Accessibility in Telecommunications - Significance of Global Standardization -

1
Accessibility in Telecommunications-
Significance of Global Standardization -
ITU-T Workshop"The impact of the United Nations
Convention on the Rights of Persons with
Disabilities on the work of the ITU-T"Geneva, 2
November 2009

• Mitsuji MATSUMOTO,
• Professor, Waseda University, JAPAN

2
Content

• Introduction, Background
• Related work
• Common part with Article 9 of United Nation
  Convention
• Current and Future work in Accessibility
  Guideline in ITU-T Q26/16
• Japanese activities in MIC, Accessibility
  committee in Japan,
• Examples of telecommunication equipment which
  take accessibility into consideration
• conclusion

3
Background

• The remarkable growth and advancement of
  information and communication technology (ICT),
  has not only caused a widening of the digital
  divide but has also created a serious problem for
  the elderly and persons with disabilities who
  find it difficult to use telecommunications
  services and devices. There is a need for
  guidelines for this group of people.
• Telecommunications services, span country
  boundaries through networks, so it is essential
  to develop unified international standards
  instead of establishing guidelines for each
  individual country.

4
Overall Scope of Accessibility JIS
ISO/IEC Guide 71 (Released Nov. 2001), which
clearly designates considerations for older
persons and persons with disabilities in the
development of products and services in all
fields, and its JIS counterpart Z8071 Guidelines
for standard developers to address the needs of
older persons and persons with disabilities are
at the highest tier. Lower tier specifications
are as shown below.
ISO/IEC Guide2001 (JIS Z 80712003)
Guidelines for Older Persons and Persons with
Disabilities Information and Communications
Equipment, Software and Services Part 1
Common Guidelines (JIS X8341-1) Enacted May 20,
2004
Part 4 Telecommu-nications Equipment
Part 3 Web Content
Part 2 Information Processing Equipment
Part 5 Office Equipment
(JIS X8341-4) Enacted October 20, 2005
(JIS X8341-2) Enacted May 20, 2004
(JIS X8341-3) Enacted June 20, 2004
(JIS X8341-5) Enacted January 20, 2006
5
Accessibility in ISO

• The Guide 71 in 2001 was developed to provide
  guidance to writers of relevant International
  Standards on how to take into account the needs
  of older persons and persons with disabilities.
• This Guide applies to products, services and
  environments encountered in all aspects of daily
  life and intended for the consumer market and the
  workplace.

ISO/IEC Guide 712001
6
ITU-Q26/16

• In ITU, Accessibility activities started over
  10 years
• ago when work on text telephones started.
• This was extended to F.703 - Total Conversation
  and V.18 for real-time text, video and voice
  communication in one mainstream telecom service
  useful for all. Type, sign, show, talk - all in
  the same call - total conversation.
• In the last study period, Telecommunication
  Accessibility Checklist for standards writers
  (11/2006) and F.790 - Telecommunications
  accessibility guidelines for older persons and
  persons with disabilities (01/2007) were
  developed.
• Coordination with other relevant ITU-T SGs
• Study Group 16 has cooperated with other SGs
  to assure accessibility in new technologies, such
  as next-generation networks (NGN), Home Networks
  and IPTV.

