Title: B-Factory Operations and Plans
1B-Factory Operations and Plans
- John T. Seeman
- Assistant Director of the Technical Division
- Head of the Accelerator Department
- DOE PEP-II Operations Review
- June 15, 2004
2Topics
- Mission
- Operations Organization and Planning
- The PEP-II Collider
- Risks
- PEP-II Future Upgrades
- Safety and Reliability
- Conclusions
3SLACs Mission
- To provide a respectful and safe environment to
promote research. - To operate, maintain and upgrade all SLAC
accelerator systems to maximize their high energy
physics output. - To develop the conceptual framework and
technology needed for the next generation of
accelerators and to advance the science of
accelerator physics. - To manage the construction and commissioning of
new accelerator systems. - To contribute to the development of the
technology needed for the next generation of
detectors. - To provide Laboratory support and services in the
areas of our scientific engineering and technical
expertise. - To perform the research and development necessary
to accomplish our mission effectively.
4(No Transcript)
5Accelerator Department Organization
6Other TD Departments contributing to PEP-II
- Mechanical Design
- Mechanical Fabrication (MFD)
- Electronics and Software Engineering (ESD)
- Power supplies, diagnostics, RF and controls
- Metrology
- Alignment and magnetic measurements
- Site Engineering and Maintenance (SEM)
- Power, water and buildings
- Advanced Computation (ACD)
- Wakefield and HOM calculations
- Klystron
- Klystron production and RF
- Accelerator Research A (ARDA)
- Accelerator theory and bunch feedback
7Current Accelerator Program
- The PEP-II B-Factory provides high energy physics
data to the BaBar detector running about 10
months per year. - Upgrade plan is to increase the peak luminosity
by a factor of about 2.6 over the next few years. - Linac beams are provided to other programs using
linac pulses not used by PEP-II injection. - The linac runs at 30 Hz. PEP-II uses, on average,
only about 10 to 15 Hz.
8Beam Lines
9 PEP-II ee- Collider
BaBar Detector
- Use the SLAC linac as upgraded for the SLC for
the injector.
LER RF 476 MHz
HER RF 476 MHz
Feedbacks Diagnostics
3.1 GeV positrons x 9 GeV electrons
C 2200 m
10The PEP-II ee- asymmetric collider
11PEP-II Interaction Region Components near BaBar
LER
HER
BaBar
Collision point
12Contributors to PEP-II
- SLAC
- LBNL
- LLNL
- With help from
- IHEP, Beijing, China
- BINP, Novosibirsk, Russia
- INFN, Frascati, Italy
- CEA, Saclay, France
- IN2P3, Paris, France
- Caltech
- BNL
- Many people from the BaBar Collaboration
- Visitors from CERN, DESY, Cornell, FNAL, KEK,
13Internal PEP-II Reviews and Meetings
- Daily (seven days) 800 am Program meeting
- Daily (seven days) 815 am BaBar/PEP-II meeting
- Five days/week Maintenance meetings (815 am)
- Twice/week PEP-II Group meetings
- Weekly Tech Division Construction Project reviews
- Weekly PEP-II / BaBar Strategy Meeting
- Semi-monthly PEP-II Evaluation Meeting with Upper
SLAC Management - Weekly Shut-Down Planning meetings starting three
months before the down, continuing during the
down. - PEP-II End of Run Lessons Learned Briefings
- PEP-II Workshops on Performance
- 1) December 15-16, 1999
- 2) December 6-7, 2000
- 3) January 30-February 1, 2002
14External PEP-II Reviews
- Annual DOE Site Visits
- Annual DOE Program Reviews
- Semi-annual Scientific Policy Committee
- Semi-annual Experimental Physics Advisory
Committee - Semi-annual BaBar International Finance Committee
- Quarterly BaBar Collaboration meetings
- PEP-II Machine Advisory Committee
- 1) Jan 4-6, 1995
- 2) August 24-25, 1995
- 3) April 11-13, 1996
- 4) January 6-8, 1997
- 5) November 10-13, 1997
- 6) December 14-16, 1998
- 7) October 9-11, 2003
- 8) April 15-17, 2004
- 9) December 13-15, 2004 (planned)
15Continuous Injection (Trickle Charge) Both Beams
Luminosity
LER I
HER I-
16Peak luminosity of 9.21 x 1033
Record Peak Luminosity
17Daily Integration Record
710/pb
18Examples of PEP-II Performance Measures
19 20gt90/fb!
