Assignments

1
Assignments
2
Back
???? III Ex. II, p. 158
II. Answer the following questions.

1. What have the scientists done in order to detect
   movements?

They have wired the Earth and sea to detect
movements.
???
3
Back
2. What have the Chinese people traditionally
done about earthquakes?
They have traditionally watched animals and
plants for warning signs of earthquakes.
3. How are most of people who die in earthquakes
killed ?
They are killed by falling buildings.
???
???
4
Back
4. What do architects do to prevent property
damage?
They design buildings so that the buildings
columns and horizontal beams are of equal
strength, and vertical support columns are
inserted deep into solid soil.
???
???
5
Back
5. What should people in areas where earthquakes
are common do to prepare their houses ?
They should regularly check and reinforce their
homes, place heavy objects in low positions,
attach cupboards and cabinets to walls, and
fasten doors so that they will not open
accidentally during an earthquake.
???
???
6
Back
6. What should people in these regions do to
prepare themselves?
People in these regions should have supplies of
water and food at home and at work. It is best to
store several gallons of water per person. It is
also important to have something that can clean
water and kill bacteria, so water from other
sources can be made safe to drink. Store one
weeks food for each person. Earthquake survival
supplies include a radio receiver, a torch, extra
batteries, first-aid supplies, a spade, a tent,
some rope, and warm clothing.
???
???
7
Back
7. What is the sensible way to keep all the
family members informed of each other in a large
earthquake-stricken city?
To have all of the family members call to check
in with a friend or relative who lives more than
a hundred miles away.
???
???
8
Back
8. What should be a major emphasis for all
government programs and earthquake-related
research projects?
Education concerning how to survive an earthquake.
???
???
9
Back
???? III Ex. III, p. 158
III. Fill in the blanks with the words given
below. Change the form where necessary.
1. A politician must be able to ________ public
criticism.
? withstand
???
???
10
Back
2. We _____ the robbers as they entered the store.
? detected
3. The majority of the people at the meeting were
______ to the proposal.
? resistant
???
???
11
Back
4. We should always keep the flashlight ______ in
case the fuse(???) blows again.
? handy
5. Without rules, people would live in a state of
______ .
? chaos
???
???
12
Back
6. Experts have _______ an upturn (??)in the
stock market.
? forecast
7. The doctor advised us to take every ______ so
as not to catch cold.
? precaution
???
???
13
Back
8. It was the strangest ______ I can remember in
my university days.
? occurrence
???
???
14
Back
???? III Ex. IV, p. 159
IV. Replace the underlined words or expressions
in the following sentences with words or
expressions from the text that best keep the
original meaning.
1. He has just left prison after doing two years
for bodily harm.
come out of
???
???
15
Back
2. Well pay great attention to the developments
in earthquake prediction and prevention.
watch for
3. The transplanted(???) trees are able to fight
against cold weather.
resistant to
4. Somehow I managed to cover her with my coat
and extinguish the flames with my hands.
put out
???
???
16
Back
5. Dont get discouraged by difficulties. Please
remember we are just new to the experiment.
After all,
6. Where you live can have much an effect on the
way you feel.
make much a difference to
???
???
17
Back
7. The union and the management have the same
opinion about a new contract.
agree on
8. The workers at the airport secure labels to
the luggage of the passengers.
attach labels to
???
???
18
Back
???? III Ex. V, p. 159
V. Look at the following sentence taken from your
reading passage. Just think about what other
adjectives you can use to modify the word
concern and fill in the sentences with the
right words.
e. g. Therefore, building structures that can
withstand the power of earthquakes is a
major concern.
???
???
19
Back
1. The prin____ concern is to get the job done
therefore the individuals who are important are
the experts with the ability to accomplish a
particular aspect of the task.
cipal
2. One pollutant, which has attracted consi______
concern in recent years, is lead.
derable
3. His health is her sole and conti____ concern.
nual
???
???
20
Back
4. Women showed gr___ concern for what they wore
while men didnt.
eat
5. Perhaps this successful example of a real
market showing envir________ concern will not be
lost on policy makers.
onmental
wing
6. In recent years there has been gro_____
concern about the quality of peoples lives.
???
???
21
Back
7. Protection of the environment from pollution
is something that is of glo___ concern nowadays.
bal
8. The scope of study is, therefore, widened from
ex______ concern with parents and children to
include study of the social workers, doctors and
others who are charged with the protection of
children at risk.
clusive
???
???
22
Back
???? III Ex. VI, p. 159
VI. One way to form a compound is putting two
nouns together with or without a hyphen.
Now study the following words listed in the two
columns, and form compounds by matching them up
properly. Then translate the compounds into
Chinese.
???
???
23
Back

