COMPUTER ACCESS CONTINUUM

1
COMPUTER ACCESS CONTINUUM

NCATP 2005 Expo
Ja Medlicott AT Consultant

• North Carolina Assistive Technology Program

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3 Continuum Sessions

• Identification Basic Computer Access Assessment
• From 830-930
• Application AT for Computer Access
• From 1000-1100
• Integration Multiple Technologies Working in
  Concert
• From 1230-300

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Sessions Break Down

• Identification Basic Computer Access Assessment
• This session will break down the basic
  domains of computer access. The importance of
  focusing on a specific desired computer task when
  assessing will be examined. Compass computer
  access assessment software from Koester
  Performance Research will be presented.
• Application AT for Computer Access
• This session will present software and
  hardware applications for computer access. Mouse
  and keyboards options along with desktop/text
  enlargement, audio text /navigation, and
  text/command entry software will be presented.
• Integration Multiple Technologies Working in
  Concert
• This session will integrate all previous
  discussed software and peripherals in sessions 1
  and session 2 into a working concert Mounting
  devices will be review for switch access and
  discussed peripherals. Eye-tracking technology
  from Eye Response Technologies will also be
  presented by Mel Ellison from Learning Resources
  Assistive Technologies.

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Identification
Session 1

• Basic Computer Access Assessment
• First must review
• Computer Access

5
The Basics ofComputer Access
Session 1

• Physical location of the computer
• The computer skill level of the individual
• To use a computer you need output / input
• (Need one or more Peripheral)
• Know what you want to do on the computer
• (In measurable and observable terms)

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Physical Computer Location
Session 1

• Is the computer accessible from a wheelchair?
• Is the computer table adjustable?
• Is the CPU the box on the floor?

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Adjustable Computer Table
Session 1
A persons positional needs in computer access
should to be reviewed by a PT or OT Assistive
technology can help position computer
peripherals with mounts and adjustable tables and
chairs
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The Basics ofComputer Access
Session 1

• Physical location of the computer
• The computer skill level of the individual
• To use a computer you need output / input
• (Need one or more Peripheral)
• Know what you want to do on the computer
• (In measurable and observable terms)

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Computer Skill Level
Session 1
AT can not provide computer skills!
Desktop / Tool Bar Mouse Cursor /Pointer Keyboard
Cursor
Icon Window/ Menus Open /Closing File
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The Basics ofComputer Access
Session 1

• Physical location of the computer
• The computer skill level of the individual
• To use a computer you need output / input
• (Need one or more Peripheral)
• Know what you want to do on the computer
• (In measurable and observable terms)

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Output
Session 1

• For an individual to work with a
• computer they need to see or hear
• the desktop or computer screen.

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Ways to help to see
Session 1

• (Get information from the monitor)
• Screen Resolution
• Increase Icon Size / Font Appearance
• Increase Cursor Size
• Magnification

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Remember there are two types of Output
Session 1

• For an individual to work with a
• computer they need to see or hear
• the desktop or computer screen.

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Ways to Hear Monitor
Session 1

• To help an individual hear a representation of
  the desktop or to navigate around it.
• Text Readers
• Screen/Web Readers

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The Basics ofComputer Access
Session 1

• Physical location of the computer
• The computer skill level of the individual
• To use a computer you need output / input
• (Need one or more Peripheral)
• Know what you want to do on the computer
• (In measurable and observable terms)

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Input
Session 1

• Once one has received information from the
  computer they need to be able to respond
• Point
• Select
• Enter Text

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How do we Point?
Session 1
A Mouse
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Pointing with a Mouse
Session 1

• In computer access you need to think of moving
  the mouse cursor not the mouse!

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Mouse Cursor
Session 1

• Think of your mouse cursor as your Pointer!

