Pulmonary Dysfunction

1
Pulmonary Dysfunction
2
Pulmonary Pain Patterns

• Pulmonary pain usually increases with inspiratory
  movements
• Presence of associated symptoms
• Consider a pulmonary cause
• Pleural pain patterns
• Autosplinting

3
Chronic Lung Diseases

• Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

4
Definitions

• According to the American Thoracic Society
• Chronic Bronchitis
• Emphysema
• Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung
  Disease (GOLD) defines COPD as a disease state
  characterized by airflow limitation that is not
  fully reversible. The airflow limitation is
  usually both progressive and associated with an
  abnormal inflammatory response of the lungs to
  noxious particles or gases.

5
Smoking
6
Smoking Damage
7
Smoking and the Media
8
Benefits of Quitting Smoking

• Within three months
• Blood pressure decreases
• Pulse rate drops
• Carbon monoxide levels drop
• Oxygen levels in blood increase
• Ability to smell and taste enhanced
• Circulation improves
• Lung function increases

9
Pathophysiology of COPD
10
(No Transcript)
11
Clinical Presentation of COPD
12
Prognosis
13
Acute Bronchitis
14
Chronic Bronchitis
15
Bronchiectasis
16
Emphysema
17
Asthma
18
Exercise Induced Asthma
19
Cystic Fibrosis
20
Cystic Fibrosis
21
Cystic Fibrosis
22
Restrictive Lung Disease
23
Pneumonia
24
Tuberculosis
25
TB Transmission
26
Scleroderma
27
Lung Cancer
28
Lung Cancer
29
Lung Cancer Rehabilitation
30
Occupational Lung Diseases
31
Pulmonary Embolism
32
Filter to Prevent PE
33
Pulmonary Artery Hypertension
34
Pleurisy
35
Pneumothorax
36
Pulmonary Edema
37
Atelectasis
38
Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome
39
Pleural Effusion
40
Sarcoidosis
41
Neuromuscular Causes of Restrictive Lung
Dysfunction

• Spinal Cord Injury
• Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
• Poliomyelitis
• Guillain-Barre Syndrome
• Myasthenia Gravis
• Tetanus
• Duchennes Muscular Dystrophy

42
Fatigue in Hemiplegia
43
Musculoskeletal Causes of Restrictive Lung
Dysfunction

• Diaphragmatic Paralysis or Paresis
• Kyphoscoliosis
• Ankylosing Spondylitis
• Pectus Excavatum
• Pectus Carinatum

44
Trauma Induced Restrictive Lung Dysfunction

• Rib Fractures
• Flail Chest
• Lung Contusion

45
Lung Transplantation
46
Obstructive Sleep Apnea
47
Other Causes of Restrictive Lung Disease

• Pregnancy
• Poisons
• Anesthetics
• Muscle Relaxants
• Drug Therapy
• Prolonged High Concentrations of Oxygen
• Obesity
• Diabetes Mellitus

48
Pharmacological Management

• Bronchodilators
• Anti-inflammatory
• Antibiotics
• Decongestants
• Antihistamines
• Antitussives
• Mucokinetics

49
Supplemental Oxygen
50
Surgical Management

• Lung Resection
• Lung Volume Reduction
• Lung Transplantation

51
Physical Therapy Management

• Patient Education
• Secretion Clearance
• Breathing Techniques
• Exercise Prescription
• Functional Training
• Energy Conservation

52
End of Life Issues

• Advance Directives
• Living Will
• Healthcare Surrogate (proxy)
• Hospice Care

53
(No Transcript)