Extraction of metals from their ores

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Chapter 5.2

• Extraction of metals from their ores

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• An ore of a metal
• metal
• minerals
• impurities

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Processes of obtaining a pure metal from an ore

• Mining of the ore
• Concentrating the ore
• Extraction of the metal from the concentrated ore
• Purification of the impure metal
• 
  (refer to pg. 89 )

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EXAMPLES

• Iron(III) oxide carbon dioxide
• heat
• iron carbon dioxide
• 2. aluminium oxide
• electrolysis
• aluminium oxygen
• 
  (refer to p.90)

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Limited reserves of natural resources

• Ores are limited in amount non-renewable.
• The supply will soon run out if we go on using
  materials at the rate as at present.
• We must use materials wisely.
• Natural resources can last longer.
• 
  (refer to pg.90)

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Chapter 5.3

• Limestone, chalk and marble

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Limestone, chalk marble

• Common rocks
• All contain the same mineral calcite
• calcite (a crystalline form of calcium
  carbonate)
• Different appearances
• Hardness differs
• 
  (pg. 90)

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Limestone

• Most common form of calcium carbonate
• Hard strong, but inexpensive
• Used in building industry
• 
  (pg. 90)

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Chalk

• Slightly softer than limestone
• Used in building
• 
  (pg. 90)

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Marble

• Crystalline solid, very hard indeed
• Can be smoothly polished
• Used for statues, monuments, and as floors
  walls in some buildings
• 
  (pg. 90)

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How were they formed?

• Remains of sea creatures having shells
• These built up a thick deposit one ocean beds
• Under great pressure turned into limestone or
• chalk.
• Mineral deposits were pushed upward and formed
  hills
• 
  
  (pg.91)

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Similarities of limestone chalk

• Sedimentary rocks
• Often find the remains of sea creatures ( as
  fossils) in limestone or chalk
• 
  (pg.91)

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How marble formed?

• Movement of earths crust bury limestone deep
  underground
• High temperatures very great pressures
• Limestone melted recrystallized to form marble
• Marble is metamorphic rock
• 
  (pg.91)

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Use of limestone

• Used as a building material
• Make footpath
• Raw material for making cement
• Glass
• Steel
• Concrete
• Paper .. etc.
• 
  (pg.92)

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END

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