Sharing netLibrary e-Books Among the Academic Libraries in Taiwan

1
Sharing netLibrary e-Books Among the Academic
Libraries in Taiwan

• Ellen F. Liu
• Professor,
• Graduate Institute of Library and Information
  Science, National Chung-Hsing University

2
Outline

• Introduction
• Related Literature
• Consortium Purchasing of e-Books in Taiwan
• Discussion

3
Introduction I Higher Education System
SY2005-2006
General Universities 60
General Colleges 10
Technology Universities 29
Technology Colleges 46
Technology Junior Colleges 17
Total 162
4
Introduction II Number of Students SY
2005-2006

Univ. Colleges 938,648
Master Programs 149,493
Ph.D. Programs 27,531
Junior Colleges 180,886
Total 1,296,558
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Introduction III Number of Faculty Staff SY
2005-2006

• (Source Summary of Universities,
  Colleges, and Junior Colleges, SY2005-2006)
• SY2005-2006 Total Students Staff in HE
  1,406,429
• Question How many of these would use
  e-books?
• Probably less than 16.

Faculty Full-time 47,317
Faculty Part-time 41,601
Assistants 2,284
Staff 18,669
Total 109,871
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Introduction III Number of Faculty Staff SY
2005-2006 (contd)

• If an estimate of 260,000
  Othersnon-degree students, alumni, retirees
  is added, the academic libraries would serve an
  estimated total of 1,690,000 users.
• (Source 2005 Library Yearbook)
• With this estimate, the percentage of
  potential e-book users would be even lower.

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E-Book Collection Development ? Deliberations
at the Turn of the New Millennium

• Publishing trends in e resources databases,
  e-journals,
• e-books
• Expenditures (from a survey of 159 libraries of
  HE in 2004)

Printed Books 37
Printed Journals 35
AV 5
E Resources 22
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E-Book Collection Development ? Deliberations
at the Turn of the New Millennium (contd)

• Collections of E Resources
• Manpower
• 135 libraries 1,696 staff
• Average 12.6 per lib
• Reading Circulation
• Collections to Support Educational
  Programs, Research
• Scholarly Communication vs. Leisure
  Reading
• English Books vs. Chinese Books

Types No. of Lib Average Size Max. Size
E Journals 131 7,968 63,632
Databases 136 81 943
E Books 127 5,851 311,965
Other E Resources 97 484 29,783
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Related Literature-Taiwan

• Early Experience of Tamkang University Library
• Purchased netLibrary 1,200 volumes in July
  2000
• Usage Statistics Reported July 2000-Oct.11,
  2001
• Total Accesses
  577
• Subjects Accessed Most
• Business Economics 92
• Library Science
  92
• Literature
  57
• One observation the netLibrary model, befitting
  consortium
• purchase, could
  augment shared resources.
• (Hwang Li,
  2001)

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Related Literature-UK

• 2001 Londsdale Armstrong
• a slow acceptance of nearly all digital
  textual
• Resources other than journals
• 2003 Garrrod
• netLibrary was the main supplier of ebooks to
  UK
• academic libraries.
• One factor affecting the take-up of ebooks
  in the UK
• was content and services have been developed
  by US
• companies for the US market.

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Related Literature -Australia

• Nelsonexperience of Victoria Univ. in
• a pilot consortium subscription of CAVAL
• VU 12 campuses, 50,000 students. 3,000
• faculty staff.
• Decided to select high-use items, 20
• reserve titles with a match on
  netLibrary.
• CAVAL a consortium of VU libraries and the
• State Lib of Victoria.

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• Related Literature -Australia (contd)
• Author noted people prefer access to
  selection and VUs selection would not
  represent a critical mass of content, a
  meaningful collection to choose from or deliver
  statistical use reports from.

Number of titles Titles not used Total use-to-date Titles most used (economics)
VC 20 43 406 23
consortium 303 9 3611 28
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Related Literature-US Case 1

• 2001 Dillon, pt.1Experience of Univ. of
• Texas at Austin
  
• E-Book Collections from netLibrary
• Amigos a large network of 750 libraries
  mainly from
• five southern states
• TexShare all Texas public and academic
  libraries
• UT System 15 libraries ( 9 academic, 6 medical)

Amigos 11,000 titles
TexShare 5,000 titles 9,000 vols
UT System 5,300 titles
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Related Literature-US Case 1 (contd) Univ.
of Texas at Austin
E-book titles that have received at least one use E-book titles that have received at least one use
Collection and user group
Titles in the global netLibrary collection which have been used by any library 77
Titles in the Amigo netLibrary collection used by any AMIGOS library 71
Titles in the statewide Texas State Library collection used by any library 54
Titles in the UT System netLibrary collection used by any UT System library 32
Titles in the Amigos netLibrary collection used by UT-Austin 24
Titles in the UT system netLibrary collection used by UT-Austin 15
(Dillon pt.1, 2001)
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Related Literature-US Case 2

• 2001 Ramirez GyeszlyExperience of
• 
  Texas AM Univ
• a committee selected 15 subject areas
  historically tended to have
• high circulation

e-Book Collections e-Book Collections
Amigos 10,000
TSLAC (Texas State Library Archives Commission) 9,000
TAMU 193 ( since Jan. 2001)
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Related Literature-US Case 2 (contd) Texas
AM Univ

• Authors noted Surprisingly, the almost 200
  specially selected e-books were not very heavily
  accessed by users. Also 9 of 15 subjects, 60
  of selected categories, were never used during
  Feb.-May, 2001.

