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Subpart S Electrical

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... Splicing Conductors joined or spliced by Brazing Welding Soldering ... Lighting and receptacles (3) Cord/plug connected equipment (4) Underwater ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Subpart S Electrical


1
Subpart SElectrical
  • h\extprg\pp\subpts.ppt

2
Subpart S
  • Electrical Standards

3
1910.301Introduction
  • (a) Design Safety Standards for Electrical
    Systems
  • 1910.302-308
  • 1910.309-330 (future design)
  • Safety-Related Work Practices
  • 1910.331-360
  • (c) Safety-Related Maintenance Requirements
  • 1910.361-380
  • Safety Requirements for Special Equipment
  • 1910.381-399
  • (e) Definitions - 1910.399

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1910.302 - ElectricUtilization Systems
  • (a) Scope
  • (1) Coverage
  • Equipment installations used within or on
    buildings,
  • structures, and other premises, including
  • Industrial substations
  • Conductors connecting supply of electricity
  • Other outside conductors on premises
  • Yards
  • Carnivals
  • Parking/Other lots
  • Mobile homes
  • Recreational vehicles

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1910.302 - ElectricUtilization System (Cont)
(a)(2) Not Covered
  • Ship installations
  • Watercraft
  • Railroad rolling stock
  • Aircraft
  • Automotive vehicles other than RVs
  • Railroad generating, transforming, transmitting
    or distribution of power
  • Communication equipment
  • Electric utilities

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1910.302 - ElectricUtilization Systems (Cont)
(b) Extent of application (1) Requirements apply
to all electrical installations (regardless of
when designed and installed) in sections
  • 1910.303(b)-(f)
  • 1910.303(g)(2)
  • 1910.304(e)(1)(i)
  • 1910.304(e)(1)(iv)-(v)
  • 1910.304(f)(1)(ii)-(v)
  • 1910.304(f)(3)-(4)
  • 1910.304(f)(5)(iv)(a)-(d)
  • 1910.304(f)(5)(v)-(vi)
  • 1910.304(f)(6)(i)
  • 1910.305(g)(1)(i)-(iii)
  • 1910.305(g)(2)(ii)-(iii)

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1910.302 - ElectricUtilization Systems (Cont)
  • (b)(2) Every system/equipment installed after
    March 15, 1972, and major replacements,
    modifications, repairs, or rehabilitation after
    March 15, 1972 of older systems, shall comply
    with 1910.302-308.

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1910.303General Requirements
  • (a) Only approved conductors and equipment
  • (b) Examination, installation and use of
    equipment
  • (1) Electrical equipment free from recognized
    hazards likely to cause death/serious physical
    harm to employees 5(a)(1)
  • (2) Installation and use - listed or labeled
    equipment shall be used or installed in
    accordance with any instructions included in the
    listing or labeling

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1910.303 - GeneralRequirements (Cont)
  • (c) Splicing
  • Conductors joined or spliced by
  • Brazing
  • Welding
  • Soldering
  • Covered by insulation
  • (d) Arcing parts shall be enclosed

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1910.303 - General Requirements (Cont)
  • (e) Marking - Electrical equipment shall be
    marked
  • Manufactures name
  • Trademark
  • Voltage
  • Current
  • Wattage
  • Durable markings

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1910.303 - GeneralRequirements (Cont)
  • (f) Identification of disconnecting means and
    circuits for the following shall be legibly
    marked and durable
  • Motors
  • Appliances
  • Each service
  • Each feeder
  • Each branch circuit

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1910.303 - GeneralRequirements (
  • (g) 600V or less
  • (1)(i) Working space about electrical equipment
    (Table S-1)
  • (ii) Clear spaces working space/no storage
  • (2) Guarding of live parts
  • 50V or more guarded against accidental contact
    by
  • Approved cabinets/enclosures
  • Location in room/vault
  • Partitions/screens (only qualified persons)
  • Location on balcony, gallery, platform
  • Elevation 8 ft. or more above floor

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1910.303 - GeneralRequirements (Cont)
  • (h) Over 600V
  • (3) Workspace about equipment
  • See Table S-2

