SECURITY OF CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE

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SECURITY OF CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE PRESENTATION
BY DR.P.S.PASRICHA, FORMER DGP, MAHARASHTRA
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SECURITY OF CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE

• Anti national forces making determined bid to
  hurt
• our economy and impede our progress
• Consequently, our economic infrastructure and
• key assets are highly vulnerable
• Need to secure our countrys critical
  infrastructure

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DEFINITION OF CRITICAL INFRASTRUCUTRE

• Covers those systems and assets so vital to the
• nation that their destruction, fully or
  partially, would
• affect the security, economy and safety of a
  large
• section of society
• The criticality lies because its incapacity or
• destruction may have a debilitating impact
  on
• regional or national economy/security

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CRITICAL INFRASTRUCUTRE

• Includes
• Nuclear/Space installations
• Oil and Gas installations
• Power Plants and Main Power Grids
• Major Dams
• Major Airports, Ports, Chemical Plants
• Mass Transit Systems
• Telecommunication Systems I.T
• Defence installations and Research organizations

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KEY ASSETS

• These are individual targets whose destruction
  may
• not endanger vital systems but could create
  local
• disorder or damage nations pride
• Example Important monuments like Taj
  Mahal,
• certain temples/mosques, Parliament House,
  State
• Legislature, etc.

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CURRENT THREATS

• Atomic/Nuclear Installations
• Vulnerability increases in view of the Indo-US
• agreement on Civil Nuclear Energy
  Co-operation 
• During last two years, more than 50 Pak
  espionage
• rings busted
•  
• LeT and JeM backed by ISI/Al Qaeda are in the
• forefront
•  

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Defence Installations

• Ordnance factories, especially those
• located close to the naxal affected areas,
• merit special vigilance
• In any case, Ordnance factories are also
• prone to blasts/fire incidents

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Communications sector

• Since communication network is very
• important for the law enforcing agencies,
• insurgent/extremist groups as well as
• crime mafia would always want to
• disrupt the system to facilitate their own
• movements

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Dams/Power Sector

• Some of the project sites stock
• explosives and hence their vulnerability
• Many Power Plants located on dams are
• also tourist attractions, which renders
• access control rather difficult

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I.T.Sector

• With increasing inter-dependency on IT,
• failure of one area of the IT can lead to
• failure of other parts with the synergistic
• effect on information industry
• Cyber attacks cannot be ruled out in the
• near future

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Airports and Seaports

• They continue to be the prime targets 
• Carriage of war materials along with iron
• scrap, etc. through the ports is a cause
• of serious concern

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Mass Transit System

• The 7/11 serial bomb blast on the Mumbai
  suburban
• railways and bomb explosions on various
• upcountry trains in different parts of the
  country
• are pointer to the vulnerability of the mass
  transit
• systems
• Delhi Metro and any other such transportation
• network would need special surveillance

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SOME CONCERNS..

• No built-in security component in the design of
  
• most of our Critical Infrastructure
  facilities
• Inadequate manpower
• Near-absence of technical support
• Inadequate sensitization and training of the
  staff

Contd. . . .
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• Poor co-ordination mechanism
• Intelligence cells inadequate
• Lack of threat appreciation by the Management
• Inadequate access control
• Absence of information sharing mechanism
• Lack of disaster management schemes in place

Contd. . . .
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• With the globalization of Indian economy, many
• C.I. facilities now being owned by private
  sector
• Therefore, important to sensitise and
• train the private sector management on access
• control and use of latest technology

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CURRENT SYSTEM OF PROTECTION OF CI

• The security of most CIs covered by State
  Police or
• by Departmental/Private Security
• The Central Para Military Forces associated with
• hyper and super sensitive installations
• Security audits conducted by I.B.

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CI PROTECTION IN OTHER COUNTRIES

• At most places, national security agencies
  closely
• associated
• In some countries, Critical Infrastructure
  Warning
• Information Network in place
• In USA, Information Sharing and Analysis Centre
• (ISAC) allows information sharing with private
• sector as well

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MEASURES SUGGESTED

• Identification of CIs and Prioritization of the
• security requirements
• Need for intelligence cells at each CI and to
  evolve
• information sharing mechanism with all
  agencies
•  Use of technical gadgets for enhancing security
•  CISF could be nominated to act as the nodal
• agency to advise the State Police Forces on
• technical surveillance and other security
  measures

Contd. . . .
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• Close coordination with privately owned CIs
• While designing security plans, inter-
  dependency
• of various CIs must be borne in mind
• Creation of State Security Force
• Designating a Nodal Officer in every State
• Co-ordination and Review Committees under DGP

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EVOLVING A NATIONAL STRATEGY

• Urgent need to evolve a national strategy and
  to
• set up a National Agency to perform the
  following
• tasks
• Conduct vulnerability analysis
• Issue warnings against threats
• Suggest remedial plans
• Response in case of attack on CIs
• Restoration of services after attack

Contd. . . .
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• Education and awareness within public and
• private sectors
• Research and development
• International co-operation
• The agency must have
• Trusted Information Sharing Network  
• Its Sub-centres in each State for
• co-ordination

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SETTING UP A REGULATORY AUTHORITY

• It may be examined later whether we need a
• Regulatory Authority at the national level
  with the
• task of laying down various norms and
  standards
• of security and ensuring their implementation?

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TO SUM UP

• The threat to CIs and Key Assets are real.
• CI protection must, therefore, be accorded
• overwhelming priority
•  
• Needless to say, without adequate security
• no development can take place.

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Thank You