TO

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INTRODUCTION TO JTIDS/MIDS LINK 16
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TERMINOLOGY
INFORMATION - sensors, navigation, status,
commands, vectors, position DISTRIBUTION - via
Link-16 SYSTEM - Platforms joined in a tactical
environment
C.1.2
3
TERMINOLOGY

• JTIDS/MIDS refers to the communications equipment
  necessary to exchange Link 16 messages
• This includes
• Terminal hardware and software
• RF equipment
• Resulting waveform generated

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ENVIRONMENTS

• Air
• Surface
• Subsurface
• Land
• Space

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IJMS

• Interim JTIDS Message Standard
• Bases on Link 11 M-Series messages
• Adapted to utilise basic JTIDS architecture
• Class 1 or Bilingual Terminals

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LINK 16

• Message standard (STANAG 5516)
• 256 combinations of label and sub-label
• Link 16 messages support
• Surveillance
• Network Management
• Control
• EW
• Voice
• Free text messaging

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TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS

• L Band UHF
• 51 Frequencies
• 969 to 1206 Mhz _at_ 3 Mhz Intervals

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IFF Filters
14 Frequencies
32 Frequencies
5 Freqs
1030
960
1090
1215
TACAN / DME Channels spaced every 1 MHz
969
1206
Link-16 Frequencies spaced every 3 MHz (51
Frequencies)
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ARCHITECTURE

• JTIDS/MIDS Link-16 is a data link that is
• Real Time
• Secure
• ECM Resistant
• High Capacity
• Non-Nodal

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ARCHITECTURE

• Broadcast type system
• each unit can receive directly from all other
  assigned units
• No critical nodes
• if one terminal goes down, the network is not
  crippled

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ARCHITECTURE

• Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA)
• Time is divided into 128 time slots per second
• Each terminal can either transmit or receive

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DAY (24 Hours)
112.5 EPOCHS
EPOCH 64 FRAMES
1 FRAME 12 Seconds
FRAME 1536 Timeslots
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ARCHITECTURE

• Each time slot is allocated to a specific user
  for transmission. All other users receive in that
  time slot.

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TIMESLOT

• Timeslot equates to 7.8125msec
• 1536 timeslots in 12 seconds
• Timeslot comprises several components

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TIMESLOT

• Number of elements within a timeslot
• Jitter
• Synchronisation
• Time refinement
• Message header and data
• Propagation

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TIME SLOT STRUCTURE

• Jitter - variable time delay in the start of a
  transmission of a time slot standard double
  pulse and packed-2 single pulse message
  packing structures

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TIME SLOT STRUCTURE

• Synchronization - a pattern of pulses that
  allows the receiving terminal to synchronize
  to the transmission

SYNC
JITTER
HEADER
DATA
PROPAGATION
7.8125 milliseconds
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TIME SLOT STRUCTURE

• Time Refinement - used for Class 1 compatibility
  only

SYNC
JITTER
HEADER
DATA
PROPAGATION
7.8125 milliseconds
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TIME SLOT STRUCTURE

• Header - 35 bit word providing information
  concerning the message(s) transmitted in the
  time slot

SYNC
JITTER
HEADER
DATA
PROPAGATION
7.8125 milliseconds
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TIME SLOT STRUCTURE

• Data - message(s) transmitted in the time slot
• 3, 6, or 12 TADIL J words, depending on
  packing structure

SYNC
JITTER
HEADER
DATA
PROPAGATION
7.8125 milliseconds
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TIME SLOT STRUCTURE

• Propagation - time period to allow the signal to
  propagate to 300 or 500 NM prior to start
  of next time slot

SYNC
JITTER
HEADER
DATA
PROPAGATION
7.8125 milliseconds
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TIMESLOT

• Header and Data
• Link 16 message words taken in groups of
• 3 words (Std)
• 6 Words (P2)
• 12 Words (P4)
• Header specifies
• Message Type
• Coding
• Packing Structure
• Source terminal

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STANDARD PACKING STRUCTURE
TIME SLOT
7.8125 MILLISECONDS
S
TR
H
DATA
PROPAGATION
3.354 MILLISECONDS
4.4585 MILLISECONDS MINUS JITTER
JITTER
S SYNCHRONISATION TR TIME REFINEMENT H
HEADER
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ACCESS METHODS

• Dedicated
• Guaranteed reception
• Inflexible
• Contention
• Flexible
• Reception uncertainty
• Time slot re-allocation
• Shared Pool
• Unit requests share

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ECM RESISTANCE

• Double Pulse
• Jitter
• Frequency Hopping
• Crypto variable Encoding
• Message Preparation

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SECURITY

• Message Security (MSEC)
• Transmission Security (TSEC)
• Common Variable Mode
• Partitioned variable mode
• Auto rollover

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MESSAGE PREPARATION

• Message Packets
• Reed-Solomon encoding
• All J-Series Fixed Format words
• Interleaving
• CCSK
• Random Noise

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NETWORK ENTRY

• Network Time Reference (NTR)
• First Platform in net
• Transmits Initial Entry Message (IEM) every 12
  seconds

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NETWORK ENTRY

• Platform other than NTR required to synchronise

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NET ENTRY
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FINE SYNCHRONISATION

• Actively or passively
• Passively utilising received PPLIs
• Actively
• RTT(A) or RTT(B)
• RTT (A) Dedicated
• RTT (B) Contention

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MULTINETTING

• JTIDS provides the capability to operate
  simultaneously in up to 127 nets in the same
  network
• A terminal can operate (transmit or receive) in
  only one net in any one time slot but can operate
  in any net in any time slot as determined by
  assignment
• These nets use independent frequency hopping
  patterns with the net number a variable in
  determining the hopping pattern

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MULTINETTING
NET 127 NET ... NET 2 NET 1 NET 0
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NETWORK PARTICIPATION GROUPS

• Previous links, data received and processed if
  applicable to a platforms role or not
• NPGs allow for grouping of J-series messages
  into a functional role
• Aids network design

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NPGs
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RELAY

• UHF LOS Only
• Paired Slot relay

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RELAY
The relay terminal Rx in (X)
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RELAY

• Fixed Format and free text
• Capable of relaying to different nets
• No limit to relay hops

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UK PLATFORMS

• In Service
• E3D Tornado F3
• Nimrod (R) VC10 Tristar
• JAPNMS (NMGB) C130
• JPC TJF
• RN (CVS T42) RN (JPC)
• GRAP (RA 16 AAB)
• Future
• EFA Typhoon ASTOR
• MRA (4) T45
• GBAD

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OTHER NATIONS

• USA (USAF, USN, USMC, US Army)
• France Germany
• Italy Netherlands
• Norway Belgium
• Denmark Spain
• Canada Australia
• Switzerland Japan
• and others

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ANY QUESTIONS