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1910.304 - Wiring Designand Protection
  • (a) Use/identification of grounded/grounding
    conductors
  • (1) Distinguishable from other conductors
    (Usually green)
  • (2) Polarity of connections
  • No reverse polarity on leads/terminals
  • (b) Branch circuits
  • (1) Reserved
  • (2) Outlet devices
  • Ampere rating not lt load served

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1910.304 - Wiring Designand Protection (Cont)
  • (c) Outside conductors - 600V or lt
  • (1) Conductors on poles - horizontal climbing
    space not less than
  • (i) Power conductors below communication
    conductors - 30
  • (ii) Power conductors alone or above
    communication conductors -
  • 300V or less - 24
  • gt 300V - 30
  • (iii) Communication conductors below power
    conductors
  • 300V or less - 24
  • 300V or more - 30

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1910.304 - Wiring Designand Protection (Cont)
  • (c)(2) Minimum clearances from ground
  • (i) 10 ft. - above finished grade, sidewalks,
    platforms
  • (ii) 12 ft. - over areas subject to vehicle
    traffic (not truck traffic)
  • (iii) 15 ft. - over areas subject to truck
    traffic
  • (iv) 18 ft. - over public streets, alleys, roads,
    driveways
  • (3) Clearance from building openings - conductors
    shall have clearance of at least 3 ft. from
    windows, porches, doors, and fire escapes

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1910.304 - Wiring Designand Protection (Cont)
  • (c)(4) Clearance over roofs
  • Conductors shall have clearance of at least 8 ft.
    from highest point of roofs over which they pass
  • Exceptions
  • (i) Voltage between conductors
  • 300V or lt and roof slope 4 in 12--clearance from
    roofs 3 ft. or,
  • (ii) Voltage between conductors
  • 300V or lt and conductors do not pass over more
    than 4 ft. of overhang portion of roof--clearance
    from roofs 18

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1910.304 - Wiring Designand Protection (Cont)
  • (d) Services
  • (1) Disconnecting means
  • (i) General
  • Shall be provided to disconnect conductors (in
    buildings or structures) from service entrance
    conductors
  • Indicators for open and closed positions
  • Readily accessible location nearest point of
    entrance of the service-entrance conductors

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1910.304 - Wiring Designand Protection (Contd)
  • (d)(2) Services gt 600V
  • (i) Guarding -- Service entrance conductors
    installed as open wires accessible only to
    qualified persons
  • (ii) Warning signs -- High voltage signs for
    other than qualified employees

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1910.304 - Wiring Designand Protection (Cont)
  • (e) Overcurrent protection
  • (1) Circuits 600V or lt
  • (i) Protection of conductors and equipment from
    overcurrent
  • (ii) Grounded conductors
  • Except for motor running overload protection, no
    interruption of grounded conductors, unless all
    circuit conductors opened simultaneously
  • (iii) Disconnection of fuses and thermal cutouts
  • Except service fuses, all fuses, thermal cutouts,
    circuits gt 150V to ground

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1910.304 - Wiringand Protection (Cont)
  • (e)(1)(iv) Location in or on premises
  • Overcurrent devices readily building management
    personnel
  • (v) Arcing/Suddenly moving parts
  • Fuses/circuit breakers located or shielded so not
    to cause burns or injuries
  • (vi) Circuit breakers shall indicate
  • Open (Off)
  • Closed (On)

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1910.304 - Wiring Designand Protection (Cont)
  • (f) Grounding
  • (1) Systems to be grounded
  • (i) All 3 wire DC systems - neutral conductor
    grounded
  • (ii) 2 wire DC systems over 50V to 300V between
    conductors - grounded
  • (2) Conductors to be grounded
  • AC systems - identified

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1910.304 - Wiring Designand Protection (Cont)
  • (f)(3) Grounding connections
  • (4) Grounding path
  • Path to ground from circuits, equipment,
    enclosures - permanent and continuous

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1910.304 - Wiring Designand Protection (Con)
  • (f)(5) Supports, enclosures and equipment to be
    grounded
  • (i) Metal cable trays, metal raceways, metal
    conductor enclosures shall be grounded
  • (v) Equipment connected by cord and plug
  • Non-current carrying metal parts of cord and plug
    connected equipment which may be energized shall
    be grounded IF
  • in hazardous locations
  • operated at gt 150V
  • of types such as refrigerators, A.C., hand-held
    motor tools, tools used in wet locations,
    portable hand lamps