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Other ways to Point
Session 1

• Options for individuals that can not point with a
  mouse
• Mouse Scanning Software
• ScanBuddy
• http//www.ahf-net.com/Scanbuddy.htm
• Gus Scanning Cursor
• http//www.gusinc.com/scancur.html

Can also use Pointing Devices These are hardware
devices Jouse2 NaturalPoint HeadMouse HeadMaster
Camera Mouse
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Input
Session 1

• Once one has received information from the
  computer they need to be able to respond.
• Point
• Select
• Enter Text

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How do we Select?
Session 1

• By Clicking!

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Mouse Clicking
Session 1

• A mouse click is nothing more than a switch

You are pushing or activating a button to make a
selection
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Select
Session 1
Instead of using a mouse click for a
selection you can use a variety of
switches

• To make a selection you point then
• Click a mouse
• Push a button/switch
• Dwell

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Dwell?
Session 1

• Dwell is automatic clicking
• (or selecting)
• Software that allows you to aim and (dwell over)
  a target and select without clicking your mouse
  or switch

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Dwelling Example
Session 1
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Select
Session 1

• Dwelling
• DwellClick
• http//www.sensorysoftware.com/softwareinfo.html
• Point-N-Click
• http//www.polital.com/pnc/
• MagicCursor 2000
• http//www.madentec.com/

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Input
Session 1

• Once one has received information from the
  computer they need to be able to respond.
• Point
• Select
• Enter Text

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Keyboard Input
Session 1

• A keyboard is a device that allows one to place
  text into a target.

This is called the keyboard cursor
Pointer or mouse cursor
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Keyboard Types
Session 1

• External Keyboard

On Screen Keyboards
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On Screen KeyboardAccess Methods
Session 1

• On screen keyboards can be access in three ways
• Mouse Point and Click
• Dwelling
• Scanning

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Scanning Method
Session 1
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Other Text Entry Methods
Session 1

• Voice to Text Software

Voice Recognition allows a user to use his/her
voice as an input device. Voice recognition may
be used to dictate text into the computer or to
give commands to the computer (such as opening
application programs, pulling down menus, or
saving work)
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Dasher
Session 1

• Is a pointing (zooming) text entry interface
• Software that allows you to point to letters to
  type.

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The Basics ofComputer Access
Session 1

• Physical location of the computer
• The computer skill level of the individual
• To use a computer you need output / input
• (Need one or more Peripheral)
• Know what you want to do on the computer
• (In measurable and observable terms)

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What tasks do they want to accomplish?
Session 1

• Get on Internet, Read Email, Do my job,
• Do Homework, Research, Learn, Math,
• Communicate, Play Games, Make Lists,
• Banking, Get Pictures, Draw, Make Movies,
• Design, Create, Listen to Music,
• Increase Computer Skills.

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Must be Specific of the Task
Session 1

• If someone says I have trouble using the mouse
• Ask in moving the cursor or clicking?
• If someone says I have trouble typing
• Ask can you not use the keyboard at all or are
  you not satisfied with words per minute?

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Get very specific!
Session 1

• Example Typing
• What are you typing?
• Short emails
• Data entry
• Long paragraphs
• In what program/s?
• Outlook
• Excel
• Word

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What drives AT?
Session 1

• Assistive technology is driven by the Task not
  the disability!
• A persons disability does help steer a device or
  program but is not the driving force.

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Review So Far
Session 1

• The Basics in Computer Access
• Physical Location
• Computer Skill Level
• Specific Task
• Output / Input
• Point
• Select
• Text Entry

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Questions
Session 1
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On to Compass Software
Session 1

• Compass software is a tool for measuring
  users' skills needed for various kinds of
  computer interaction.

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KPR Koester Performance Research
Session 1
Heidi Horstmann Koester PhD
http//www.kpronline.com/
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Compass Software
Session 1
A Limited amount of CDs are available for
Non-Internet Users Only!
179.00
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Quick Review of Compass
Session 1

• The software consists of 8 different skill tests
• These tests are divided into 3 areas or
• families
• Scanning
• Pointing
• Text Entry

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Skill Test List
Session 1
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Configuration
Session 1

• Each test in Compass has configuration components

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Switch Test
Scan
You can use the click of a mouse or a switch of
your choice.