1. dust
2. head
3. servant
4. pane
5. shell
6. board
7. stain
8. sleeves
9. cycle
10. engine
11. gas
12. worm

1 f
cupboard ??
1. cup
2. motor
3. silk
4. tear
5. blood
6. saw
7. tortoise
8. steam
9. arrow
10. shirt
11. window
12. man
2 i
motorcycle ???
silkworm ?
3 l
4 k
teargas ????
5 g
bloodstain ??
sawdust ???
6 a
tortoise-shell ??
7 e
8 j
steam-engine ???
arrowhead ??
9 b
shirt-sleeves ???
10h
11d
window-pane ???
12c
manservant ???
???
???
24
Back
???? III Ex. VII, p. 160
VII. Verbs can be formed by adding the prefix en-
to adjectives, nouns or other verbs.
Now have a look at the following verbs and fill
in each of the sentences with one of them.
Remember to change the form where necessary.
???
???
25
Back
1. Dont __________ her laziness by doing things
for her.
encourage
2. The meeting ended in a plan to _______ the
central park into a stadium (???) that is able to
seat 50,000 people.
enlarge
???
???
26
Back
3. A forty-foot-high concrete wall ________ the
jail.
encircles
4. The new test should ______ doctors to detect
the disease early.
enable
5. You will ________ your health if you work so
hard.
endanger
???
???
27
Back
6. Peter thought the world was flat until I
___________ him.
enlightened

1. Please ______ that it is written into your
   contract.

ensure
8. Governments make laws and the police ______
them.
enforce
???
???
28
Back
9. She often _______ the stories told to her by
her father.
enacted
10. She managed to ______ herself to everybody by
her kindness.
endear
???
???
29
Back
???? III Ex. VIII, p. 161
VIII. Complete the following sentences, using so
that.
1. As it was quite windy outside, Jack closed all
the windows and doors ___________________
_____________(??????????).
so that the baby would
not catch cold

1. The candidate (???) toured in several cities in
   the state, giving speeches of his political
   viewpoints _____________________________________
   (????????????).

so that more people would
vote for him
???
???
30
Back
3. Tom cleaned his fathers car and mowed (??)
the lawn by himself _____________________
______________________________________
(????????????????????).
so that his father might
forgive him for his failure in the math exam

• Mr. Johnson made full preparation for the
  experiment ___________________________
• (??????????).

so that it would go on smoothly
5. Ill give you all the facts___________________
__________(?????????).
so that you can judge
for yourself
???
???
31
Back
???? III Ex. IX, p. 161
IX. Combine the following sentences using which.
???
???
32
Back

• She cycled from Shanghai to Beijing.
• That is pretty good for a woman of 50.
  

She cycled from Shanghai to Beijing, which is
pretty good for a woman of 50.
2. He wore his swimming things in the office.
That shocked his boss a great deal.