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1910.305 - Wiring Methods,Components and
Equipment
  • (a) Wiring methods
  • (1) General requirements
  • (i) Metal raceways, cable armor, and other metal
    enclosures shall be metallically joined together
    into continuous electric conductor and be
    connected to all boxes, fittings, cabinets for
    effective electrical continuity

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1910.305 - WiringMethods, etc. (Cont)
  • (a)(2) Temporary wiring
  • (i) Uses permitted - 600V or lt
  • (A) Remodeling, maintenance, repair, demolition
  • (B) Experimental or development work
  • (C) Period not gt 90 days for Christmas lighting,
    etc.

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1910.305 - WiringMethods, etc. (Cont)
  • (b)(1) Conductors entering cabinets, boxes,
    fittings
  • Protected from abrasion
  • Openings effectively closed
  • (2) Covers and canopies
  • Pull boxes, junction boxes, fittings provided
    with approved covers

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1910.305 - WiringMethods, etc. (Cont)
  • (c) Switches
  • (1) Knife - Single-throw type
  • Blades dead - switch open position
  • Placed so gravity will not tend to close switch
  • (2) Faceplates for flush-mounted snap switches

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1910.305 - WiringMethods, etc. (Cont)
  • (d) Switchboards and panel boards
  • Live parts located in dry locations
  • Accessible to qualified persons
  • Panel boards shall be mounted in cabinets, cutout
    boxes or enclosures and dead front

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1910.305 - WiringMethods, etc. (Cont)
  • (e) Enclosures for damp or wet locations
  • (1) Cabinets, cutout boxes, fittings, boxes,
    panel board enclosures installed to prevent
    moisture in enclosures
  • Wet locations - weatherproof enclosures
  • (2) Weatherproof enclosures for
  • Switches, circuit breakers, switchboards in wet
    locations
  • (f) Conductors for general wiring shall be
  • Insulated
  • Approved for voltage, operating temperature,
    location of use
  • Distinguishable by appropriate color or other
    suitable means

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1910.305 - WiringMethods, etc. (Cont)
  • (g) Flexible cords and cables
  • (1) Approved usage
  • Pendants
  • Wiring of fixtures
  • Connection of portable lamps and appliances
  • Elevator cables
  • Wiring of cranes and hoists
  • Connection of stationary equipment to facilitate
    interchange

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1910.305 - WiringMethods, etc. (Cont)
  • (g)(1)(iii) Flexible cords may not be used
  • As a substitute for fixed wiring
  • Where run through holes in walls, ceilings,
    floors
  • Where run through doorways, windows, openings
  • Attached to building surfaces
  • Concealed behind walls, ceilings, floors

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1910.305 - WiringMethods, etc. (Cont)
  • (g)(2) Identification, splices and terminations
  • (i) Conductors - Flexible cords and cables used
    as grounded conductor or equipment grounding
    conductor shall be distinguishable.
  • Types SJ, SJO, SJT, SJTO, S, SO, ST, and STO
    shall be durable marked with
  • Type designation
  • Size
  • Number of conductors

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1910.305 - WiringMethods, etc. (Cont)
  • (g)(2)(ii) Flexible cords
  • Used only in continuous lengths (no
    splicing/taping)
  • Hard surface 12 or larger may be repaired, if
    splicing retains insulation and sheath properties
  • (iii) Flexible cords - connected to devices and
    fittings to provide strain relief
  • (j) Equipment for general use
  • (1)(i) Lighting fixtures, lampholders, lamps,
    receptacles and rosettes
  • No live parts exposed unless 8 ft. above

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1910.306 - Specific PurposeEquipment and
Installations
  • (a) Electric signs and outline lighting
  • (1) Disconnecting means (electronic/electromechani
    cal controllers) -
  • Capable of being locked in open position

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1910.306 - Specific PurposeEquipment (Cont)
  • (b) Cranes/Hoists
  • (1) Disconnecting means
  • Between runway contact conductors and power
    supply
  • Another means, capable of being locked in open
    position, shall be provided
  • (2) Control
  • Limit switch to prevent load block passing safe
    upper limit
  • (3) Clearance for working space/access to live
    parts - 2 ft. 6 in.

