Terrorist Walk Among Us

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Terrorist Walk Among Us

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• Prepared by Charles Feer, JD, MPA
• - Dept. of Criminal Justice, Bakersfield College

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Terrorist Walk Among Us

• Most Americans hear the word terrorism and they
  think of passenger planes slamming into the World
  Trade Center in New York.
• They dont all have long beards and turbans and
  live in caves in Afghanistan.

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Historical Perspective of Terrorism

• Terrorism was scattered throughout history with
  attacks against the United States domestic and
  international interest.
• Consider the assassinations of President Lincoln
  (1863) and McKinley (1901).
• The enemy is not one person, a single political
  regime nor a religion

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Terrorism Defined (FBI)

• Terrorism is the use of force or violence against
  persons or property in violation of the criminal
  laws of the U.S. for purposes of intimidation,
  coercion, or ransom.

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Terrorism Defined (FBI)

• Terrorist often use threats to create fear among
  the public, to try to convince citizens that
  their government is powerless in preventing
  terrorism, and to get immediate publicity for
  their causes.

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Domestic Terrorism

• The unlawful or threatened use of force or
  violence by a group or individual based and
  operating entirely within the United States (and
  / or its territories, i.e. Puerto Rico), without
  foreign direction, and whose acts are directed at
  elements of the U.S. Government and / or its
  population, in furtherance of political or social
  goals.

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Types of Domestic Terrorist

• Right Wing
• Left Wing
• Special interest
• Lone Wolf

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Right Wing

• The rightist division of a group or party
  individuals sometimes professing opposition to
  change in the established order and favoring
  traditional attitudes and practices and sometimes
  advocating the forced establishment of
  authoritarian order.

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Right Wing Terrorism

• Often adhere to conservative or reactionary
  principles.
• Such groups endorse racial supremacy, and / or
  embrace antigovernment and antiregulatory
  beliefs.
• Patriot movements, militias and common-law
  groups.

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Right Wing Terror Groups

• Ku Klux Klan, Neo-Nazis, Skinheads, Christian
  Identify, Black Separatist and other religious
  hate groups.

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Left Wing

• The leftist division of a group (as a political
  party) those professing views usually
  characterized by desire to reform or overthrow
  the established order especially in politics and
  usually advocating change in the name of the
  greater freedom or well-being of the common man.
  (Radical position)

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Left Wing Terrorism

• Profess a revolutionary socialist doctrine and
  view themselves as protectors of the people
  against the dehumanizing effects of capitalism
  and imperialism.
• They are responsible for bombings,
  assassinations, robberies and planned attacks on
  infrastructure targets.

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Left Wing Terrorism

• Puerto Rican extremist group FALN bombed El
  Barrio in East Harlem New York in 1974.
• Los Machetoros attacked bank offices in Rio
  Piedras and Santa Isabel in June, 1998.

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Special Interest

• Extreme groups who seek to resolve specific
  issues, rather than affect more widespread
  political change.
• These groups occupy the extreme fringes of animal
  rights, pro-life, environmental, antinuclear and
  other political and social movements.

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Special Interest Terrorism

• Since 1990, more than 1200 criminal incidents
  were claimed by animal and environmental rights
  extremists.
• Tactics range from spray-paint vandalizing to
  fire-bombings.
• Animal Liberation Front (ALF), Earth Liberation
  Front (ELF) are considered Eco-terrorists.

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Lone Wolf

• Lone individuals have their own motivations and
  agenda.
• They are not supported by group activities, but
  may draw a few coconspirators in with them.
• i.e. Timothy McVeigh and Terry Nichols. (Oklahoma
  City Bombing)

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Lone Wolf Terrorism

• McVeighs retaliation motive (for the FBI assault
  on Ruby Ridge and ATF assault at Waco) led him to
  believe that bombing federal buildings prevented
  the government from continuing with its work.