He wore his swimming things in the office,
which shocked his boss a great deal.
???
???
33
Back
3. They ran out of drink. That actually
didnt bother me because I wasnt drinking.
They ran out of drink, which actually didnt
bother me because I wasnt drinking.
4. They will win the match. That will please
my brother.
They will win the match, which will please
my brother.
???
???
34
Back
5. She borrowed a book on literature. That
suggests that her literature teacher was having
some influence on her.
She borrowed a book on literature, which suggests
that her literature teacher was having some
influence on her.
???
???
35
Back
???? III Ex. X, p. 161
X. Translate the following into English.
1. ??????????????????????,?????????????,??????????
?????
something concerning earthquake prediction
change their normal behavior
The world has learned something concerning
earthquake prediction from the Chinese, who have
noted that before an earthquake, some animals
would change their normal behavior.
???
???
36
Back
2. ???????????????????????????,???????????,???????
??????
withstand the power of earthquakes
die in earthquakes
As most of the people who die in earthquakes are
killed by falling buildings, building structures
must be improved so that they can withstand the
power of earthquakes.
???
???
37
Back
3. ????????????,?????????????????????????????????
prepare for the possibility of a great earthquake
besides working to
areas where earthquakes are common
Besides working to improve building structures,
people in areas where earthquakes are common
should also prepare for the possibility of a
great earthquake in several other aspects.
???
???
38
Back
4. ????????????????????????,??????????
keephandy
refer to it any time
interpretwith accuracy
Keep an English-English dictionary handy, and
when you cannot interpret a word with accuracy,
you may refer to it any time.
???
???
39
Back
5. ???????????????????,??????????????????????????
??????
during the chaos following an earthquake
It is sensible for sb. to
make earthquake emergency plans
It is sensible for every family to make
earthquake emergency plans and all the family
members should know how to leave the area during
the chaos following an earthquake.
???
???
40
Back
6. ?????????????????,????????????????????????????
??????
the few remaining working telephone lines
call to check in with a friend or relative
As the few remaining working telephone lines
will be very busy, all of the family members
should call to check in with a friend or relative
who lives far away from the earthquake-stricken
area.
???
???
41
Back
7. ??????????????????????????? ?
live in the areas where earthquakes are a common
occurrence
be resistant to ground movement
People who live in the areas where earthquakes
are a common occurrence should build houses that
are resistant to ground movement.
???
???
42
Back
8. ?????????????????,??????????????
notice large schools of fish swimming near the
surface of the water
indicate the possible occurrence of an earthquake
A farmer noticed large schools of fish swimming
near the surface of the water, which, he said,
indicated the possible occurrence of an
earthquake.
???
???
43
Back
???? III Ex. XI, p. 162
XI. Translate the following sentences into
Chinese.
1. In both Japan and China, people have long
believed that earthquakes can be forecast.
??????,???????????????????
???
???
44
Back
2. The Chinese have traditionally watched animals
and plants for warning signs of earthquakes.
?????????????????????????
???
???
45
Back
3. They have also noticed that snakes come out of
the ground and that dogs bark a lot, even
normally quiet dogs.
??????,??????,??????,??????????????????
???
???
46
Back
4. Therefore, building structures that can
withstand the power of earthquakes is a major
concern.
??,???????????????????
???
???
47
Back
5. Concrete pillars for highway bridges that
previously only had steel rods inside are now
enclosed in steel.
??????????????????,???????????
???
???
48
Back
6. It is also important to have something that
can clean water and kill bacteria, so water from
other sources can be made safe to drink.
??,?????????????????????,?????????????????
???
???
49
Back
7. Everyone should agree on a meeting point
outside of the area perhaps in a town several
miles away.
????????????????????????????? ?
???
???
50
Back
8. Education concerning how to survive an
earthquake should be a major emphasis for all
government programs and earthquake-related
research projects.
??????????????,??????????????????????
???
51
?. Writing
The Changes in Something
1. ???????????
2. ?????????
3. ????????
(?????)
52
Back
Changes in Great Natural Disasters Worldwide
???
53
Back
????(?????)
1) As can be seen from the graph / table /
diagram, there have been drastic / considerable /
unfavorable changes in (?????)over the past
period from __ to __. 2) To be concrete, only
in __(year) while / whereas the ratio(s) went up
toin __ (year).(????) 3) These changes are most
disturbing, so it is necessary for us to go into
the whys and wherefores of them first. (Para. 1)