• Evaluates ability to activate a switch when
  presented a prompt

Can set to engaging Way to Go!
Visual
Auditory
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Scan Test
Scan

• Evaluates the ability to use a single switch to
  make letter choices from
• a row-column scanning table.

Timing Errors
Single letter
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Aim Test
Pointing

• Evaluates the ability to move a cursor to target
  and make a selection

• Targets
• Icons
• Pictures
• Squares

• Selection Method
• Click
• Double Click
• Dwell

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Drag Test
Pointing

• Evaluates ability to select and drag items using
  your cursor

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Menu Test
Pointing

• Evaluates ability to navigate through menus and
  make selection

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Letter Test
Text Entry

• Evaluates ability to correctly enter a target
  letter.

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Word Test
Text Entry

• Evaluates ability to correctly enter a word

You can fix mistakes
Set 1 1 grade Set 2 3 grade Set 3 6 grade
Does upper lower case matter
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Sentence Test
Text Entry

• Evaluates ability to correctly enter a sentence

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8 Skill Test Summary
Session 1
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Before You Open Compass Software!
Session 1

• Make your own Compass folder
• Right Click on Desktop

Click Folder
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Add Compass Folder
Session 1

• Right Click On New Folder

Click Rename
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Open Program
Session 1
Choose Free Trial
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Demo Version
Session 1
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For Help / Overview
Session 1
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More Help
Session 1
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Start
Session 1
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Client
Session 1
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Info
Session 1
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Saving Client
Session 1
You can not make a new folder once in Compass
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Adding a Test
Session 1
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Test List
Session 1
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Configuration
Session 1
F1 will bring up help
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Try it out!
End of Session 1
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Computer Desktop
Session 1
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3 Continuum Sessions
Session 2

• Identification Basic Computer Access Assessment
• From 830-930
• Application AT for Computer Access
• From 1000-1100
• Integration Multiple Technologies Working in
  Concert
• From 1230-300

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Application
Session 2

• AT for Computer Access
• Review Basic Computer Access
• Output
• Input

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Output
Session 2

• For an individual to work with a
• computer they need to see or hear
• the desktop or computer screen.

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Ways to help to see
Session 2

• (Within Microsoft Widows)
• Screen Resolution
• Increase Icon Size / Font Appearance
• Increase Cursor Size
• Magnification

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Microsoft Accessibility Wizard
Session 2
Accessibility Wizard
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Microsoft Windows Accessibility
Session 2

• For Directions For Accessibility Within Windows
• http//www.microsoft.com/enable/products/default.a
  spx
• Microsoft Accessibility Resource Centers
• North Carolina Assistive Technology ProgramNC
  South Central Center 1110 Navaho Dr. Suite 101
  Raleigh, NC 27609 Phone [phone] E-mail
  ldeese_at_ncatp.org

We have free Microsoft Accessibility CDs Five
video demonstrations that provide an overview of
what's possible with accessibility options.
Tutorials and case studies to find out how to
integrate accessible technology into your
workplace. These can also be ordered online

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Screen Resolution
Session 2

• High Low

Larger Screen Area Smaller Icon/Text
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More Visional Output
Session 2

• Change Icon Size

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Icon Size
Session 2

• Before and After

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Cursor Size
Session 2
Within Windows
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Free Large Pointers
Session 2
http//www.ncecbvi.org/tech/vlc/index.html
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Larger Pointers
Session 2
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Magnification
Session 2

• Microsoft Magnifier

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Magnifier
Session 2
Microsoft magnifier is available on Windows 95
and Up
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Magnification
Session 2

• For a list of free magnification software go to
• http//www.magnifiers.org
• My Favorite is
• Dragnifier
• http//www.magnifiers.org/cgi-bin/links/jump.cgi?I
  D74

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Dragnifier
Session 2
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Magnification is not always a good option
Session 2
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Remember there are two types of Output
Session 2

• For an individual to work with a
• computer they need to see or hear
• the desktop or computer screen.