Actual delivered luminosity 90 fb-1
Actual delivered luminosity
Goal set in July 2003
21Overall Parameters and Goals
Parameter Units Design Best in collision Future 2007 goal
I mA 2140 2450 4500
I- mA 750 1550 2200
Number bunches 1658 1588 1720
by cm 15-20 11 8
xy 0.03 0.05, 0.07 0.055-0.08
Luminosity x1033 3.0 9.21 24
Integrated lumi / day pb-1 130 710 1800
Twice design!
Over five times design!
Over three times design
22PEP-II Risks
- Items which could cause prolonged downs or
sustained reduced luminosity for PEP-II - AC power costs (See G. Loews talk) (1 month)
- Many PEP-II klystrons (total 11 klystrons now and
adding 4 more) are reaching 30k hours (10 loss
in luminosity per lost klystron, 1 year to build,
600 k each, 4 in production now, start 2 more?) - Support tube vacuum chambers (Be-bellows, B1R,
B1L, Q1R and Q1L, 7 month down w/o spare, 4
month with spare, B1Q1 spares sum to 2000 k.) - HER and LER Chopper Bulk Power Supplies (1
month, new 1000 k) - Injection septa for HER and LER (1 month, spare
parts for 200 k) - Shortage of Physics (Engineering) staff for
Machine Development delays luminosity growth rate
(44 accelerator shift takers in 1999, 12 in June
2004. The 12 are also involved with upgrade
designs)
23PEP-II Staffing Issues
- The operation of PEP-II is thin (lean) on support
staff due to staff reductions from past reduced
budgets. (We do still try very
hard!) - Experimental Accelerator Physicists are down by
40. (5 people would be very
helpful) - Area Technical Managers down by 33. (2 would
help) - PEP-II Mechanical Engineers were down by 40 but
has recovered by 25. (Thanks SPEAR-3!) (2 would
help) - RF Engineers/physicists were down by 50 but
recovered by 25. (2 would help) - Electrical Engineers are down by 30. (3 would
help) - Vacuum, Mechanical, and Electrical Technicians
are down by about 20. (10 to 20 would help) - Accelerator Operator numbers steady. (Good!)
- Part-time outside help has gone up substantially!
(NLC, BaBar, LBNL, SPEAR, Universities) (Many
thanks!)
24PEP-II Long Range Beam Parameters Goals
- April 2004 2.5A x 1.5 A by11 mm 1555 bunches
L9.2E33 - July 2004 2.6A x 1.6 A by10 mm 1600 bunches
L10E33 - June 2005 3.3A x 1.8 A by9 mm 1700 bunches
L15E33 - July 2006 3.9A x 2.0 A by8 mm 1720 bunches
L20E33 - July 2007 4.5A x 2.2 A by8 mm 1720 bunches
L24E33 - Directors goals
- With good integration reliability and trickle
injection - 115 fb-1 more integrated from Summer 2003 to
Summer 2004. - 530 fb-1 total integrated by Fall 2006.
- About 1.7 to 2.0 ab-1 integrated by Fall 2010.
25Future luminosity increase factors
Parameter Present Future Luminosity gain ratio Hardware and work needed
LER current 2450 mA 4500 mA Two RF stations, new vacuum chambers
HER current 1550 mA 2200 mA 1.61 Two RF stations, new vacuum chambers
by 11 mm 8 mm 1.38 HER higher tunes, RF power supplies work
xy 0.068 L 0.045 H 0.079 L 0.053 H 1.16 Tune plane, coupling, IR work
Parasitic Dx 3.22 mm 3.80 mm 1.08 B1 magnet change
Total x 2.78
26PEP-II Future Luminosity Parameters
bx by ex ey n I sx sy Lumi xx xy
Units cm mm nm nm mA microns microns x1E33
LER now 43 11 30 1.3 1588 2450 114 3.8 9.21 0.065 0.069
LER 2007 28 8 60 1.35 1715 4500 130 3.3 24.0 0.071 0.078
HER now 33 11 60 1.4 1588 1450 141 3.9 9.21 0.045 0.045
HER 2007 28 8 60 1.4 1715 2200 130 3.3 24.0 0.050 0.056
27PEP-II Bunch Length Factors
I RF stations Number cavities Total Volts Je Alpha ns sz natural Bunch lenth-ening sz final
Units mA MV mm mm
LER now 2400 3 6 3.8 2.0 0.00123 0.0286 11.0 1.08 11.9
LER 2006 4500 5 10 7.7 2.0 0.00123 0.0407 7.7 1.16 9.0
HER now 1400 8 26 15.8 2.0 0.00241 0.0482 11.1 1.05 11.6
HER 2006 2200 10 26 18.7 2.2 0.00170 0.0441 8.1 1.10 9.0
28AIP Upgrades for SLAC Lehman Base 2 June 2004
Fiscal Year PEP-II Radio-Frequency RF System PEP-II Vacuum System PEP-II Magnet, PS, Instruments, Feedback Linac, DR, Gun, BSY, FFTB, PPS Total (k)
2003 2234 300 766 0 3300
2004 2948 1396 2356 100 6800
2005 3248 1980 772 0 6000
2006 3332 1413 1255 0 6000
2007 1813 2537 1365 285 6000
2008 1087 500 500 3913 6000
2009 0 0 0 6000 6000
29Expected PEP-II Delivered Integrated Luminosity
Delivered as of end of fiscal year SLAC Field Task Proposal SLAC Lehman 2 Base
FY2004 253/fb 253/fb
FY2005 392 392
FY2006 545 534
FY2007 855 802
FY2008 1216 1130
FY2009 1577 1462
FY2010 1939 1795
30Over all PEP-II Down Schedule 2004-2010
- 2004 down August 1 to October 15 for BaBar IFR.