(???????)
???
???
54
Back
4) Some changes, such as , result from ,
but many others have much to do with 5) In the
first place, mans excessive exploitation of
has done a lasting damage to , only to
(????I)6) (?????) 7) In the second, in order to
, man has had to overwork , which in turn has
accelerated (????II) 8) In the third, mans
blind application of has caused permanent
changes in (????III) 9) Among these changes are
... (?????)(Para. 2)
(???????)
???
???
55
Back
10) The list of causes could go on, but they
are already enough to indicate that these changes
are producing more and more negative effects on
the world. 11) These changes not only , but
also(??) 12) If allowed to run its course, I
firmly believe / I am afraid, this trend will
certainly bring more harm / threats to our
society / life.(???) (Para. 3)
(???????)
???
???
56
Back
The Changes in Great Natural Disasters
Worldwide 1. ??????????? 2.
???????????? 3. ?????????????
???
???
57
Back
1) As can be seen from the graph, there
have been rapid changes in the great natural
disasters worldwide over the past period from
1960s to 1990s. 2) To be concrete, there were
only 16 terrible natural disasters, causing
300,000 deaths in 1960s while the ratios went up
respectively to 131 and 1,100,000 in 1990s. 3)
The changes are disturbing, so it is necessary
for us to go into the whys and wherefores of them
first.
???
???
58
Back
4) Some changes, such as those in earthquakes
and volcanic eruptions, result from the movement
of plates along the weaknesses in the earths
crust, but many others have much to do with mans
activities. 5) In the first place, mans mindless
and excessive exploitation of natural resources
has done a lasting damage to the ecosystem, only
to invite more floods, landslides and mud-rock
flows. 6) The rare flood to which China was
subjected in 1998 is typical of the evil seeds
man had sowed for himself. 7) In the second, in
order to feed their more and larger
???
???
59
Back
families, people from all over the world have had
to overwork their farming land as well as their
grassland, which in turn has accelerated the
desertification of the land on which they have
been relying for existence. 8) In the third,
mans blind application of scientific findings
has caused unfavorable and permanent changes in
the global living environment. 9) Among these
changes are the depletion of ozone layer, the
worsening of greenhouse effect, the recurrence of
hurricanes and the extinction of more species.
???
???
60
10) The list of causes could go on, but
they are already enough to indicate that these
changes are producing more and more negative
effects on the world. 11) They have not only made
it impossible for the natural systems to recover
their balance but also made it harder for man to
ensure his better survival. 12) If allowed to run
its course, I am afraid, this trend will
certainly bring more serious threats to all the
living things on the Earth, mankind included.
THE END
???
61
????III Ex. XVII, p. 174
????III Ex. XVIII, p. 175
62
Back
???? III Ex. XVII, p. 174
Fill in the blanks with the words given below.
Change the form where necessary.
1. Now people know that the earth ____ once every
24 hours.
? rotates
???
63
Back
2. The bank is ____ and it has opened 2 more
branches this year.
? flourishing
3. To my disappointment, the bad news ____ my
worst fears.
? exceeded
???
???
64
Back
4. It is easy to ____ ones power and thats why
there should be some kind of supervision
mechanism.
? abuse
5. It is the development strategy of the company
to ____ its overseas expansion so as to take a
slice in the world market.
? accelerate
???
???
65
Back
6. How to ____ the technical talents in the
company remains an important issue for the
management of the company.
? retain
7. Mary was totally ____ of what had happened to
her boyfriend.
? ignorant
???
???
66
Back
8. Mr. Thomson is strongly ____ to the proposal
of constructing a power plant in the area that is
densely (??) populated.
? opposed
???
???
67
Back
???? III Ex. XVIII, p. 175
Rewrite each of the following sentences using the
expressions given in the parentheses.
1. Since I am retired (??), I find I am spending
more and more time on voluntary charity work,
which I am very happy to take part in. (now that)
Now that I am retired, I find I am spending more
and more time on voluntary charity work, which I
am very happy to take part in.
???
???
68
Back
2. He has the same interests as mine. (in harmony
with)
His interests are in harmony with mine.
3. That is to say, 95 percent of the students
have passed the entrance examination and been
admitted to universities. (in other words)
In other words, 95 percent of the students have
passed the entrance examination and been admitted
to universities.
???
???
69
Back
4. We go abroad for a week or ten days every
year, but I think we have a very simple life in
comparison with many. (compare with)
We go abroad for a week or ten days every year,
but I think we have a very simple life compared
with many.
???
???
70
Back
5. Since coal is made up from plants, which are
chemically very complicated, its own chemical
make-up is very complex. (form from)
Since coal is formed from plants, which are
chemically very complicated, its own chemical
make-up is very complex.
6. During his stay in the countryside, he
developed the habit of smoking. (take to)
During his stay in the countryside, he took to
smoking.
???
???
71
7. The father was kept in the dark about the
boys secrets. (ignorant of)
Back
The father was ignorant of the boys secrets.
8. The earthquake that took place last week
caused ten thousand deaths and destruction of
half of the buildings in the area. (bring about)
The earthquake that took place last week brought
about ten thousand deaths and destruction of half
of the buildings in the area.
???