http//www.itu.int/ITU-T/studygroups/com16/accessi
bility
7
Accessibility Standard in ITU SG16 (in case of
F.790)
At the first SG16 meeting in Nov. 2004, Japan
proposed the development of Telecommunications
Accessibility Guidelines.
April, 2005 Q26 Interim meeting July, 2005 2nd
SG16 Meeting Nov., 2005 Q26 Interim
meeting April, 2006 3rd SG16 Meeting
Nov. 2006 4th SG16 Meeting Agreement reached on
Recommendation proposal for Telecommunication
Accessibility
January 13, 2007Approval as Recommendation F.790
adopted after four weeks of Last Call
http//www.itu.int/ITU-T/studygroups/com16/accessi
bility/index.html
8
Relationship with between Article 9 and Rec.
F.790
Article 9, 1 Rec.790, 1 Scope
To enable persons with disabilities to live independently and participate fully in all aspects of life, States Parties shall take appropriate measures to ensure to persons with disabilities access, on an equal basis with others, to the physical environment, to transportation, to information and communications, including information and communications technologies and systems, and to other facilities and services open or provided to the public, both in urban and in rural areas. This Recommendation is intended to provide general guidelines for standardizing, planning, developing, designing and distributing all forms of telecommunications equipment and software and associated telecommunications services (hereinafter referred to collectively as "telecommunications equipment and services") to ensure their accessibility for people with the widest possible range of abilities including older persons and persons with permanent or temporary disabilities (hereinafter referred to as "older persons and persons with disabilities").
9
Relationship with between Article 9 and Rec.
F.790-continue
Article 9 1-b) Rec.79010.3
Information, communications and other services, including electronic services and emergency services. Accessible means of every variety should be provided for emergency calls and confirmation of personal safety.
Article 9 2-g) Rec.790
To promote access for persons with disabilities to new information and communications technologies and systems, including the Internet All (Role of the Recommenndation is promotion)
Article 9 2-h) Rec.7907
To promote the design, development, production and distribution of accessible information and communications technologies and systems at an early stage, so that these technologies and systems become accessible at minimum cost. Requirements for planning, development and design To ensure and improve telecommunications accessibility, developers of telecommunications equipment and services shall comply with the requirements provided in this Recommendation as well as plan, develop and design
10
Process for Telecommunication Accessibility
Standardization in ITU-T SG16 Q26

• In Telecommunications, services and terminals
  are inter-related necessitating collaboration
  with networks. Note that network functions cannot
  be easily changed after implementation.
• In order to include Accessibility Requirements
  in networks, it is important to input them during
  the network development stage. The current
  checklist is very important.
• In order to include Accessibility requirements
  in terminals clearly, an Accessibility check list
  for Manufacturers (Products guide) would be
  useful.

11
Current Status
The rights of Persons with Disabilities Human-cen
tered design
Telecommunications Accessibility
Guidelines(F.790)
Service Requirements Input for Standard writers
Recommendations
Accessibility Checklists
(Standard Experts)
ITU-T
12
Proposed Implementation
e.g., F.790 Annex/Appendix
ITU-T
Telecommunications Accessibility
Guidelines(F.790)
For Manufacturers Service providers
For Standard writers
Recommendations
Accessibility Checklists
Accessibility Checklist
Products
(Standard Experts)
(Standard Experts)
(Manufacturers Engineers)
Related Qs.
Promotion
Governments
Policy and regulatory framework
13
Acknowledging Products Fulfilling Accessibility
Criteria
The Info-Communication Access Council releases
the names and the evaluation checklist on its
website for products which fulfill the
accessibility criteria set out in the Guidelines.
The accessibility logo designating products
fulfilling accessibility criteria
(example)
(example)
- Read aloud function allows user to choose
commands from the menu or use e-mail or i-mode
functions without relying on vision. - One-touch
dialing allows the user to make a call by
pushing a single button.
14
Outline of the Info-Communication Access Council
to ITU-T
15
Users Subcommittee lt Coordinating proposals from
member groups gt - Chairman Takemasa Matsuo
Managing Director, Japanese Council of Social
Welfare - Member groups - Japanese Federation
of the Deaf - All Japan Association of Hard of
Hearing People - Japan Federation of Disability
Groups (Nissinren) - Japan Federation of the
Blind - Japanese Society for Rehabilitation of
Persons with Disabilities - Japan Council
on Disability (JD) - Koto Senior Network Club
(inaugurated November 19, 1998)
16
Telecommunication Accessibility Guideline In Japan
Info-Communication Access Council
(Nov.1998)
Guidelines of Accessibility of Telecommunications
Equipment for persons with disabilities (First
2000.7, Second 2004.5)
International Activities
National Activities
Telecommunications Accessibility Standardization
Special Committee (2005.5)
Telecommunications Accessibility International
Promotion Study Committee (2005.6)
Telecommunication Accessibility Guideline (ITU-T
Rec.F.790)
Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS X8341-4)
17
Measures Leading to International Standardization
in Japan
Established the International Proposal Study
Committee on Telecommunications Accessibility
within the Info-Communication Access Council.
International Proposal Study Committee on
Telecommunications Accessibility played a central
role in compiling and submitting a guidelines
proposal.
Info-Communication Access Council
ltCouncil membersgt Telecommunications related
organizations, organizations for people with
disabilities and older persons, telecom carriers,
telecom equipment manufacturers, representatives
of the MIC.
International Proposal Study Committee on
Telecommunications Accessibility
Chairman Mitsuji Matsumoto Professor of
Graduate School of Waseda University vice-Chairma
n Hajime Yamada Professor of Toyo University
Guidelines proposal
Approved by the Information and Communications
Council (Multimedia Committee) of the Ministry of
Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC).
Submitted to ITU-T as a proposal from Japan
18
Background to the International Standardization
of the Guidelines
The following progression led to the
implementation of the guidelines for
telecommunications accessibility
(Equipment only)
Oct. 1998
July 2000
May 2004
Oct. 2005
Principles of Accessibility of Telecommunications
Equipment for Persons with Disabilities (announced
by the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications)
Guidelines of Accessibility of telecommunications
Equipment for persons with disabilities (First
Edition) (Telecommunications Access Council)
Telecommunications Accessibility Guidelines for
Older Persons and Persons with Disabilities
(Second Edition) (Info-Communication Access
Council)
Guidelines for Older Persons and Persons with
Disabilities (Part 4 Telecommunications
Equipment) (JIS X8341-4)
Name changed in July 2003
International standardization activities of
telecommunications accessibility guidelines at
ITU-T
19
Direction of Activities by the Ministry of
Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC) in Japan

