Bangalore

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Bangalores water resources
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A common sight
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We see enough of this too
Source http//www.flickr.com/photos/jpjoshi/46161
08862/
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Is there a water problem in the city?
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How much do we know at a local level

• Population?
• Approximately how much water is supplied to the
  city?
• What are the sources of water supply?
• What of water comes from these 2 major sources?
• Approximately how much water is lost?
• Whats the extent of the shortfall?
• How many water treatment plants does the city
  have?
• How much water is treated on a daily basis?
• How much sewage is generated on a daily basis?
• How many sewage treatment plants are there in the
  city?

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8 million by 2011
2011
7.9 million
2001
5.76 million
1991
4.5 million
Source Dept of Economics and Statistics, Govt of
Karnataka statistics for Bangalore Urban district
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Is what we consume
1150 million litres per day
79 met by surface water (900 MLD)
21 met by groundwater (250 MLD)
5 functional water treatment plants 4 Cauvery, 1
TG Halli (Arkavathy)
Losses 43
400 million litres /day
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Water supply per capita

• CPHEEO (Central Public Health and Environmental
  Engineering Organization) suggests that water
  supply for metro cities should be 150 lpcd
  (litres per capita per day)
• Existing supply is 110 - 120 lpcd

Source www.bwssb.org
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Demand supply gap
Even after the final stage of Cauvery water
supply is implemented, Supply 1500 MLD
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Sewage
No. of working STPs (sewage
treatment plants)
12 secondary treatment plants 4 tertiary
treatment plants
920 MLD generated
720 MLD treated
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Where does the treated and untreated sewage go?
To the Vrishabhavati and Ponniyar basins.
Downstream of Bangalore, these would be
freshwater sources
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Where does the treated and untreated sewage go?
Water from the Vrishabhavati and Ponniyar basins
are also used for agriculture, downstream of
Bangalore
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Other ramifications
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Our water travels a long distance
and climbs a fair amount too
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Energy
Three stages of pumping Cost of getting us the
water Rs 18/kl Domestic customers pay Rs 6 -
36/kl
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Has this been the case from ages?
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We were
A city of tanks and lakes
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(No Transcript)
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A city of bus stands, bazaars, stadiums
we are
Dharmambudi tank Challaghatta tank Koramangala
tank Sampangi tank Siddikatte lake Karanji tank
Chennamma tank Kempambudhi tank Akkithimmanahalli
tank Miller tank
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Dharmambudi tank - Majestic Bus depot
Challaghatta tank - KGA Golf course Koramangala
Tank - National Games village Sampangi tank -
Kanteerava stadium Siddikatte lake - City market
Karanji tank - Gandhi bazaar area Chennamma tank
- a burial ground Kempambudhi - a sewerage
collection tank Akkithimmanahalli tank - Hockey
Stadium Miller Tank - Guru Nanak Bhavan, schools,
and several buildings.
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Today

• The city is growing
• Tanks are disappearing
• Tanks that exist receive sewage that cannot be
  handled by sewage
• treatment plants
• Municipal water supply is inadequate to meet the
  growing needs
• Unsustainable extraction of groundwater
• Groundwater tables have fallen

North Bangalore worst affected 300 m
Every year more than 2 m drop in water table
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Other problems

• Hydraulics network is over 50 years old
• 100 years old in some areas.
• 95 wastage through leaks

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Impacts
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Unequal distribution
Cholera
Ill health
Typhoid
Jaundice
Dengue
Dysentery
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Periodic flooding in low-lying areas that have
been built on earlier tank-beds
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Water disputes
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What can we do ?

• Can we run away from this problem?
• Can we move to another place?

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India status and projections
1 / 6 of Worlds Population 1 / 25 of worlds
Freshwater Resources
Source TERI
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Global Fresh Water Stress
Mismatch between regions of large population and
available freshwater resources
Source http//www.unep.org/dewa/assessments/eco
systems/water/vitalwater/21.htm21b
2 / 3 of the worlds population estimated to be
underwater-stress conditions. 3 billion people
may be affected by water scarcity.
By 2025
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What can we do ?

• Rainwater harvesting
• Water audit
• Reduce wastage
• Fix leaks
• Spread knowledge and awareness
• Work on interesting projects that give a better
  understanding observe and analyze

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BWSSBs plans

• Promote rainwater harvesting
• Recycle and reuse of wastewater for non potable
  uses
• Dual piping system for new layouts
• Restoration of lakes to improve ground water table