???? ????????
- ?????? ??????
- ???? ????? ???? ????? ???????? 1.5 ? c
- ???? ???????? ???? ?? ?????? ?
5 ? p - ????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?????
???? ????? ?????? ????
0 ? s - ???? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ??????
- ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ????
Co c - s - ????? ??? ????? ??? ????,
- ????? 1.5 ? Co1.5-0
- ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??????
Cu p - c - ????? ??? ????? ??? ?????,
- ????? (????? ???????) 3.5 ? Cu5-1.5
8?????- ????? 37 ???????
- ???? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??? 36 ???????. ???
???? ?????? ?? ????? ?-37 ???????? - ?????? ?-37 ?? ?????, ?? ?? ?????? ????? ????
???? ???? ?-37 ???????, ????? ??? ?? ???? ?-36
???????. - ????? ????????
- ???????? ??????? ????? 36 ??????? ?? ???? ???
5 - 0.05 F(38)P(Dlt36)
- ???, ?????? ??????? ?-37 ???? ??? 95
- 1 - P(Dlt36) 1-0.050.95
- ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??????
?????? ?-37 - 3.25 ? (0.05)(1.5 ? -) (0.95)(3.5 ? )
- ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?-37 ???????
- ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?-3.25 ? ????.
9???? ?????????
- ????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??
??? ????? ?? ????? ????? - ?????? ?????? ??????,
- ?????, ?? ???
- Cu 1 - F(Q) - Co F(Q) gt 0
- ???? ???? ?????? ?????????? ???? ???? ??????
(?????) ????? ?????? ????? ???? 0. - ????? ????
- Cu 1 - F(Q) - Co F(Q) gt 0
10???? ?????????
- ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????????? Q
??? - ????????
- ??? ?? ???? "???? ??????", "???? ??????" ?? "???
????? ?????". - ???? ???? ??, ??? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????
????? ????? (????? ????? ????? ???? ?-0).
11???? ?????????
- ?? ????? ?????? ????
- 1.5 ? Co1.5-0
- 3.5 ? Cu5-1.5
- ???? ?????? ??? 0.7.
- ?? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????,
- ???? ???? ?? ????? ??????
- 41 ?????? ????? ????.
12????? ???? ????????
????? (d) ??????? P(d) ??????? ?????? F(d)P(Dltd)
35 ?? ???? 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 ?? ???? 0.00 0.05 0.07 0.08 0.15 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.03 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.12 0.20 0.35 0.50 0.70 0.85 0.95 0.98 1.00 1.00
- ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ??????, ???? ????????
???? ????????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????
??? ????? ?????? (????? ??????? ????????)
13???? ?????????
- ???? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ????????? ???? ?????
??. - ???? ?? ????? ???? ??????????, ??? ?????? ???
?????? - ??????
- ?? ????? (?) ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? - ??
???? ?????? - ??? ???? ?????? ??? 0, ????, ?? ?????? ???? 41
??????? - 143.5? 1.5?41 0 415 ? (? Q41)
- ????? ????? ?? ??? 143.5 ?
14- ???? ?? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????
????? ???/??? ???? ???????? ?????? (?????? D ) ?? ????? (?) ?????? ???? ?? 41 ???????
????? ??? 36 118.5? 1.5?41 0 365 ? (?Q36)
????? ??? 38 128.5? 1.5?41 0 385 ? (?Q38)
????? ??? 39 133.5? 1.5?41 0 395 ? (?Q39)
????? ??? 40 138.5? 1.5?41 0 405 ? (?Q40)
????? ???? 41 143.5? 1.5?41 0 415 ? (?Q41)
????? ??? 42 143.5? 1.5?41 0 415 ? (?Q42)
15????? ???? ?????? (c) ????? ?????? (p), ?? ????
??????
- ???? ???? ?????, ?????? ??? ???? (s) ??? 0
???? ?????? (c) ???? ?????? (p) ????? ????????? (Q)
1 5 42 (5-1)/5 0.8
1.5 5 41 (5-1.5)/5 0.7
2 5 41 (5-2)/5 0.6
3 5 40 (5-3)/5 0.4
4 5 38 (5-4)/5 0.2
5 5 0 (5-5)/5 0
????? ???? ????
????? ???? ????
16??????? ????? ???? ????????
"Reducing the cost of demand uncertainty through
accurate resoponse to early sales" Fisher Raman
(1996)
- ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ??????
?????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?????. - ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ????
???????? ????? ????? ???? ?????. - ?????? ????????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ??
????? ??-60 ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ??. - ??????? ???? ????? ????? ????????? ??????? ??????
????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???. - ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????.
17??????? ????? ???? ????????
"Decision Bias in the Newsvendor Problem with a
Known Demand Distribution Experimental
Evidence" Shcweitzer Cachon (2000)
- ????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??????
