Unit 3-1 Chinese Food

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Unit 3-1 Chinese Food
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LEARNING OBJECTIVES

• By the end of this unit, you are supposed to
• grasp the authors purpose of writing and make
  clear the structure of the whole passage through
  an intensive reading of Text 1, Chinese food.
• comprehend the topic sentences in Text 1
  thoroughly and be able to paraphrase them.
• get a list of new words and structures and use
  them freely in conversation and writing.
• be aware of the cross-cultural differences of
  food between Chinese and Western.

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Supplementary vocabulary on cooking

• Blanch To dip into boiling water to cook for
  less than a minute and then transfer into cold
  water to prevent discoloring or loosen skin, e.g.
  tomatoes are blanched so that the skin is loosen
  and thus easier to remove.
• Braise To cook food, usually meat or vegetables
  over a long period of time. Food undergoes
  searing (see sear) before it's braised.
• Chill Keep cool in the fridge.
• Chop Cut into non-uniform pieces.
• Deep-fry Oil is heated up to a high
  temperature. Food floats on top of the hot oil
  while getting cooked.
• Dice Cut into small even pieces.

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• Dry-fry No oil is used when frying, e.g. chili
  or curry paste.
• Grill To cook food usually over hot coals.
  Popular cooking method for steaks, chicken wings,
  hamburgers and salmon.
• Julienne It's a French word that simply
  meansto cut food into very thin strips.
• Marinade Seasonings are rubbed onto meat, fish
  and vegetables to create better taste. Marinaded
  food is often set aside for 15 minutes or a
  couple of hours or even left overnight.
• Minced Chopped till very fine.
• Poach To cook in liquid heated over a low fire.
  
• Roast To cook meat in an oven.
• Sauté A French word that refers to cooking food
  quickly over medium to high fire with little oil.
  Tossing is needed to prevent over-browning.

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• Sear Where meat is subjected to high fire for
  browning to take place in order to seal in the
  meat juices. It causes meat to be soft and
  tender. However meat at this point may not be
  fully cooked.
• Simmer Liquid has reached below it's boiling
  point, i.e. just when the bubbles begin to break.
  
• Stock A strained solution obtained after
  boiling water with added ingredients such as
  pork, chicken or fish bones, shells from
  shellfish (e.g. shrimps, clams and abalone) or
  other seasonings.
• Steam To cook using steam from boiling water.
  
• Stew To cook either by boiling or simmering in
  a tightly covered pot over a long period of time.
  
• Stir-fry To fry small pieces (such as garlic
  and onions) over high fire.
• Sweat To sweat food, particularly vegetables,
  is to cook with a small amount of oil or fat over
  a low fire. The pot is covered and vegetables
  will gradually soften without turning brown.

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Exercise on cooling vocabulary
1. Pasta is my favorite meal. If I get home late
from work, I ( ) just an onion and some mushrooms
and ( ) them in a little olive oil. Then I add
some tomato sauce and spices and let the whole
thing ( ) for a little while. Finally, I ( )some
water and throw the pasta in. Once it's cooked, I
( )the pasta, throw some sauce on the top, and
eat dinner. (  boil     chop up     drain  
  saute    simmer     ) 2. The meat was lean and
tender, and the vegetables as fresh and tasty as
the come.
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• 3. Read the recipe and understand the operation
• Title Wild Rice with Mushrooms Categories
  Canadian, Rice/grains Yield 4 servings
• 1/2 c Wild rice 1/2 c Mushrooms sliced 1 1/3 c
  -Water cold 2 tb Green onion 1 ts Chicken
  bouillon Thyme dried 2 Bacon slice Parsley
  snipped
• Pour cold rice over rice in strainer and lift
  rice with fingers (to remove any impurities).
  Combine rice and 1 1/3 cups water and bouillon.
  Bring to a boil, reduce heat. Cover and simmer 60
  minutes. Meanwhile cook bacon partially and add
  mushrooms, green onion and thyme. Cook till bacon
  is crisp and mushrooms soft. Drain off fat. Add
  to cooked rice. Season with pepper. Sprinkle with
  chopped parsley. Time consuming and expensive. Be
  prepared to give wild rice as much cooking time
  as possible, occasionally it will require a bit
  more time as it absorbs water more slowly than
  regular rice.