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Ways to Hear Monitor
Session 2

• To help an individual hear a representation of
  the desktop or to navigate around it.
• Text Readers
• Screen/Web Readers

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Text Readers
Session 2

• Reads text that you highlight or copy and paste.
• Free Examples
• Natural Voice Reader
• http//www.naturalreaders.com
• ReadPlease
• http//www.readplease.com/

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Screen/Web Readers
Session 2

• Different from Text Readers

Screen readers gives a visual impaired person a
audio representation of what is on the
screen. The utility is used to navigate around
the desktop and to hear text content.
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Screen Readers
Session 2

• Jaws
• http//www.freedomscientific.com/fs_downloads/jaws
  .asp
• Does have a timed out Demo
• Window Eyes
• http//www.gwmicro.com/products/
• Also has a timed out Demo

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Web Readers
Session 2

• Some Screen Reader can read web pages.
• There are separate web browser readers
• Free
• Simple Web
• http//www.econointl.com/sw/
• Connect Outloud
• http//www.freedomscientific.com/fs_products/softw
  are_connect.asp
• Free Demo for 24 hours of use!

• No review of Web Readers

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Magnifier / ScreenReader
Session 2

• Zoomtext is both a ScreenReader and
• Magnification software program

http//www.aisquared.com/index.cfm
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Application
Session 2

• AT for Computer Access
• Review Basic Computer Access
• Output
• Input

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Input
Session 2

• Remember there are
• 3 domains of computer input
• Point
• Select
• Text Entry

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How do we Point?
Session 2
A Mouse
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Pointing Peripherals
Session 2

• Mouse Examples

100
Other Pointing Peripherals
Session 2

• Sometimes a person can not point or aim a regular
  mouse
• Hardware options

Jouse2 http//www.jouse.com/ NaturalPoint http//
www.naturalpoint.com/smartnav/ HeadMaster http//
store.prentrom.com/cgi-bin/store/HM-3P.html Camer
a Mouse http//www.cameramouse.com/
101
Software Pointers
Session 2

• Software moves the mouse (pointer) for you
  through switch access
• ScanBuddy
• http//www.ahf-net.com/Scanbuddy.htm
• Gus Scanning Cursor
• http//www.gusinc.com/scancur.html

102
Input
Session 2

• Remember there are
• 3 domains of computer input
• Point
• Select
• Text Entry

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Select
Session 2

• Ways to Select
• Mouse Clicking
• Dwelling
• Switch

104
Select
Session 2

• Dwelling
• (Auto clicking)
• Software that allows you to aim and (dwell over)
  at a target and select without clicking your
  mouse or switch
• DwellClick
• http//www.sensorysoftware.com/softwareinfo.html
• Point-N-Click
• http//www.polital.com/pnc/
• MagicCursor 2000
• http//www.madentec.com/

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Select
Session 2

• Remember a mouse click is just a switch function
• Instead of using the mouse button to select you
  can use a switch

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Input
Session 2

• Remember there are
• 3 domains of computer input
• Point
• Select
• Text Entry

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Text Input
Session 2

• Keyboards
• External
• On Screen

108
On Screen Keyboards
Session 2

• A on-screen keyboard is a utility that displays a
  
• virtual keyboard on the desktop
• They can be access
• Mouse (Point) Clicking
• Dwelling
• Scanning

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Examples On Screen Keyboard
Session 2

• Click N Type
• http//www.lakefolks.org/cnt/
• Reach Interface Author
• http//www.ahf-net.com/reach.htm