?????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ???????? ?????? ???
?? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????. - ?????, ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????
?????? ???? ??????? ????. - ????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??????
- ????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ????, ??? ???? ??????
???? ?? ???? ?-0.5 - (???????? ?? ?????, ???????, ?????? ??????
(???? ? - SALE) ) - ????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ????, ??? ???? ??????
???? ?-0.5 - (???????? ?? ??????, ?????? DVD)
18Shcweitzer Cachon (2000)
- ??????
- ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? (Wodgets) ???
12. - ?????? ????? ????? ????????, ??? 0 ?- 300 ??????.
- ?????? ???? ?????
- ???? ???? ????
- ???? ?????? 3 (??? ??? ???).
- ???? ?????? ??? ??? 0.75
- ????? ??????????? ?????? 225
- ???? ???? ????
- ???? ?????? 9 (??? ??? ???).
- ???? ?????? ??? ??? 0.25
- ????? ??????????? ?????? 75
19Shcweitzer Cachon (2000)
- ???? ??????
- ???????? (?????? MBA ) ????? ?????? ?? ?????
?????? ????? ?? ?????. - ?? ????? ?? ?? ????? ??????? ????????.
- ?? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ????????? ??????? ????
???? ????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ???????? (???????
?????, ??????? ???????? ???? ??????/?????? ???
??? ?????, ????). - ???? ?? ?????, ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ??????
????? (?????? ????? ???? ???? ??????, ????? ???
??? ????????). - ??? ??, ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??????.
- ?????? ????? 30 ???? ?????
- 15 ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? .
- 15 ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? (???? ?????).
20Shcweitzer Cachon (2000)
- ??????
- 33 ???? 34 ??????? ?????? ?? ??????.
- ????? ???? ????
- ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? (?????? ?-150
??'). - ????? ???? ????
- ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? (?????? ?-150
??'). - ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??????
178 ??????, - ???? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? (225
??'). - ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??????
139 ??', - ???? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? (75
??'). - ???? ????? ???? ?? ????? ??????, ????? ??? 30
?????? ?? ???????. - ??????
- ????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????
- ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ????
- (???????, ??????? ?????? ????), ?? ???? ?????.
21Shcweitzer Cachon (2000)
- ??????
- ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????
???? ??? ??????. - ???? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??????, ????? ???????? ???
?????? ????????, ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ????
????? (???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??????). - ??????? ??? ??????? (????? ????) ??????????
??????. - ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??????
???????????.
22Shcweitzer Cachon (2000)
23Shcweitzer Cachon (2000)
24Shcweitzer Cachon (2000)
- ?????? ??????? ???????
- ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????
- ????? ??? "????? ?????" -?????? ????? ?????? ???
????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ????. - ???? "????? ????-?????" (stockout aversion)
?????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????. - ???? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ????
25Shcweitzer Cachon (2000)
- ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ???????
- ????????? ????? ??????
- ????? ?????? ( 150 ??'), ?????? ????? ???? ?????
?? ????, ????? ???????? ?????. - ???? ????????
- ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? (??? ??
???? ????? ?????? ???? ????). - ????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? (??? ???? ????
???? ?????? ???? ????).
26Shcweitzer Cachon (2000)
- ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ???????
- Minimizing Ex-Post Inventory Error
- ??? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ????
????? ????? ????? ????? ?????. ??? ?? ???? ??????
??? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????. - ???? ?? ????? ????- ????? ??? ????? ??????, ????
?????? ?????. - ????? ???? ????- ??? ????? ????? ??????????.
- ????? ??? ????- ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ????.
- ?????? ???? ????-
- ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???.
- ????? ???? ????-
- ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???.
27Shcweitzer Cachon (2000)
- ????? ????
- ?????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????.
- ????? ??????
- ??????? ???? ???? ????? ????, ???? ???? ??????
(????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????). - ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??????
?????????? ???? ?? ????? ???/???, ????? ???????
?? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ????????.
28Shcweitzer Cachon (2000)
- ????? ????-??????
- ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?-MBA ????
????, ?? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??????. - ???????
- ??????? ????? ?? ?????, ?? ??? ??? ???? ??????
?????? ?????, ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?-
Ex-Post Inventory.
29Shcweitzer Cachon (2000)
- ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ,
- ??????? ????? ?????
- ?? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??????, ??????
????? ?????. - ???? ????? ??? ?"?
- ????? ????? ????.
- ???? ???, ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????, ????
??"? ???? ???? ????????. - ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?????
???? ???? ??????? ???? ????????.
30Shcweitzer Cachon (2000)
- ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ,
- ??????? ????? ?????
- ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ????,
????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ????. - ???? ?????? ?? ????????
- ???? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????
???????, ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ????
???? ????. - ???? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???????
?????? ???/???.