Reducing HIV Stigma

1
Reducing HIV Stigma Discrimination A Framework
for Program Implementation Measurement
DRIVERS

• Lack of Awareness
• Fear of HIV Infection
• Fear of Social Ramifications
• Fear of Economic Ramifications

Social Judgment
Quality of Life HIV Incidence HIV
Prevalence Morbidity Mortality
Behaviors Uptake of HIV Services Uptake of
Support Services
Anticipated Stigma Internalized
Stigma Experienced Stigma
Other Stigmas
Intersecting Stigmas
Discrimination
HIV Stigma
Cultural
Institutional
FACILITATORS
Individual and Community
2
Reducing HIV Stigma Discrimination A Framework
for Program Implementation Measurement
Stigma Marking
Stigma Manifestations (Domains)
Impacts
Stigma Outcomes
Actionable Drivers

• Lack of Awareness
• Of stigma
• Of harmful consequences
• Fear of HIV Infection
• Lack of knowledge
• Irrational fears
• Fear of Social Ramifications
• Own family
• Community
• Fear of Economic Ramifications
• Of illness and death
• Of loss of livelihood

• Social Judgment
• Prejudice stereotypes regarding
• HIV status
• Drug use
• Sexual behavior
• Sex work
• Gender
• Age

Behaviors Risk Behavior Disclosure Adherence
Uptake of HIV Services Testing Prevention
Care Treatment Uptake of Support Services
Psychosocial Legal Economic
Quality of Life HIV Incidence HIV
Prevalence Morbidity Mortality
Anticipated Stigma Internalized
Stigma Experienced Stigma (outside legal purview)
Discrimination (within legal purview)
Actionable Facilitators

• Institutional
• Laws, policies, policy environments
• Institutions (i.e. healthcare, government,
  schools, police, religious, media)

• Individual Community
• Power
• Social support
• Social assertiveness
• Resilience

• Cultural
• Gender culture
• Sexual culture
• Health beliefs
• Ethics morality