Advanced Aquaculture of Carps and Tilapia

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Advanced Aquaculture of Carps and Tilapia Ponds
and Cages

• Kevin Fitzsimmons, John Woiwode, R.S.N. Janjua
  ASA SoyPak
• Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan
• 19 March 2012

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Carp and Tilapia

• Carps are most important farmed food fish and
  tilapia are second.
• Global demand, variety of production systems and
  geographic regions, some vertically integrated
• Environmentally sustainable Green Aquaculture
  (no fish meal required in the diet, no
  antibiotics, many farms use effluents for crops)

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Subsistence and Export Commodity

• Tilapia is unique in its role as a small
  livestock animal grown by subsistence farmers in
  developing countries around the world..
• And
• It is widely grown and exported to high value
  markets to be served in expensive restaurants and
  grocery stores
• Commodity or specialty crop - BOTH, like
  chicken

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US Tilapia consumption (imports and
domestic)368,295 mt of live weight (equivalent)
2006437,000 mt of live weight (equivalent) -
2007453,264 mt of live weight (equivalent)
2008465,953 mt of live weight (equivalent
2009)579,443 mt of live weight (equivalent
2010)
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Carp and tilapia in ponds

• Extensive ponds

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Semi-intensive ponds
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Multiple small cages
Irrigation Reservoir, Arizona
Taal Lake, Philippines
Paulo Afonso Reservoir, Brasil
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Other small cages
Nile Delta, Egypt
Shrimp Pond, Thailand
All tilapia farms have dogs, even cage farms
Shrimp Pond, Philippines
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Large cage farms
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Pond culture to crop irrigation
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Fish and citrus in Hainan, China
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Integration of aquaculture and agriculture

• Water pH reduced from 8.3 to 8.0
• Added 19.7 kg/ha N to 45 kg/ha used in standard
  fertilization schedule of cotton.

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Results - Integration of aquaculture and
agriculture

• Contributed 2.6 kg/ha P to cotton crop.

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Plant height with Fish Effluent, Standard
Fertilizer and Well Water
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Extruders

• Floating feeds
• Feed mixes with steam in barrel of extruder
• Cooks ingredients, improves palatability
• Gelatinizes starches
• Steam expansion and auger forces feed out of
  barrel with rapid expansion.
• Traps air in pellet, allows to float

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Bangladesh tilapia aquaculture
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Future global tilapia aquaculture
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Conclusions

• Tilapia are omnivores
• But eating anything will not make you grow fast
  and strong
• Tilapia need balanced nutrition for rapid growth
  just like human children

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Buy TILAPIA
Thank you! Questions and discussion?