Forensic Dentistry

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Odontology
Forensic Dentistry
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Forensic Odontology

• Unknown Body Identification
• Mass Disaster Investigation
• Dental Evidence Identification
• Bite Mark Evidence Comparison
• Child, Spouse, Senior Abuse Investigation
• Criminal Investigation Leads
• Civil Litigations

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Information for Victim

• Pictures Video Tape
• Fingerprint cards and ID Information
• X-Rays and Medical Records
• Known Blood Types and DNA Records
• Occupant/Passenger/visitor Lists
• Non Listing Occupant Passengers/visitor
• Seat/room Assignment

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Unknown Body Identification

• About 10,500 people missing every year in US
• Only 5 of those missing persons have dental
  records on file
• About 5,400 unidentified bodies were found every
  year.
• 65 of those bodies were identified by dental
  records
• The top 4 States CA, TX, MI,

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Identification of Human Remain

• Are the Remain Human
• Are the Remain Recent
• Identification of the Remain
• Estimation of Age
• Determination of Sex, Race, Stature
• Manner and Cause of Death
• Means and Facts related to Death

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Dental X-Ray Identification

• Alignment of Teeth
• Uniqueness of Teeth
• Rotation and Direction
• Dental Restoration
• Pulp Chamber
• Seines Line

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DNA
Mt-DNA
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Types of DNA Database

• Sex Offender Database
• Felony Offender Database
• Felony Arrest Database
• All Type Arrest Database
• Total 1,407,000 DNA Profiles in US CODIS
  database and 64,500 in forensic database.

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DNA Typing Emerging Trends

• SNPs Analysis
• Ethno-geographic Origin
• Robotic Platform Automation
• Data Acquisition and Analysis
• Microbial DNA Typing
• Non-human DNA Analysis
• Bio-geographical Ancestry
• Age Determination

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Solid
Extract
Divide into Three Equal Amount
2D AI
A.E
Conclusive results
NR, INC, NAD
Conclusive results
NR, INC, NAD
NC
NC
Non-concordant
concordant
Group
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ANTHROPOLOGY
BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
Physical Anthropology
HUMAN VARIATION HUMAN EVOLUTION
Study of Human Physical Variation and Evolution
in Relationship to Behavioral Patterns and
Cultures
BEHAVIORAL ANTHROPOLOGY
FORENSIC Anthropology
CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY ARCHAEOLOGY LINGUISTICS
Forensic Specialty in human skeletal biology who
apply their skills to medicolegal cases
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Identification of Human Remain

• Are the Remain Human
• Are the Remain Recent
• Identification of the Remain
• Estimation of Age
• Determination of Sex, Race, Stature
• Manner and Cause of Death
• Means and Facts related to Death

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Bite Mark Evidence Human Animal
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Bite Mark Evidence may involve

• Rape, Sexual Attack
• Child/ Senior Abuse
• Sexual Activity
• Assault Battery
• Homicide

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• Collection of Bite Mark Evidence
• 1. Photograph General Location
• 2. Photograph Close-up View
• 3. Photograph with Scale
• 4. Swab Saliva Stain
• 5. Measurement and Sketch
• 6. Casting of Impression

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Location of Bite MarksHeterosexual Assault
Homosexual Assault

• Female Victim
• Breast
• Thigh
• Ant. Shoulder
• Public areas
• Neck
• Arm
• Buttock

• Male Victim
• Abdomen
• Chest
• Arm

• Male Victim
• Upper Back
• Penis
• Axilla
• Scrotum
• Neck
• Arm
• Breast

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CRIME SCENE RECONSTRUCTION

• Re-evaluate Witness Statement
• Conduct Scene Analysis
• Review Results of Evidence
• Apply New Technology
• Search Missing Clues
• Develop New Leads

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Crime Scene
Physical evidence
Pattern evidence
Collection of information
Literature data
Investigate Report
Reports Records
Witnesss statements
Hypothesis
Verification of information
Coordination of information
Logic
Theory
Physical evidence
Pattern evidence
Reconstruction
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Types of Bite Marks

• Single Tooth Impression
• Multiple Teeth Impressions
• Bruise or Rub Pattern
• Sucking Marks
• Laceration
• Avulsion of Tissue

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Prove / Disprove Alibi

• Direct/Indirect Involvement
• Sequence of Events
• Self Defense vs. Homicide
• Location / Position Verification
• Active/Passive Scene
• Organized/Disorganized Scene
• Primary/Secondary Scene

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Variations Factors

• Skin factor
• Distortion factors
• Direction and amount of force
• Action and Reaction
• Variability of Force
• Variability of Movement
• Reproducibility of the Pattern
• Teeth Variability
• Subsequent Alterations

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Expert Opinions

• Different
• Consistent with
• Similar to
• Possible
• Probable
• To a reasonable Dental Certainty
• Match
• Can not be determine