??????(Flow Injection Analysis,FIA)???????????????????????????.???????,??????????;????,?????;????????;????????;???????

1
???? ????????
2
? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ?
? ? ? ? ?
X ? ? ? ?
3
??? ?????? ??????(Flow Injection
Analysis,FIA)???????????????????????????.???????,?
?????????????,???????????????????????????? ??
??????????? (?) FIA????? ????FIA????????????????
???????????,???
4
??????15-1??.???????,??????????????????????,
?????????????????.??????????10500µL,?????0.55mL
min-1???????????,?????????????????(???)?????,?????
?????.???????????????,????????????,???????????????
??. ????????????????????????????????????
5
??.??,FIA???????????????????????????? (?)
FIA???? ????????????FIA??,?????????????,??????????
???????????????????????????????????????????,?????
??,???????????????????????????????????????,??????
?????????????????????,???????????????
6
????????,?????????????? 1.??????
???????????,?FIA???????????????,??????????????????
????????? ????????,?????????C0 ????????????
???c????????D,? Dc0/c????D??????????????????????
???D??????????????????????? 2. ?????????
?FIA??,???
7
?????????????????????,????????????????????? 3.
?????? FIA??????????????????????????????
?????????,??????????????????,???????????????????
??????????,???????????????????????????????????????
???????,????????????????????????,?AK'c
8
WhKlgc ???????????? (?)K-1000???????? (
?)????-?????-??????? (?)???????????ICP-AES????
??? ???
???(Thermal Analysis)?????????,???????????????????
???????????,??????????????????,???????????????????
??
9
???????????????????????,?????????????????????? ?
???? ???(Thermogravimetry,TG)?????????,?????????
????????????????????????????,???(???)????,????????
?????????,?m-T???????????????(DTG),????????(???)??
??(dm/dt)????,???(???)????,?dm/dt-T???
10
(?)??????? ????????????????????????????????????
?,???????????????????????15-8??? 1.?? 2.?????
3.?????? ( ?)?? ?????,?????????????,????
??????????????????????????????????????????,?????
??????CaC2O4H2O????????,
11
????????????????????? ??
CaC2O4H2O???????15-10???????,??????????100???,?Ca
C2O4H2O????100226???????,????????????12.5,??1m
olCaC2O4H2O??1molH2O???????226346???,????CaC2O4?
?346420??????????,????????????19.35,???1molCaC2O
4???1molCO??????420660???,????CaCO3?660840????
??????,?????
12
???????30.3,???1molCaCO3???1molCO2???????840980?
,????? CaO? ?? ???? ????(Differential Thermal
Analysis,DTA) ?????????,??????????????????????????
?????????????????????????,????????????????????????
?????????????????????????????????????????????????,
?????????????????,?????
13
???????,??,?????????????,??????????????? (
?)?????? ??S????R????????????????????????,??
??????????S?R????????,??????????????????,?????TS??
?????????TR??????T,??????????????????????????????,
?????????,??????,?DTA??? (?) ??
14
????????????????,??????????????????????,??????????
??????????? ???????????????,??T-t?????????????
???????????????????????????????? ?????????
???????(Differential Scanning Calorimetry,DSC)????
?????,?????????????????????????????????,??????????
????
15
(?)??????????? ?????????????????????????,??
???????????,???????????????????????,????????K????
??,?????????????????,????????????? (?)??
???????????????,??????????????,???????????????,???
?dT/dt???T??????,???????K???,????????????
16
????????????????????,?????????????????????????????
????????,?????????????????,???????????????????????
????????????????????????,?-200800???,????????????
??????????,??????????????????.
17
??? ????? ????????????,?????????????????,?????
????????????????????????????,??????????.
???????????????????????????????(Raman
Spectroscopy).???????????,???????????????.??,?????
????,?????????.???????????????,?
18
??????,?????????,??,????????????????.?????????????
????????????????????????????,?????????????. ??????
????? ????????????? ??.?????????,????????0,??????
??,??????????????????E0,??????????????Em?,????????
???h(?0-?m),??????????????????????????,??????????
19
?????Em?,????h?0???????,????????,?????E0,?????????
h(?0?m),???????????????.??,????????????? ???
s????????,?as?????????, E1?E0?????????????????????
????????????,?????????????????????????????????????
?
20
????,???cm-1? ??????????????-??????,????????????
-????,?????????????????,??????????,??????????????,
????????????, ???????????-??????????,?????????????
?????????? ????????????????????????????????
??????
21
???,???????????????,??,??????????????,????????????
??? ????? ???????????????,???(??????)???,??
????????????-???,????????????????????.
??????????????????,??????????????????????????????
????.??,???????????????,??????????????,???????
22
?.????????,????????????.???????? ???????????????,?
???????????? ????????????????,??????0,
????,????????????????????????,?????,???0lt
?lt3/4?????,????????????,??????????? ???????? ?????
????????????????????????????
23
???? ?????????????????????,??,??????????????
???????????????????????? (?)????????? ??????????,?
??????????????,??,???????,????????????????,
?????????,????????????? ( ?)?????????
24
???????????????????????,?????????????,??????????
??????? (?)???????? ?????????????????????????
??????????????????????????
25
??? X???? ?? X???? X????????(0.00510nm)?
???(2.5105 1.2102eV)????????????????????????,??
??????????? X?????X?????X??? (?)??X??
??X????????X?????? X??????????????(?)????????????,
????????????????,??????????
26
??????????,???????????????????,???????????????????
??????X???????????????????????????????????????,???
???????????????????????,??????????????????????????
?,??????????X????????????????,???????????????,????
???????X ???
27
???????????????????????,?????????????X??,??
????? ??m?v?e????????????????U?X ????????0?X
????????,???nm???(15-12)??,?0?????X???????,???????
? ????,??X??????Ix?X?????????i(mA)???U(kv)???
28
???????Z??,? IxAiZU2 ??A??????(1
5-13)??,?????????X ??,????????(???????)????X??????
?????X???????X???????,?????X???????,??????????????
,???????????????????? (?) ??X??
?X?????????????(????25kv)?,???????????????????????
??X???,?????
29
X??? ??X????????????X ??????,??????????????
??,???????,?????????,????X????????? ??X?????? ????
?????,??????????????X??,?????(??)X????????X???????
??????????,???????(??)X??,????X????X???????,?????X
????????????????????,?????????,?????X??
30
?????????X???????????????????????X??,??????X??????
X ??????????????,???X??????(X-ray Fluorescence
Analysis)?????? (?)????? ???(Moseley)??,????????Z?
??,X ??????????????,??????? ??K?S????????????
??,???????X????,??????????,???????? (?)X???????
31
X???????????????X????????????????????????????,???
???????????????X?????????????15-20??????X?????????
??????????????,??????????????????????? ??X?????? X
??????(X-ray Diffraction Analysis)????????????????
?????????????????????????????????????,??????????,?
????????????,??
32
????????????????????????????X????X??????X?????????
????,???????(??)???????????,?????,????????????????
??,???????X?????X?????????????,?????ABBC,??
ABBCdsin?
(15-15) ??,d??????????11'?22'??????
ABBC2dsin? (15-16) ????????????
??????,?????(Bragg)????,?
n?2dsin ? (15-17)
33
??n?0,1,2,3, ??,???????????????,??????,???d
???,??????,???????X?????,????????,?X?????????????
X????????,??????,???????????d,????X?????????