Accesses Accesses
Aug. 2000-Jan.2001 (180 days) Feb.May 2001 (90 days)
1,356 3,128 (incl. 61 of TAMU collection)
Total accesses 4,484
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Related Literature-US Case 3

• 2003 LangstonExperience of Calf. State Univ.
• e-book Pilot
  Project
• Use by Collections (netLibrary)
• Size of the User Group
• CSU in the fall of 2001-- 23 campuses,
  388,700 students, 22,000
• 
  faculty

Mar.-Dec.2001 Titles Accesses
Purchased 821 8,244 (47)
Lease/Multi User 701 9,229 (53)
Total 1,522 17,473
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Consortium Purchasing of E-Books in Taiwan

• TEBNET ( Taiwan E-Book Network)
• initial organizational meetings began in Apr.
  2001, started to share e-books in May 2002,
  gained formal approval as a cooperatoive on
  Sept.15, 2004.

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Consortium Purchasing of E-Books in Taiwan
(contd)

• Members by Type of HE Institutes

Year Type Dec. 2002 Dec. 2003 Sept. 2004
Univ. 15 22 29
College 6 7 9
Jr. College 0 1 1
Total 21 30 39
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Usage of the First Shared Collection
Accesses by All Members
No. of Lib E-Book Titles E-Book Vols. Accesses Accesses
May-Dec.2002 21 21 6,156 7,128 15,272 15,272
Jan.-May 2003 21 6,156 7,128 (9,283) 27,703
June-Dec. 2003 30 10,590 11,481 (18,420) 27,703
Jan.-Sept. 2004 30 10,590 11,481 43,365 43,365
Total 86,340 86,340
Additional 3,007 free titles could be accessed.
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Usage of the First Shared Collection (contd)
Accesses by Individual Libraries May 2002Sept.
2004

Rank Accesses Cum.
1 14638 16.95
2 8826 27.18
3 8179 36.65
4 7992 45.91
5 7954 55.12
----
14 1538 89.35
----
26 307 98.75
27 238 99.02
28 187 99.24
29 179 99.45
30 121 99.59
31 (TEBNET Consortium Collection) 358 100.00
Total 86340
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Usage of the First Shared Collection (contd)

• Accesses by Subjects May 2002Sept. 2004

Accesses No.of E-Books Ratio of Use
Business, Economics and Management 12253 14.19 1981 18.71 75.87
Computers 10538 12.21 708 6.69 182.56
Technology, Engineering and Manufacturing 10227 11.85 625 5.90 200.70
Language and Linguistics 5702 6.60 453 4.28 154.39
Chemistry 5072 5.87 200 1.89 311.05
----
History World and General 243 0.28 64 0.60 46.57
Travel and Geography 235 0.27 77 0.73 37.43
Sports and Recreation 191 0.22 61 0.58 38.40
Sociology and Anthropology 182 0.21 50 0.47 44.65
History United States 50 0.06 35 0.33 17.52
Other 211 0.24 34 0.32 76.12
Total 86340 100.00 10590 100.00 100.00
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Usage of the First Shared Collection (contd)
Accesses by Ratio of Use May 2002Sept. 2004
Ratio of Use Accesses No.of E-Books
Chemistry 311.05 5072 5.87 200 1.89
Technology, Engineering and Manufacturing 200.70 10227 11.85 625 5.90
Library Science and Publishing 191.10 2711 3.14 174 1.64
Biology and Life Sciences 188.22 4312 4.99 281 2.65
Computers 182.56 10538 12.21 708 6.69
----
Travel and Geography 37.43 235 0.27 77 0.73
Political Science 37.20 279 0.32 92 0.87
Home Economics 37.09 505 0.58 167 1.58
Religion 33.84 516 0.60 187 1.77
History United States 17.52 50 0.06 35 0.33
Other 76.12 211 0.24 34 0.32
Total 100.00 86340 100.00 10590 100.00
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Discussion

• 1. Shared Collections of e-Books
• Consortium Purchase Through TEBNET
• Usage of e-Books
• University and Junior College Libraries
• 2. E-Books Supplied by netLibrary
• Collection Policy and Selection Process
• US Market Oriented
• Barriers

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Discussion (contd)

• 3. Statistics and Usage
• Reliability
• Usage of Print and e Books
• Subject Categories
• 4. A Critical Mass of E Content
• Collection Size and Variations
• A Critical Mass of Users
• Quantities of Available e-books
• 5. Publishing e-Book

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• The End
• Thank You!