Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table

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Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table
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Chemical Symbols

• Abbreviated way to write the name of an element

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Matter and Atoms

• Matter is anything that has mass and
• takes up space.
• - All matter is made up of atoms!!!!
• - Atoms are made up of subatomic
  particles
• 1. Protons
• 2. Neutrons
• 3. Electrons

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Nucleus

• The nucleus contains both Neutrons and Protons
• Protons are positively charged particles
• Neutrons are particles with a neutral/no charge
• The nucleus contains
• the majority of the
• atoms mass.

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Electrons

• Negatively Charged particles found outside the
  nucleus
• Mass is about 1/2000 the mass of a proton

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Atomic Number

• Is the number of protons
• an atom possesses
• - Change the of protons
• you change the element

Atomic
Atomic Symbol
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Protons and Electrons

• Atomic Protons
• In a neutral atom
• the of electrons Atomic or Protons
• Why?
• Electromagnetic Force
• Electrons have a negative charge and protons have
  a positive charge
• In order to be balanced the number of electrons
  and protons must be equal.

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Atomic Models

• Visual representation of what an atom looks like

Orbital
Nucleus
Bohr or Planetary Model
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Atomic Models Continued

• Electron Cloud
• More realistic than the planetary model
• Describes a region where an electron is likely to
  be at any time

Electron Cloud
Nucleus
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Energy Levels and Electrons

• Electrons vary in their distance to the nucleus
• Further away higher energy
• Closer Less energy
• 7 Electron Energy levels
• Energy Level Added Per Level Total
  Electrons
• Level 1 2 2
• Level 2 8 10
• Level 3 8 18
• Level 4 18 36
• Level 5 18 54
• Level 6 32 86
• Level 7 32 118

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