- 2005 down July 1 to December 31 for BaBar IFR
and PEP-II support tube. - 2006 down August-September.
- 2007 down August-September.
- 2008 down August-September.
- 2009 down August-September.
- Every downtime is planned in great detail.
31Citizen Committees and Subject Matter Experts
- Safety Overview
- Radiation Safety
- Non-Ionizing Radiation Safety
- Hazardous Experimental Equipment
- ALARA
- Electrical Safety
- Earthquake Safety
- Fire Protection Safety
- Hoisting and Rigging Safety
- Environmental Safety
- Radiation Safety Officer
- Laser Safety Officer
- Electrical Safety Officer
- Fire Marshal
- Crane Inspector
- ESH Environmental Protection Department
- ESH OSHA Experts
- ESH Industrial Hygienists
- Emergency Management Coordinator
32Documentation Hierarchy
33Accelerator Department Safety and Operations
Documents
- Accelerator Operations BAS Key and Lock
Procedures Hot Sheet - Accelerator Operations BAS Instructions Incident
Response Procedures - Alarm Response Procedures Laser Safety
Procedures - Arcs PPS Log Linac etc Building Emergency Plan
- Beam Containment System Procedures Linac PPS Log
- BSOIC Certification Checklists Logging
Requirement for Work - BSY PPS Log MCC Building Manager Checklists
- CID PPS Log MCC Emergency Plan
- DRIP/DR PPS Log MCC Key Safe Checkout
- Electrical Hazard Test Procedures PEP PPS Log
- Emergency Notification Form PEP PPS Overview
- Entry and Exit Procedures PLS Keys Procedures
and Log - Equipment Checkout Log Positron PPS Log
- ESA PPS Log PPS Interlock Checklists
- FFTB PPS Log PPS Zone Maps
- Final Focus PPS Log Safety Configuration
Control - Fire Alarm System Reference Manual Safety
Inspection Checklists - Guidelines for Work in SLAC Accelerator
Housings Search Procedures - Gun Test Lab Safety Procedure VVS Remote
Turn-on Procedure
34ARTEMIS (Maintenance )
- ARTEMIS (Accelerator Remedy Trouble Entry and
Maintenance Information System) is an Oracle
database with a Remedy interface, accessible over
the internet by everyone involved with SLAC
accelerator maintenance. - Operators report problems as they occur by making
entries in ARTEMIS. - Repair work is launched immediately if the
problem is inhibiting the scheduled accelerator
program. - New ARTEMIS entries are reviewed at the daily
maintenance meeting. Open questions are
addressed and jobs are assigned. - Jobs may be assigned to the Standby Maintenance
List (SML), or to the Repair Opportunity Day
(ROD) list, or marked for the next long down
time. - Jobs are tracked using ARTEMIS until they are
finally closed.
35ARTEMIS Example
Sample from the June 10 maintenance meeting.
36Assessment of Accelerator Time
37General In-depth Accelerator Self-Assessments
- 2004 Linac (includes DRs, BSY, ESA)
- 2003 GTL, GTF, HVTF, ASTA
- 2002 SPEAR
- 2001 NLCTA
- 2000 PEP II
- 1999 Linac
38 Conclusions
- PEP-II has reached a luminosity of 9.2 x
1033/cm2/s with trickle injection. - PEP-II has integrated 710 pb-1 in one day.
- PEP-II has delivered a total of over 230/fb so
far! - Near term and long range upgrades are going well.
- Progress for upgrades towards 2.4 x 1034 are on
track. - PEP-II collider has a good safety record.
- We work daily to make it better.
- We have internal and external reviews of our
program. - We set yearly performance goals and track them
daily-weekly-monthly. - We perform regular in-depth safety reviews of all
our accelerators. - We are actively working to make our accelerator
more reliable.