• Promote ICT utilization suitable for individual
  users based on universal design and in
  combination with support on an individual basis,
  meeting the specific characteristics and needs of
  the elderly and disabled.
• Promote universality of the user environment
• Support for individual needs

20
Promote universality of the user environment

• Develop an environment that facilitates
  utilization of ICT for everyone including the
  elderly and disabled
• Ensure accessibility in information
  communications
• Develop and disseminate guidelines for
  
  information
  communication Devices and Web content
• Ensure accessibility of local public bodies to
  Web content
• Ensure accessibility in broadcasting
• Promote the increase in captioned and narrated
  broadcasts, etc.

21
Support for individual needs

• Develop an environment without barriers unique to
  the elderly and disabled (barrier-free
  information)
• Promote the spread of devices and
• services that meet individual needs
• Provide subsidies for the development and
  provision of devices and services for the elderly
  and disabled
• Promote support that meets individual needs
• Improve information provision systems, enhance
  the skills of support staff, etc.

22
Examples for services and devices support
Telecommunication Accessibility

• Easy-to-see, Easy-to-hear
• Easy-to-see features include a large screen
  and large letters.
• Easy-to-hear features include noise
  cancellation, read aloud functions, one touch
  alarm calling and text enlarging.
• Emergency Call
• A simple emergency notification device in
  which pushing the button notifies a
  pre-registered number, involving Hands-free
  speaker-phone
• (Article 9 1-b/ Rec.79010.3 )

NTT DoCoMo, FOMA RakuRaku PhoneIII
NTT East Silver Phone Anshin SIII
23

• Relay service
• Making phone calls on behalf of a person with
  a disability.
• When a person who is hearing impaired would
  like to contact someone by telephone, he/she can
  notify the center via video-phone, facsimile,
  e-mail or other means.
• Slow speak function Slows down the speed of
  the callers speech without changing the pitch.

PLUSVoice Corp.
Sanyo Electric Co. TEL-KU2,
24
Facsimile to cell phone handsets

• Persons with hearing disabilities can send
  emergency messages from their home facsimiles to
  cell phone handsets of friends and family members
  who are out of their homes, without any
  understanding of Internet access.

Unicom- Densuke-kun
25
Summary

• Approach for ITU Accessibility is harmonized with
  the UN Accessibility Convention Article 9.
• The Accessibility check list and guidelines are
  useful for promoting the Accessibility for the
  persons with disabilities. In order to improve
  its Telecommunication Accessibility
  documentation, ITU-T should proceed to develop
  and publish an Accessibility check list for
  Manufacturers products guidelines.
• Accessibility is a necessary part of
  Infrastructure, therefore governments should push
  network providers and devices manufacturers to
  support the Accessibility Guidelines. Governments
  should play a key role in promoting policies and
  regulations which foster accessibility.