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1910.306 - Specific PurposeEquipment (Cont)
  • (c) Elevators, dumbwaiters, escalators, moving
    walks
  • (1) Disconnecting means - Have single
    disconnecting means (ungrounded main power
    conductors)
  • (2) Warning signs
  • (3) Control panels
  • Cabinets with doors
  • Capable of being locked closed

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1910.306 - Specific PurposeEquipment (Cont)
  • (d) Electric welders/disconnection means
  • (1) In supply circuit for
  • Each motor - generated arc welder
  • Each AC transformer
  • Each DC rectifier arc welder
  • (2) Switch/circuit breaker provided so resistance
    welders and control equipment isolated from
    supply circuit

Not equipped with disconnect in welder
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1910.306 - Specific PurposeEquipment (Cont)
  • (e) Data processing equipment
  • Disconnecting means to all
  • Electronic equipment in data processing and
    computer rooms
  • Air conditioning system

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1910.306 - Specific PurposeEquipment (Cont)
  • (f) X-ray equipment - other than medical/dental
    use
  • (1) Disconnecting means
  • (i) In supply circuit
  • Readily accessible from X-ray control
  • (ii) High voltage switch or equivalent
  • (2) Control
  • (i) Radiographic/fluoroscopic types
  • Effectively enclosed/interlocks
  • (ii) Diffraction and irradiation types
  • Energy indication

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1910.306 - Specific PurposeEquipment (Cont)
  • (g) Induction/dielectric heating equipment
  • (1) Scope
  • Industrial
  • Scientific
  • (2) Guarding/grounding
  • (i) Enclosures
  • (ii) Panel controls
  • (iii) Access to internal equipment
  • (iv) Warning labels - Danger
  • (v) Work applicator shielding
  • (vi) Disconnecting means

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1910.306 - Specific PurposeEquipment (Cont)
  • (h) Electrolytic cells
  • (1) Scope
  • (2) Definitions
  • Cell line - assembly of electrically
    interconnected electrolytic cells supplied by DC
    power
  • Cell line attachments/auxiliary equipment
  • Cell line working zone
  • Electrolytic cells
  • (3) Application
  • (4) Disconnecting means
  • (5) Portable electric equipment

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1910.306 - Specific PurposeEquipment (Cont)
  • (h)(6) Power supply circuits and receptacles for
    portable electric equipment
  • (7) Fixed/portable electric equipment
  • (8) Auxiliary non-electric connections
  • (9) Cranes/hoists

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1910.306 - Specific PurposeEquipment (Cont)
  • (i) Electrically driven/controlled irrigation
    machines
  • (1) Lighting protection
  • (2) Disconnecting means
  • (j) Swimming pools, fountains, similar
    installations
  • (1) Scope
  • (2) Lighting and receptacles
  • (3) Cord/plug connected equipment
  • (4) Underwater equipment
  • (5) Fountains

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  • Electrical Safety-Related Work Practices Standard
  • 29 CFR 1910, Subpart S

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1910.331 - Scope
  • Covers both qualified and unqualified persons
    working on, near or with electrical conductors
    and equipment.

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1910.331 - Scope
  • Contains requirements for
  • Working on or near electrical equipment
  • Use of electrical protective equipment
  • The safe use of electrical equipment

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1910.331 - Scope
  • Does not cover work by qualified persons on
  • Generation, transmission and distribution
    installations
  • Communication installations
  • Installations in vehicles
  • Railway installations

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1910.332 - Training
Required for employees who face the risk of
electrical shock
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1910.332 - Content of Training
  • Electrical safe work practices
  • Other safe work practices necessary for safety

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1910.332 - Content of Training
Qualified persons shall also be trained in
  • Distinguishing exposed live parts
  • Determining normal voltage of parts
  • Clearance distances and voltages

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1910.332 - Type of Training
Classroom or on the job, depth of training based
on risk
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1910.333 - Selection and Use of Work Practices
Safe work practices shall be used and
be consistent with the nature and extent of
the associated hazard.
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1910.333(a)(1) - Selection and Use of Work
Practices
  • Live parts to which an employee may be exposed
    shall be de-energized before the employee works
    on or near them, unless de-energizing introduces
    additional or increased hazards or is infeasible
    due to equipment design or operational
    limitations.
  • Live parts that operate at less than 50 volts to
    ground need not be de-energized if there will be
    no increased exposure to electrical burns or to
    explosion due to electrical arcs.