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• 4. Some Chinese ingredients
• Soy sauce, yellow bean paste, black bean paste,
  bean curd cheese, oyster sauce, vinegar, ginger,
  garlic, celery salt, pepper, chili sauce,, bamboo
  shoots, tree/wood ear, Chinese five-spice powder,
  coconut milk, lotus root flour, sesame oil,
  chestnut, lotus nut, hair seaweed, pea-starch
  noodles
• 5. Assignment Tell the differences of these
  synonyms
• Condiment, spice, ingredient, dressing,
  seasoning, stuffing(meat)
• Sensitive, sensible, sensual, sensuous,
• Flavour, taste, savour, palate
• Incidentally, accidentally
• Utmost, ultimate,
• Gourmand and gourmet

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Menu information
1. Read the 5 menus and try to give possibly more
information of this restaurant.
2. Tell the differences between Chinese
restaurant menu and western restaurant menu.
3. Read the article on Chinese cooking, and try
to introduce Chinese food to a foreign friend.
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Oral DiscussionsTopic1 Your interesting story
on different food cultures.Topic2 In
westerners eyes, what makes Chinese food
different from others.Topic 3 Check the
assignment

• Organization and Structure
• Part I The differences in Chinese and Western
  attitudes towards food.
• Part II Reason of the international success of
  Chinese food
• Part III The essence/ nature of Chinese food

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• Rhetoric devices play with the sound
• Alliteration the initial sounds of a word,
  beginning either with a consonant or a vowel, are
  repeated in close succession.
• spare, sharply and sensational---one step
  dressing
• Health, humour and happiness--- a gift wed like
  to give.
• Wherever it stands, it stands and shines.
• Please note down the expressions with
  alliteration in our text I.

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• Assonance Assonance occurs when the vowel sound
  within a word matches the same sound in a nearby
  word, but the surrounding consonant sounds are
  different.
• Sharper and garter
• tune and june
• Rhyme Same in the last syllable
• 1.In the light of times perspective their
  deceptive prominence fades.
• 2. After the Boom, Everything is gloom.
• 3. Big thrills, small bills.
• 4. The way that leads to morality and harmony.
• Consonance words with the same consonant sound
• April, prime, bright 2. Aspiring speaker

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What are they?
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Paragraph 1-4

• 1. In the life of an individual, how, according
  to Kenneth Lo, is food different from music, a
  lecture or conversation, or matters of business?
• 2. How does Lo make his point clear?
• 3. Why, according to the writer, do the
  Westerners find it difficult to answer Los
  questions?
• 4. What is Chinese attitude toward food?
• 5 What does to eat with a capital E mean?

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profoundly, smother, indifferent, attend to,
ecstasy, derive from

• His company helps employees ____ their elderly
  relatives.
• 2. He is ____ to praise or blame, about success
  or failure.
• 3. He could hardly calm down after that ____
  disturbing experience.
• 4. They went into ____ over the view.
• 5. The story ____ a very common folktale.
• 6. The Pasta ____ with a creamy sauce.

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Paragraph 5-6

• 1. Why does the writer mention from Hong Kong to
  Honolulu to Hoboken to Huddersfield?
• 2. What has helped the spread of Chinese food to
  the rest of the world?

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assert, bedeck, crucial, marked, part and parcel,
inherent, ubiquitous, infamous, phenomenal

• 1. John showed ____ improvements in all the
  tests.
• 2. It is nonsense to ____ that smoking does not
  affect peoples health.
• 3. His ____ influence was felt by the whole
  family.
• 4. He led us into a room ____ with tinsel.
• 5. The medical council disqualified him for ____
  misconduct.
• 6. The behavior of the oceans is a ____ aspect of
  global warming.
• 7. Unemployment is ____ of the bigger problem ---
  a sagging economy.
• 8. The drug has certain ____ side effects.
• 9. He enjoyed ____ success as a race car driver.

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Paragraph 7-9

• 1. How does the writer explain that the
  traditional high-quality Chinese meal is a
  serious matter?
• 2. Why is Chinese meal compared to a religious
  ceremony?
• 3. What else must be pleased besides the palate?
  Why?

