Slime mold

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Slime mold (Gymnomycota)
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General characteristics Plasmodium-like slimy
organism Phargocytic feeding Unicellular or
multicellular Somatic stage is protoplasmic
stage Cell walls are produce when reproductive
stage Cell walls are predominate with cellulose
and galactosamine polymers
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Slime mold Division Myxomycota (True slime
mold) Division Acrasiomycota (Acrasid cellular
slime mold) Division Dictyosteliomycota
(Dictyostelid cellular slime mold)
Division Labyrinthulomycota (Net slime
mold) Division Plasmodiophoromycota
(Endoparasitic slime mold)
Sorocarp
Plasmodium
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Division Myxomycota (True slime mold)
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Life cycle of Myxomycota
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Type of plasmodium
Protoplasmodium plasmodium remain microscropic
scale, forms no veins, slow movement and one
protoplas- modium form a single
sporangium Aplanoplasmodium develop from
protoplasmodium, fine network homogenous
plasmodium forming, rapid streaming Phaneroplasmod
ium develop from protoplasmodium, massive
network granular plasmodium formimg, rhythmic
streaming
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Type of fruiting body
Sporangium with/without stalk, hypothallus
usually presented Aethalium cushion-shaped
sporophore without stalk Pseudoaethalium group
of sporangium Plasmodiocarp protoplasm
accumulates in some of the main veins of the
plasmodium and develop into fruiting body
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Type of Capillitium
Hollow tube with lime nodes (lime node is CaCO3
accumulation) Smooth tube without lime
nodes Tube with spine Tube with spiral
thickening
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Some examples of Myxomycota
Stemonitis spp. Stalked sporangium, long
collumella, network capillitium
L www.hiddenforest.co.nz/slime/
photos/photo03.htm M www.hiddenforest.co.nz/.../f
amily/ stemonitaceae/stemo06.htm R
herba.msu.ru/myx/stemonitis/ 25.jpg
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Some examples of Myxomycota
Ceratiomyxa spp. Exosporous myxomycetes,
unispored sporangia
L www.sharnoffphotos.com/ myxos1.html R
www.bsu.edu/classes/ruch/ msa/geiser/43.jpg
Intro myco 29-27, 28
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Division Acrasiomycota (Acrasid cellular slime
mold) Division Dictyosteliomycota (Dictyostelid
cellular slime mold)
General characteristic u Somatic phase is
uninucleate haploid amoebae u Fruiting body
is formed by aggregation of myxamoeba to form
pseudoplasmodium and develop for sorocarp, where
spores are produced. u Fruiting body is
generated without peridium u Sexual
reproduction is formed by macrocytes u
Phargotrophic nutrition u Common found on
soil, dung, decaying mushroom and plant material
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Life cycle of Acrasiomycota and Dictyosteliomycota
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Development of sporocarp
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Character feathers of Acrasid and Dictyostelid
cellular slime mold
Character Pseudopodia of amoebae Spindle pole
body Pheromone Migration of slug Prespore
vacuoles Sorocarp differentiation Spore and cyst
wall Flagella Sexual reproduction
Dictyosteliomycota Foliose Present cAMP Present Pr
esent No stalk cell germinate Cellulose Non-flagel
late Macrocyte
Acrasiomycota Lobose Ansent Unknown Absent Ansent
Stalk cell germinate Unclear Biflagellate Unknown
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Example of Acrasid and Dictyostelid cellular
slime mold
Dictyostelium spp. sorocarp with well-define
sori and sorophore,
Branch or unbrance
L www.pasteur.fr/recherche/unites/
reac/images/reac_fig3.html R www.zum.de/Faecher/M
aterialien/ beck/12/bs12-24.htm
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Subdivision Labyrinthulomycota (Net slime mold)
General characteristics u Extoplasmic
network branch u Anastomosing u With special
cell surface organelle termed bothrosome or
sagenogen u Biflagellate zoospore
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Life cycle of Labyrinthulomycota
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Subdivision Plasmodiophoromycota (Endoparasitic
slime mold)
General characteristics u Necrotrophic
endoparasite of vascular plants and water mold
u Multinucleate, naked protoplasms (cannot
move as myxamoeba) u Life cycle compose of
two phases sporangial plasmodial and
sporogenic plasmodial u Swarm cell (zoospore)
with unequal flagella u No fruiting body
formation
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Life cycle of Plasmodiophoromycota
res2.agr.ca/.../bulletin/ plasmodiophora_brassicae
_e.htm
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Example of Plasmodiophoromycota
Plasmodiophora brassicae
www.hri.ac.uk/site2/research/ path/virus/clubroot.
jpg
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www.cals.ncsu.edu/.../Plasmodiophora/
Plasmodiophora.html
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botit.botany.wisc.edu/.../ P._brassicae_meronts_TJ
V.html