GEOGRAPHY

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GEOGRAPHY

• CLIMATE

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SYNOPTIC WEATHER MAP
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What do I have to know about synoptic weather
maps?

• Season (winter/summer)
• Names of high pressure cells
• Bergwinds
• Inversions
• Pressure gradient

• Influence of frontal systems
• Line thunderstorms
• Weather station models
• Comparison between east and west coast
• Tropical cyclones

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INFLUENCE OF COLD FRONT
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THE MID-LATITUDE CYCLONE
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WHAT IS A FRONT?
A Front is the SKEIDING between WARM AIR and COLD
AIR
WARM AIR
COLD AIR
FRONT
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THE WARM FRONT
CLOUDS DEVELOP
AIR RISES
WARM AIR
COLD AIR
RAIN
NB Air at the back of a WARM FRONT is WARM / HOT
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THE COLD FRONT
FORMATION OF CLOUDS
R I S E S
WARM AIR
COLD AIR
RAIN
MOVES UNDER WARM AIR
NB Air at the back of a COLD FRONT is COLD
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TROPICAL CYCLONES
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DISSIPATION No moisture No Warm Air Friction
WEATHER CONDITIONS In front of eye During
eye After eye
M U S T K N O W
NAMES Alphabetical E.g. Andrew Bonny Carl Debora
INSIDE EYE No Wind Cloudless No Rain
DEVELOP Inside Tropics In Oceans Not closer than
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MOVEMENT From East to West Away from Equator Turn
eastwards at 30
DESTRUCTION Gale force winds Pouring rain Tidal
Waves
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MICROCLIMATE VALLEY CLIMATES
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WARMER SLOPE SH North facing NH South
facing REASON Suns Rays Warm thermal belt
WINDS Katabatic Anabatic
MUST KNOW
PRECIPITATION Dew Frost pockets Radiation Fog
NOCTURNAL INVERSIONS in VALLEY Increase in
altitude, Increase in temperature Reasons
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South
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MICROCLIMATE CITY CLIMATE
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CONTRAST BETWEEN CITY AND RURAL AREAS

• Tall /dense buildings Glass/concrete
• Amount of vehicles
• Surface Artificial (tarred)
• Water in drains
• Numerous industries

• Few/dispersed buildings
• Few vehicles
• Natural surface
• Water remain on surface
• Less/ few industries

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INFLUENCE OF CITY ON CLIMATE
C L I M A T E CITY RURAL AREA
C L I M A T E
TEMP WARMER COLDER
RAIN MORE LESS
MOISTURE LESS MORE
WIND STRONGER BREEZE
FOG FREQUENT LESS
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WHY IS CITY WARMER?
VEHICLES

• MORPHOLOGY
• Tall buildings
• Concrete
• Glass

HUMAN ACTIVITIES Larger population in city
NUMEROUS INDUSTRIES
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