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alter, elusive, piquant, contrive, conform to,
palate, fastidiously, chore,

• 1. He ____ copied every word of his notes onto
  clean paper.
• 2. It is a real ____ to stand in line to buy food
  every day.
• 3. In 1862, a technique was ____ to take a series
  of photographs showing stages of movement.
• 4. The coat was too long, so I took it back to
  the store to have it ____.
• 5. Though educated, we still ____ some old
  customs.
• 6. Well have a dinner to delight the ____.
• 7. He tried to call the ____ thought he had had
  months before.
• 8. We ordered a crisp mixed salad with an
  unusually ____ dressing.

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• Usage of comma
• Use a comma to separate the elements in a series
  (three or more things), including the last two.
  "He hit the ball, dropped the bat, and ran to
  first base." You may have learned that the comma
  before the "and" is unnecessary, which is fine if
  you're in control of things.
• Use a comma a little conjunction (and, but,
  for, nor, yet, or, so) to connect two independent
  clauses, as in "He hit the ball well, but he ran
  toward third base."Contending that the
  coordinating conjunction is adequate separation,
  some writers will leave out the comma in a
  sentence with short, balanced independent clauses
  (such as we see in the example just given). If
  there is ever any doubt, however, use the comma,
  as it is always correct in this situation.
• Use a comma to set off introductory elements, as
  in "Running toward third base, he suddenly
  realized how stupid he looked. (same as No.2)

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4.Use a comma to set off parenthetical elements,
"parenthetical element," we mean a part of a
sentence that can be removed without changing the
essential meaning of that sentence. It is
sometimes called "added information." This is the
most difficult rule in punctuation 5.Use a comma
to separate coordinate adjectives. "That tall,
distinguished, good looking fellow" (as opposed
to "the little old lady"). If you can put an and
or a but between the adjectives, a comma will
probably belong there. "He is a tall and
distinguished fellow" But you would probably not
say, "She is a little and old lady," or "I live
in a little and purple house," so commas would
not appear between little and old or between
little and purple.
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6.Use a comma to set off quoted elements. Because
we don't use quoted material all the time, use a
comma to separate quoted material from the rest
of the sentence that explains or introduces the
quotation          Refer to last Para of textI
7.Use commas to set off phrases that express
contrast.          Some say the world will end
in ice, not fire.       It was her money, not
her charm or personality, that first attracted
him.          The puppies were cute, but very
messy. (Some writers will leave out the comma
that sets off a contrasting phrase beginning with
but.)
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7. Use a comma to avoid confusion. This is often
a matter of consistently applying rule
3.          For most the year is already
finished.          For most, the year is already
finished.          Outside the lawn was
cluttered with hundreds of broken branches.
         Outside, the lawn was cluttered with
hundreds of broken branches. 8.Typographical
Reasons Between a city and a state Hartford,
Connecticut, a date and the year June 15,
1997, a name and a title when the title comes
after the name Bob Downey, Professor of
English, in long numbers 5,456,783 and
14,682, etc.
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• Use comma with caution
• Concentrating on the proper use of commas is not
  mere form for form's sake. Indeed, it causes
  writers to review their understanding of
  structure and to consider carefully how their
  sentences are crafted.
• DontFamous Rule of Punctuation Never use only
  one comma between a subject and its verb.
  "Believing completely and positively in oneself
  is essential for success." Although readers
  might pause after the word "oneself," there is no
  reason to put a comma there.
• After the conjunctions and, but, and or, unless
  the comma sets off a phrase which can't stand
  alone as a sentence. It's wrong to write "But,
  she did get it done on time." Use the comma only
  if there's such a phrase, as in, "But, to be
  fair, she did get it done on time."

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• 4. Some style guides call for omitting the comma
  after very short prepositional phrases at the
  beginning of a sentence except for styles
  emphasiss sake, e.g. not "On Saturday, the
  office is closed," but "On Saturday the office is
  closed." But do use a comma after long
  prepositional phrases or dependent clauses
• 5. To resolve ambiguity
• They went to Oregon with Betty, a maid, and a
  cook" is ambiguous
• They went to Oregon with Betty, who is a maid and
  cook. (1 person.)
• They went to Oregon with Betty (a maid) and a
  cook. (2 people.)
• They went to Oregon with Bettya maidand a cook.
  (2 people.)
• They went to Oregon with Betty and a maid and a
  cook. (3 people.)
• They went to Oregon with a full staff Betty a
  maid and a cook. (3 people.)