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Lone Wolf Terrorism

• Eric Robert Rudolph seemingly targeted
  abortionists and homosexuals.
• He believed that by carrying out his attacks, he
  could influence the government to change laws and
  policy.
• He stated, I believe that abortion is murder
  that force is justified in an attempt to stop
  it.

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International Terrorism

• The unlawful use of force or violence committed
  by a group or individual, who has some connection
  to a foreign power or whose activities transcend
  national boundaries, against persons or property
  to intimidate or coerce a government, the
  civilian population, or segment thereof, in
  furtherance of political or social objectives.

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al-Qaeda

• An international terrorist organization founded
  in the late 1980s, by Osama bin Laden and
  Muhammad Atef.
• OBL claims credit for beating USSR out of
  Afghanistan.
• OBL asked Saudi Arabia to let him and his
  Mujahideen defend Kuwait from Iraq. (He was told
  Pound Sand)

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al-Qaeda

• al-Qaeda calls for the use of violence and force
  bringing about the end of non-Islamic
  governments, and in particular, a wish to drive
  the U.S. armed forces out of Saudi Arabia and
  Somalia.

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al-Qaeda

• Establishing training camps in areas such as
  Afghanistan, Pakistan, Kenya and Saudi Arabia.
• al-Qaeda is responsible for the proliferating of
  terrorists throughout the world, and providing
  them with equipment and financing.
• al-Qaeda has become a movement (philosophy).

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al-Qaeda

• al-Qaeda and bin Laden demonstrate dedication to
  the fatwa.
• Extreme Muslims live to die.
• They are patient, they believe they are in a 1000
  year war. (30 40 years between battles is not a
  great period of time.)
• WTC attacks 1993 and 2001.

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Hizballah

• Also known as the Islamic Jihad, Revolutionary
  Justice Organization, Organization of the
  Oppressed on Earth, and the Islamic Jihad for the
  Liberation of Palestine.
• Advocates the ultimate establishment of Islamic
  rule in Lebanon and liberating all occupied
  Arab lands, as well as the elimination of Israel.
  
• Allied with Iran (al Shura law)

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Hizballah

• Campaigns against the U.S. include suicide truck
  bombing of U.S. Embassy in April, 1983, bombing
  U.S. Marine Barracks in Oct. 1983, and bombing
  U.S. Embassy Annex in Sept. 1984 in Beirut,
  Lebanon.
• Kidnappings of U.S. and other western hostages in
  Lebanon.
• Three members of Hizballah are on FBIs most
  wanted list for 1985 hijacking TWA Flt. 847 where
  U.S. Navy Diver was killed.

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Nature of Terrorism

• Eight Stages of Terrorist Plot
• Recruit
• Finance
• Weapon
• Date Time of Attack
• Location
• Surveillance
• Means of Attack
• Escape (?)

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Predictions

• Will occur within the next few months.
• No more hijacking airplanes. (Govt. has shut that
  door and people will not sit by ever again.)
• Suicide and non-suicide bombers.
• Attack Airports, leaving luggage where people are
  checking in.
• Hotels, valet - parking a bomb.

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Predictions

• Theme Parks
• Casinos
• Stadiums
• Shopping Malls
• Subways and Trains - Train Stations

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Predictions

• Schools and School Buses
• Simultaneous detonations / attacks around the
  country.

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Is California a Target?

• Public / Government Buildings
• Mass Transit
• Communication Facilities
• Utilities

• Water Supply
• Food Production
• Recreational Facilities
• Malls
• Stadiums
• Universities Schools

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War on Terror

• When the next terror attack occurs, (the next
  WTC) where do we fire a cruise missile to?
• Terrorist are all over the world and are right
  here in America.

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War on Terror

• Deter
• Detect
• Delay
• Defeat

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War on Terror

• We all must answer the threat.
• Diligence
• Know your surroundings and the people in it.
• Pay attention to detail.
• Report suspicious activity.

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- Nuclear / Radiological Incident Annex, 5/19/09,
Emergency Management Institute / FEMA IS-836
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