110
Other Text Entry Methods
Session 2

• Voice to Text Software

No Demo is available
Voice Recognition allows a user to use his/her
voice as an input device. Voice recognition may
be used to dictate text into the computer or to
give commands to the computer (such as opening
application programs, pulling down menus, or
saving work)
111
Name Change
Session 2

• Dragon Natural Speaking was made by
• a company name
• ScanSoft
• Their name has been changed to
• Nuance
• http//www.nuance.com/naturallyspeaking/

112
Dragon Naturally Speaking Versions
Session 2

• Feature Comparison Matrix
• ftp//ftp.scansoft.com/pub/doc/naturallyspeaking/D
  NS8matrix.pdf

113
Other Text Entry Methods
Session 2

• Dasher
• http//www.inference.phy.cam.ac.uk/dasher/

114
Dasher
Session 2

• Is a pointing (zooming) text entry interface
• Software that allows you to point to letters to
  type.

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Morse Code
Session 2
Using a switch you enter code for each letter
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Morse Code
Session 2

• Darci
• http//www.westest.com/darci/index.html

EZ Keys from Words Plus allows Morse Code entry
on their on screen keyboard
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Summary
Session 2
Computer Output and Input access is accomplish
with either software and or hardware

• Domains of Computer Access
• Output and Input
• Point
• Select
• Text Entry

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Questions
Session 2

• Lets play with some
• Software and Hardware

119
Computer Desktop
Session 2
120
3 Continuum Sessions
Session 3

• Identification Basic Computer Access Assessment
• From 830-930
• Application AT for Computer Access
• From 1000-1100
• Integration Multiple Technologies Working in
  Concert
• From 1230-300

121
Review Past Sessions
Session 3

• Pass sessions went over
• basic computer access
• software can help one
• See or Hear the Monitor
• Output

122
Review Past Sessions
Session 3

• Pass session reviewed
• basic computer access
• Software and Hardware can help with
• Input
• Pointing
• Selecting
• Text Entry

123
Compass Software
Session 3
Assessment tool for computer access

• We also reviewed a software program
• Compass
• Which consists of 8 tests that measures the
  skills needed for
• Pointing
• Selecting
• Text Entry

124
Integration
Session 3

• In this we will integrate this assessment
  software (Compass)
• with
• Access Software and Hardware devices

But first lets review mounting devices
125
Mounts
Session 3

• What do you mount for computer access?
• Peripherals
• Monitors
• Keyboards
• Mouse/Pointers
• Switches for Selection

126
Mounts
Session 2

• Resources for Mounts
• http//www.daessy.com/dss/kits/dssk.html
• http//www.cjt-yes.com/
• http//www.rjcooper.com/index.html
• http//www.ablenetinc.com/

127
Mounts
Session 2
The same mount is sometimes called different names
Slim Arm
Magic Arm
Mighty Mount
Universal Switch Mounting System
128
Mounts
Session 3

• Choosing a Mount

129
Mount Questions
Session 3

• The size and weight of what are you mounting
• Where and to what you are attaching the mount to
• A desk/table/bed
• Wheelchair
• (Power or Manual)
• Square or Round tubing

130
Key Factors of Mounts
Session 3
If your keyboard or switch is poorly mounted
(clamped) it may become inaccessible or place a
strain on user

• Support attached is important
• Your Mount Clamp

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Key Factors of Mounts
Session 3

• Another Key Factor is Distance
• How far away from the mount clamp is the
• Pointing Device
• Selection Device
• Text Entry Device

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Integration
Session 3
This integration is time limited

• Now lets integrate the following
• Compass Software
• Access Software
• Access Hardware
• Mounts

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Computer Desktop
Session 3
This integration is time limited
134
Eye Response Technologies
Session 3

• Eye-tracking technology

Mel Ellison
The ERICA System
135
Questions?
Ja Medlicott 910-790-3468 jmedlicott_at_ncatp.org
www.ncatp.org