HAITI

1
HAITI
2
(No Transcript)
3
Facts

• Language Creole and French
• Government Republic President Prime Minister
  and Ministers Two Chambers Senate and House.
• Capital Port au Prince
• Size 10 714 square miles
• Population 8 706 497
• Currency La gourde
• President Rene Preval
• Prime Minister Michele Pierre Louis

4
Geography
5
Haiti or Ayti means Mountainous land and its
Highest point is Pic de la selle 8 713Ft
6
History

• The Island was dicovered by Christopher Columbus
  in 1492
• The spaniards enslaved the Tainos and brought
  diseases with them so the Tainos became extinct.
• In 1517 the Spaniard started the slave.
• In the early 1600s the french settlers were
  effectively competing with the spanish settlers
• In 1697 the Ryswick treaty divides the land
  into French and Spanish part.

7

• The french part is today Haiti on the west side
  and the Spanish part which is the Dominican
  republic on the east.
• It officially became a french colony.
• Soon it became the most prosperous colony of
  France.
• The colony was the size of Maryland or Belgium
  but but dominated the production of coffee and
  sugar.
• The colony imported hundreds of thousands of
  slaves from Africa.
• By 1789 it produced 40 of all the sugar and 60
  of all the coffee produced in Europe.

8
Life in Saint Domingue

• Soon after the beginning of the slave trade,
  Saint Domingue was divided into three classes.
• The white colonists , the mulattoes and a few
  free blacks, and the slaves. It was a pyramid.
• Slaves were considered property and they
  outnumbered everyone else by one to ten.
• Since slavery in Saint-Domingue was ferocious
  slaves would runaway.
• It wasnt until 1751 that the vodou priest
  Mackandal organised the first organised
  rebellion.
• In 1757 he was captured and burned at the stake.

9
1791 A turning point

• Saint Domingue was comparable to a barrel of
  gunpowder that any spark could blow (Aime
  Cesaire).
• The white colonists were looking for autonomy.
• The the mulattoes were looking for equality
• The Slave wanted freedom.
• However the first two classes had reactionary
  concerns but the slaves concerns were
  revolutionary because they wanted a reverse order
  in that society.

10

• In august 22nd of 1791 2000 whites died and 280
  plantations were destroyed.
• On April 4th 1794 the French legistature
  declared all people free regardless of their
  color.
• Toussaint Louverture successfully helped the
  french win battles against the spanish.
• He became the master of the Island but wanted
  Saint Domingue to be an autonomous entity.
• He wrote a constitution for Saint Domingue in
  1801 and he would be governor for life.

11

• Napoleon Bonaparte strongly disapproved the
  decision
• He dispatched 30 000 troops to Saint Domingue
  with instruction to restore slavery.
• Toussaint was tricked and was sent to Jail in
  Fort de Joux in France.
• The french attempted to reestablish slavery.
• Jean Jacques Dessalines led the Revolutionary
  Army
• The Battle of Vertieres was the last battle of
  the Haitian revolution it occurred on November
  18th 1803

12
January 1804

• Only successful slave rebellion in world History.
• In 1825 Haiti agreed to make reparations to the
  French slaveholders 60 millions Francs.
• This indemnity mortgaged Haitis future.

13
1804- 1957

• Numerous governments Monarchies and republics
  kingdoms.
• Numerous coup and devasteted economy political
  instability with periods of prosperity.

14
American Occupation of 1915

• Goal secure american business interests in
  Haiti. Stayed for 19 years.
• Representatives from US wielded veto power to all
  governmental decisions in Haiti.
• Inserted their control and belittled Haitians.
• 2000 Haitians died in the process and multiple
  other conflicts.

15
The Duvaliers

• Francois Duvalier and Jean Claude Duvalier.
• Dictators Francois proclamed himself president
  for life
• Rule for 14 years until he died.
• Youngest president in world History Jean claude
  Duvalier .
• The Duvaliers used both expulsion and political
  murder to suppress his opponents
• Instituted a self paid Militia ( extortion and
  Crime)
• Instituted a campaign to exile communits exile
  death emprisonment

16

• 30000 people died.
• Baby Doc
• No opposition was tolerated
• He was forced to leave in 1986

17
Aristide AkA Titid

• Former Slums Catholic Priest
• Won the 1990 presidential election overthrown by
  the FADH armed forces of Haiti
• Went to Exile in Venezuela then US.
• Bill Clinton helped him get his groove back in
  retaliation disbanded the FADH.
• Finished his first term.
• More details about the man Was or still is a
  Narcotrafficant. Made about Half a billion before
  he left Haiti. Crime, corruption, seat selling
  election fraud etc.

18

• Social class conflicts
• Wrong message.