Publishing Scientific Data

1
Publishing Scientific Data the Role of the
Digital Object Identifier

• Michael Diepenbroek
• PANGAEA / WDC-MARE

2
DOI - Operational System

• International DOI Foundation (IDF) launched 1998.
  
• Currently used by c. 4,000 naming authorities
• assigners e.g. 3,000 publishers, data
  repositories, EU
• Documents, science data sets, etc.
• 43 million DOI names assigned to date
• 60 million DOI resolutions per month
• Well established in professional information
  sector
• best known applications are CrossRef
  (www.crossref.org ) and DataCite
  (www.datacite.org )
• Draft International Standard (ISO TC46 )

3
DOI Operational System

• Use of identifier syntax and network resolution
  mechanism (Handle System)
• Persistence ensured through combination of
• improved handle infrastructure (registry
  database, proxy support)
• social infrastructure (obligations by
  Registration Agencies - RA)
• Use of a semantically interoperable data model
  and grouping mechanisms.
• multiple resolution, data typing, Application
  Profiles

4
DOI - Organisation
Operating Federation
International DOI Foundation
members
5
DOI Business Model

• IDF receives membership fees from RAs, contracts
  technical operator
• RAs also pay operational fees to IDFs technical
  operator for registering and maintaining DOI
  names (sliding scale per volume)
• Assigners are customers of RAs
• RAs might have their own existing numbering
  scheme
• RAs are autonomous independent bodies. They offer
  services to assigners using DOI names
• RAs business model with their customers is
  entirely autonomous
• RAs only obligation to IDF is a licence/operating
  agreement

6
DOI system added value

• DOI is a brand
• DOI resolving infrastructure
• Offer you the opportunity to build added-value
  services
• Strong linkage with academic publishing!
• DataCite as DOI registry for scientific data
• Organised as an international association of
  libraries
• Developed by ICSU World Data Centers and Services
  (German cluster) the Technical Information
  Library in Hannover (TIB) 
• Will be adopted by ICSU World Data System
  (associated member of DataCite)

7
ICSU World Data Centers (WDC)Geophysical Year
1957

• Meteorology
• Asheville NC, USA
• Beijing, China
• Obninsk, Russia

• Marine Geology and Geophysics
• Boulder CO, USA
• Moscow, Russia

• Nuclear Radiation
• Tokyo, Japan

WDC Co-ordination Offices Washington DC,
USA Beijing, China
8
Initial position of WDS

• Contra
• Insufficient funding (of course)
• Organisation and quality of data services are not
  consistent
• IT development is fast no time for legacies
• Fragmentation of efforts
• Pro
• Long standing experience know how motivation
• Good context with science
• Open access for all data resources
• As a whole a very large global data management
  capacity
• Trans-disciplinary !

9
ICSU WDS - Roles relations in a federated
system
Scientific Communities Other Stakeholders
Related Networks Programs GEOSS, GMES, WMO-IS,
IOC etc
Metadata Data Services web portals, catalogues
Visualisation Analysis compute systems,
virtual labs, GIS systems
Publishers commercial, open access (e.g. ESSD
journal),crossreferencing
Data Archiving Publication Facilities
certified repositories
Libraries Service Providers DOI
registryinterdiscipl. catalogues
Education Outreach
Data Collection Processing FacilitiesQA/QC,
data products, also data rescue
Research Institutionsuniversities, research
institutes
Research Projects / Programsnational, EU,
international
Research Facilitiessattelites, vessels,
observatories, alert systems etc.
10
WDS implementation
11
Why do we need publishing systems for scientific
data?

• Good data availability fosters large scale
  complex science approaches.
• Data recycling is more effective than
  re-production.
• General data availability is low compared to data
  production.
• Available data are often not usable because the
  quality cannot be estimated.
• Prerequisite for the verification of scientific
  results.
• Benefit to data producers (publications
  science currency)

12
Data publishing - prerequisites and current
status

• DOI assigners (agents) need to be certified
• Certification agency CA
• following the OECD principles and guidelines for
  access to research data (2007)
• peer-review procedures
• citability
• persistent identifiers (DOI)
• ICSU SCOR Codata working groups on data
  citation
• Science citation index -gt Thomson Reuters Web of
  Knowledge
• Metadata/Data standards protocols

13
Data publishing - metadata
14
Data publishing - prerequisites and current
status

• Collaborations with science publishers (Elsevier,
  Springer, Wiley, Oxford, AGU etc.)
• data journals (ESSD)
• cross-referencing supplementary data with
  traditional publications
• published data as embedded content for
  traditional publications
• combined peer-review between data archive and
  journal

15
Data publishing - peer-review
16
Data publishing cross-referencing
17
Thank you !