26
Future Studies

• To foster awareness among providers to promote
  development and provision of accessible devices
  and services which comply to the Guidelines, etc.
• Enlarge the range of users by including older
  persons and persons with disabilities.
• Evaluation of accessibility compatibility for
  equipment and services

27
Accessibility in Telecommunications-
Significance of Global Standardization -
ITU-T Workshop"The impact of the United Nations
Convention on the Rights of Persons with
Disabilities on the work of the ITU-T"Geneva, 2
November 2009

• Mitsuji MATSUMOTO,
• Professor, Waseda University, JAPAN

28
Back up slides
29
Significance of Telecommunications Accessibility
Spectacular growth in information and
communication technologies (ICT), in particular,
the rapid proliferation of the internet
More frequent contact with telecommunications in
the course of work and daily lives
Increasingly important to assure
telecommunications accessibility
Make it possible for older persons and persons
with disabilities to operate and use
telecommunications equipment and services with
ease.
30
Steps Towards Assurance of Telecommunications
Accessibility

• June 1998 Ministry of Posts and
  Telecommunications Ministry of Health and
  Welfare Study group
  on the promotion of info-communication system for
  life support
• Proposed the establishment of a Council to
  formulate and promotion telecommunications
  accessibility guidelines
• Oct. 1998 Principles of Accessibility of
  Telecommunications Equipment for Persons with
  Disabilities (Announcement by the Ministry of
  Posts and Telecommunications, now the Ministry
  of Internal Affairs and Communications)
• Nov. 1998 Launch of Telecommunications Access
  Council
• July 2000 Guidelines of Accessibility of
  Telecommunications Equipment for Persons with
  Disabilities. (First Edition)
• July 2003 Name changed from Telecommunications
  Access Council to Info-Communication Access
  Council
• May 2004 Release of Telecommunications
  Accessibility Guidelines for Older Persons and
  Persons with Disabilities (Second Edition) by
  the Info-Communication Access Council
• Oct. 2005 Based on the above Guidelines (Second
  Edition), JIS? X 8341-4 (for Telecommunications
  Equipment only) adopted
• January 2007 Based on the above Guidelines
  (Second Edition), ITU-T adopts Recommendation F.
  790

? JIS Japanese Industrial Standard
31
Significance and Objective of International
Standardization of the Guidelines

• The spectacular growth of info-communications
  technologies (ICT), in particular the rapid
  proliferation of the internet, has made the
  disadvantages more serious for those who cannot
  use telecommunications equipment and services,
  especially older persons and persons with
  disabilities.
• This makes it more urgent to put guidelines in
  place which assure accessibility in
  telecommunications.
• Telecommunications equipment and services are
  linked not only to domestic networks, but are
  connected to the rest of the world. Therefore,
  guidelines should not be put in place separately
  by each country, but a globally uniform standard
  is essential.

