Building Integrated PV FP5 ENERGIE Info Day / Enerbuild RTD

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Building Integrated PVFP5 ENERGIE Info Day /
Enerbuild RTD

• Tony J.N. Schoen
• Ecofys, Utrecht

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Contents

• Current Status
• Outlook
• European Research Issues

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Background

• EU RTD projects
• EU demonstration projects
• IEA PVPS Task 7

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Market description

• 3 main players US, EU (Germany), Japan
• 4 - 5 main market segments
• 4 types of customers
• 3 marketing concepts

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Market segments
Housing new / existing houses / apartment
blocks PV building surfaces / PV kits Power
stations ground based / rooftop systems / sound
barriers Commercial buildings public buildings /
office buildings large roofs / facades
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Main customers

• Private building owners
• Housing associations
• Commercial building owners
• Public adminstration
• Utilities

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Financial concepts

• Buying a subsidized PV system (-gt buying a green
• or low / zero-energy house)
• Investing in a PV system (-gt based on rate based
• incentives)
• (-gt towards a contracting mix)
• Buying green energy (-gt the utility invests)

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PV cost reductions breakdown
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PV electricity generation costs
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Trends world-wide

• Japan
• current world market leader (57 000 houses, 210
  MWp installed PV capacity)
• successful matching of PV and building industry
  (-gt functional systems)
• shift expected from internal to external market
• limited attention for architectural BIPV

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Trends world-wide (2)

• US
• "catching up"
• 1 000 000 Solar Roofs programme
• National Energy Plan
• added value of building integration and
  architecture less perceived (-gt functional
  systems)

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Trends world-wide (3)

• Europe
• market segments vary from country to c.
• historically focus on BIPV
• market leader in high-end BI PV modules
• strong in BIPV systems development (AC modules,
  string inverters, connectors, rooftiles, ...)
• moving from architectural to functional
  integration

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Observations in EU countries

• Germany
• 42 MWp installed in 2000, 20 large systems
• financing through rate based incentives
• Switzerland
• 1996 - 2000 4 MWp installed in solar stock
  exchanges
• Netherlands
• 2000 2 MWp installed
• 30 - 50 through green electricity
• 40 small plug and play systems (PV kits)

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General observations

• 1) continuous market increase
• 2) shift from innovators to early adopters
• 3) shift from architecturally integrated to
  functional system
• 4) limited attention for optimized integration
  into the building energy system (building
  envelope, building energy system, building
  economics)

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Outlook

• Assisted market expansion and transition is
  required
• Two main market directions perceived
• 1) PV as part of a (green) energy portfolio
• 2) PV as part of a (green / low energy) building
  concept

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Required RTD and market developments (1)

• For the green energy portfolio
• Low cost PV systems
• Understanding of grid-interaction of large
  systems
• Installation and maintenance concepts and
  companies
• Standards and quality schemes
• Green energy labels

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Required RTD and market developments (2)

• For the green / low-energy building concept
• PV optimized for building integration and for the
  building energy system
• Energy in Buildings directives suitable for PV
• Clear grid interconnection PV systems
  guidelines
• Integration into the building industries'
  traditions and modus operandi
• Reduced gaps between component industry and the
  market (reducing transaction costs)

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Summary

• PV technology is available and accepted by
• the innovators
• Markets now need to transform to be able to reach
  new customers with reliable, well-perceived and
  affordable systems and concepts