Sand Mining Pool Eutrophication (Vale do Para

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• Sand Mining Pool Eutrophication (Vale do Paraíba,
  São Paulo, Brazil) Preliminary Assessment
• M.R. Aquino-Silva (1), P.R. C. Leone (2),
  E.J.B.Bastos (1)
• Instituto de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, Univap,
  Shishima Hifumi Av., 2911 - São José dos Campos,
  SP, Brazil
• Faculdade de Engenharias, Arquitetura e
  Urbanismo, Univap, Shishima Hifumi Av., 2911São
  José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
• (55) 12 39471101 mregina_at_univap.br
  prcleone_at_gmail.com ebbastos_at_univap.br

Introduction The historical process of land
occupation has been considered a predatory nature
that resulted in the destruction of much of the
original vegetation of most regions in the state
of Sao Paulo and Brazil 1. The extraction of
sand although necessary, move the regional
economy and it is very important for growth in
relation to the needs of construction inputs, is
an extremely degrading as regards the change of
landscape quality, soil formation and exposure of
the groundwater. After the extraction, the region
inherits immense excavations flooded with little
or no biodiversity. The water founded inside may
suffer process of eutrophication. This process
occurs mainly by enrichment of water with
nutrients, which include the nitrogen and
phosphorus. The aim of this study is to identify
the main parameters that determine the
eutrophication of sand mining pool and propose
actions to minimize this process.
Methods
Topographic maps - Drainage area Climatological
water balance Water analyzes pH, dissolved
oxygen temperature, nitrite and
phosphate Soil analyzes pH, M.O., phosphate
and potassium
Check the drag of organic matter by surface
runoff
São José dos Campos and Jacarei (SP-Brazil) (S
23 12" 54' e W 45 57" 47') - Sand mining pool
area - General view
The water samples collection points
The soil samples collection points
Results
Water physical chemical parameters Water physical chemical parameters Water physical chemical parameters Water physical chemical parameters Water physical chemical parameters
Parameters A1 A2 A3 A4
pH 6,0 6,1 7,0 6,1
OD (mg/L) 0,13 0,18 0,17 0,18
Temp (ºC) 17 19 19 19
Nitrite (mg/l) 5,43 6,83 10,86 22,84
Phosphate (mg/l) 530,33 447,67 112,33 303,00
Changes in concentrations of dissolved oxygen and
nitrite in the collection points
Changes in concentrations of phosphate and
nitrite in the collection points
Amostras de solo
Topographic map indicating the flow of runoff
Relationship between rainfall (P), water stored
in soil (S) and runoff (Esc)
Variation of soil chemical parameters in the two
sampling points
Final Considerations
Water availability in the soil for much of the
year (6 months) combined with planaltimetric
letter indicates that the area of reforestation
is a unit ecologic with potential instability
seen between low to moderate. Thus, some basic
precautions to protect the soil, with efficient
management of vegetation are essential to not
worsening the current conditions of the area as
the exposure to extensive erosion. The water
analysis indicated that the floodplain area has a
strong influence in the process of eutrophication
through the subsurface infiltration of water
retained in this area toward the pit of sand. The
main factors contributing to the lowland area is
rich in nutrients are runoff and use the area for
grazing
References
1 Hahn, C. M., Silva, A. N. Oliveira, C.
Amaral, E. M. Soares, P. V. Manara, M.
Recuperação Florestal da muda a floresta.
Fundação Florestal, 112p., 2004.
Supported by Fundação Valeparaibana de Ensino