32
Outline of the Guidelines (F.790)
Recommendation Title
Telecommunications accessibility guidelines for
older persons and persons with disabilities
Summary
This Recommendation is intended to provide
general guidelines for standardizing, planning,
developing, designing and distributing all forms
of telecommunications equipment and software and
associated telecommunications services to ensure
their accessibility for people with the widest
possible range of abilities. It gives guidance
on understanding the topic of accessibility and
the ways that accessibility may be incorporated
in products and services.
Reference http//www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-F.790/en
33
Contents of the Guidelines (F.790)
Introduction 1.Scope 2.References
3.Definitions 4.Abbreviations 5.Conventions
6.General principles 7.Requirements for
planning, development, and design 8.Common
requirements for operation and usage of
telecommunications equipment and services
9.Requirements for terminal equipment 10.Requireme
nts for telecommunications services 11.
Requirements for user support Appendix?-Further
details of informative references
34
Major Points Covered in the Guidelines (F.790) 1/6
1. Scope
To provide general guidelines for
standardizing, planning, developing, designing
and distributing all forms of telecommunications
services to ensure their accessibility for people
with the widest possible range of abilities. It
gives guidance on understanding the topic of
accessibility and the ways that accessibility may
be incorporated in products and services.
6. General principles
When planning, developing, designing, and
distributing telecommunications equipment and
services, developers should consider older
persons and persons with disabilities to ensure
that they can use such equipment and services as
much as possible. - This concept is known as
inclusive design. If the required degree of
accessibility cannot be provided in the standard
configuration of telecommunications equipment or
services, such accessibility may be attained by
using the product in combination with optional
equipment or assistive technology from other
manufacturers.
35
Major Points Covered in the Guidelines (F.790) 2/6
7. Requirements for planning, development and
design
Incorporation of human-centered design
activities for telecommunication accessibility
(based on ISO 13407) -Clear understanding of
the users and task requirements, including use of
older persons and persons with disabilities,
during the development process of
telecommunications equipment and services.
36
Major Points Covered in the Guidelines (F.790) 3/6
8. Common requirements for operation and usage of
telecommunications equipment and services
Operation -Simplicity operation should be as
straightforward and simple as possible.
-Confirmation confirmable via multiple senses
(visually, aurally and by touch). -Error error
cancellation, reverting to initial status,
etc. Installation, connection and
configuration Should be simple for users to
perform unaided Physical safety and information
security -Products shall be designed so as not
to cause bodily harm or adversely affect the
health of users during operation. -Secure, yet
accessible operation procedures shall be provided.
37
Major Points Covered in the Guidelines (F.790) 4/6
9. Requirements for terminal equipment
Layout of operation panel designed on the basis
of user thought processes and operational
procedures Operation keys, buttons and
switches designed for visual, auditory and
tactile recognition and confirmation. Displays
easy to read text, color-independent display
content and visual information should be
understandable in other sensory ways. Ring
tones, alert tones and voice guidance systems
easy to hear volume and information provided
aurally shall be available in other sensory
ways. Terminology, icons and graphic symbols
shall be easy to read and easily understandable.
38
Major Points Covered in the Guidelines (F.790) 5/6
10. Requirements for telecommunications services
Interactive telecommunications services
-Real-time transmission no delay or minimal
delay with no effect on communication
-Multimedia two-way communication services
involving combinations of different media should
be supported -Compatibility Real-time text,
audio and video communication should be supported
among different carriers and devices. -Media
conversion media conversion services (such as
voice to text and text to voice) should be
provided.
If possible, international standard
specifications should be used in planning,
development, and design of telecommunications
services in order to promote development and
usage of assistive technology for older persons
and persons with disabilities. If non-standard
specifications are necessarily used, these should
be open to the public if possible.
39
Major Points Covered in the Guidelines (F.790) 6/6
11. Requirements for user support
User manuals and customer support centers should
provide information in as varied a format as
possible to mesh with the needs of persons with
disabilities. Information on telecommunications
accessibility should be disclosed in formats that
are accessible to as many people as possible for
as many products as possible.
40
Actual Examples of Accessible Equipment and
Services
NTT DoCoMo, Inc.
FOMAs RakuRaku Phone Basic (F882iES) Easy-to-s
ee features include a large screen and large
letters. Easy-to-hear features include noise
cancellation and read aloud functions. Also comes
with new functions, including one-touch alarm
calling and text enlarging options.
Double screen handset FOMA D800iDS Instead of
the normal buttons, the key pad is a touch panel
display. The two-screens allow the user to change
the size, shape and number of the keys, for most
convenint operation.
Other exhibits RakuRaku Phone Basic (F883i)
41
Actual Examples of Accessible Devices and Services
Please relay your message to the operator using
sign-language on a video-phone or text (via PC or
e-mail).
PLUSVoice Corp.
The operator will make the call on your behalf!
Making phone calls on behalf of a person with a
disability. When a person who is hearing impaired
would like to contact someone by telephone,
he/she can notify the center via video-phone,
facsimile, e-mail or other means and an operator