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1910.333(a)(2) - Selection and Use of Work
Practices
  • If the exposed live parts are not de-energized,
    other safety-related work practices shall be used
    to protect employees who may be exposed to the
    electrical hazards involved.

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1910.333(b) - Working On or Near Exposed
De-energized Parts
  • (2) While any employee is exposed to contact with
    parts of fixed electric equipment or circuits
    which have been de-energized, the circuits
    energizing parts shall be locked out or tagged
    out or both.

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1910.333(b) - Working On or Near Exposed
De-energized Parts
  • (2)(ii)(B) The circuits and equipment to be
    worked on shall be disconnected from all electric
    energy sources.
  • (2)(ii)(C) Stored electric energy which might
    endanger personnel shall be released.
  • (2)(ii)(D) Stored non-electrical energy in
    devices that could reenergize electric circuit
    parts shall be blocked or relieved to the extent
    that the circuit parts could not be accidentally
    energized by the device.

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1910.333(c) - Working On or Near Exposed
Energized Parts
  • (2) Only qualified persons may work on electrical
    circuit parts or equipment that have not been
    de-energized
  • (3) If work is to be performed near overhead
    lines, the lines shall be de-energized and
    grounded, or other protective measures shall be
    provided before work is started

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1910.333(c)(3)Overhead Lines
  • (ii) When a qualified person is working in the
    vicinity of overhead lines, the person may not
    approach or take any conductive object without an
    approved insulating handle closer to exposed
    energized parts than shown in Table S-5 unless
  • (A) The person is insulated form the energized
    part
  • (B) The energized part is insulated both from all
    other objects conductive objects
  • (C) The person is insulated from all conductive
    objects

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1910.333(c)(3)(iii) - Vehicular and Mechanical
Equipment
(Near overhead power lines)
  • Must be kept at least 10 ft away
  • In transit, must be kept at least 4 ft. away
  • Employees may not contact equipment if approach
    distances can be violated

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1910.333(c)(4) - Illumination
  • (i) Employee may not enter spaces containing
    exposed energized parts, unless illumination is
    provided that enables the employees to perform
    the work safely.

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1910.333(c)(5) - Confined or Enclosed Spaces
  • Employees working near exposed live parts shall
    be provided with and use protective shields,
    barriers or insulating materials in order to
    prevent inadvertent contact with live parts.

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1910.333(c)(6) - Conductive Materials and
Equipment
  • Conductive material must be used in safe manner
  • Safe work practices must be used when working
    with long, conductive objects

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1910.333(c)(7) - Portable Ladders
  • Portable ladders shall be of nonconductive
    materials if they are used where the employee or
    the ladder could contact exposed energized parts.

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1910.333(c)(8)Conductive Apparel
  • Conductive clothing and jewelry cannot be worn if
    they can come into contact with live parts

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1910.333(c)(9)Housekeeping Duties
  • Adequate safety precautions and nonconductive
    cleaning materials must be used around live parts

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1910.333(c)(10)Interlocks
  • Only a qualified person may temporarily defeat an
    interlock while working on equipment
  • Equipment must be returned to its operating
    condition

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1910.334(a) - Portable Electrical Equipment
  • Cannot staple cord in place
  • Cannot lift or lower by cord
  • Check cord for defects
  • Cords to have proper grounding
  • Cords must be approved for location
  • Safe work practices must be in place before
    starting work

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1910.335 - Safeguards for Personnel Protection
  • Employers must provide
  • Employees must wear if exposed to hazards
  • Must be maintained in a safe condition
  • Non-conductive head protection must be worn

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1910.335(a)(2) - General Protective Equipment and
Tools
  • (i) Appropriate insulated tools must be used
    around live parts
  • (ii) Protective shields and barriers must be used
    around live parts if they can be contacted

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1910.335(b) - Alerting Techniques
  • Safety signs, tags, barricades and sometimes
    attendants must be used to alert employees of
    electrical hazards

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