will make the voice call on his/her behalf.
Voice communications
The operator will make the voice-based call to
the intended destination while you are still
on-line and communicate your message to the
recipient.
The operators are ready to assist you
The operator will relay any messages the
recipient wants to communicate to you in
real-time.
Sing-language and text
42
Actual Examples of Accessible Devices and Services
Unicom
Densuke-kun Facsimile transmissions sent to
cell phone handsets Faxed documents are sent to
cell phone handsets. Older persons or persons
with hearing disabilities can send emergency
messages from their home facsimiles to cell phone
handsets of friends and family members who are
out of their homes, without any understanding of
Internet access.
The message is created on an A4-size paper. The
message is shrunk to fit the screen of a cell
phone handset, so the use of a magic marker with
big letters and thick strokes is suggested.
Send the document to the designated facsimile
number of Denjo-kun. Thats all the sender
needs to do!
Approximately 15 seconds after the facsimile
transmission, the pre-registered cell phone
handset receives the message. It may take longer
depending on the data traffic being handled at
the mobile carrier.
43
Actual Examples of Accessible Devices and Services
Sanyo Electric Co.
Bone conduction telephones TEL-KU2, TEL-KU3,
TEL-SKU2 By placing the vibrating telephone
receiver on or near the ear or somewhere else on
the head, the voice of the caller is translated
into vibrations to the bone, allowing clear
reception of the callers voice. Comes with a
slow speak function which slows down the speed
of the callers speech without changing the
pitch. It converts the callers speech to
approximately 1.75 times the original speed,
making it easier to understand and allowing a
comfortable conversation to take place.
How bone conduction is done
Normally, sound is transmitted via the tympanic
membrane. With bone conduction, sound is
converted into vibrations which are transmitted
directly to the skull and on to the inner ear,
from which the signals are carried to the brain
via the auditory nerves and interpreted as sound.
44
Actual Examples of Accessible Devices and Services
NTT East, NTT West
Silver Phone Anshin SIII A simple emergency
notification device in which pushing the button
notifies a pre-registered number. Comes with
hands-free speaker-phone and other functions.
Silver Phone Fureai S Connecting the optional
control switch or breath sensor switch makes
dialing possible without the use of hands. In
addition, all keys are indented from the surface
of the phone shell, making it possible to dial
without relying on visual ability.
45
Future Considerations
Foster awareness among providers to promote
development and provision of accessible devices
and services which comply to the Guidelines,
etc. Enlarge the range of users by including
older persons and persons with disabilities. Beco
me compatible for aged society and make
considerations for older persons who have
age-related disabilities. Deliberate evaluation
of accessibility compatibility for equipment and
services
Create a society where all people, including
older persons and persons with disabilities, can
take advantage of telecommunications equipment
and services.
46
The Info-Communication Access Council Guidelines
(Second Edition)
Telecommunications Accessibility Guidelines for
Older Persons and Persons with Disabilities
(Second Edition) Date of enactment May 26,
2004 Created by the Info-Communication Access
Council
Scope All forms of telecommunications equipment
and software and associated telecommunications
services Separate criteria designated for
fixed telephones, facsimiles, mobile telephones
and video phones. Telecommunications
services category, not covered in the First
Edition, newly included.
ltContentsgt PurposeBackground 1.Scope 2.Normative
reference 3.Definitions 4.General
principles 5.Common principles 6.Requirements for
terminal equipment 7.Requirements for
telecommunications services 8.Requirements for
planning, development, design and evaluation
processes 9.Requirements for user support
ltAttachmentsgt 1.Disability design considerations
for basic fixed-line telephone operations 2.Disabi
lity design considerations for basic facsimile
telephone operations 3.Disability design
considerations for basic mobile telephone
operations 4.Disability design considerations for
basic video telephone operations 5.Postings on
the Info-Communication Access Council
website 6.Sample accessibility evaluation
checklist for fixed line telephones 7.Ministry of
Posts and Telecommunications Announcement No.
515 8.About the Info-Communication Access Council
47
JIS X8341-4 (Telecommunications Equipment JIS)
Guidelines for Older Persons and Persons with
Disabilities Information and Communications
Equipment, Software and Services, Part 4
Telecommunications Equipment (JIS X8341-4) Date
of implementation October 20, 2005 Draft
compilation Info-Communication Access Council
JIS draft compiled by the Info-Communication
Access Council based on the Telecommunications
Accessibility Guidelines (Second Edition)
Scope Telecommunications equipment, including
fixed telephones, facsimiles, mobile
telephones and video phones. It is desirable
that telecommunications equipment based on new
concept combining multiple functions also
conform to the Guidelines Telecommunication
services are not covered by the Guidelines
ltContentsgt Introduction 1.Scope 2.Normative
referances 3.Definitions 4.Basic
principle 5.Requirements for plan, development
and design 6.Common requipments related to
operation and use 7.Common requirements for
devices 8.Requirements for support
ltAnnexgt 1.Basic function and requirements for
consideration of fixed-line telephones 2.Basic
function and requirements for consideration of
mobile telephones 3.Basic function and
requirements for consideration of facsimile
machines 4.Basic function and requirements for
consideration of video phones 5.Table of design
considerations by physical and mental function on
operations of basic fundation of
telecommunications equipment 6.Characteristics of
physical and mental function, etc. of older
persons and persons with disabilities and
problems encountered 7.Positioning among other
standards 8.Related standards