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Irvind S. Ghai

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... broadband usage increasing Availability of consumer VoIP services VoIP infrastructure in place Spotlight on VoIP regulation ... Wholesale VoIP. FonetGlobal ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Irvind S. Ghai


1
VOP Anywhere Everywhere
Presented by
Irvind S. Ghai Director, VOP Asia-Pacific Broadban
d Communications Group, Texas Instruments
2
VOP Anywhere Everywhere .
  • Background Evolution
  • Product Deployment
  • Industry Trends
  • Solution Differentiators
  • Summary

3
VOP Anywhere Everywhere .
  • Background Evolution
  • Product Deployment
  • Industry Trends
  • Solution Differentiators
  • Summary

4
The Evolution of VoIP
Wi-Fi IP Phones
Wi-Fi
WAN
VoIP gateway/PBX
Voice gateway
PSTN
MOBILE Wi-Fi IP Phones
Analog phones
Cellular
5
State of the VoIP Union
  • Worldwide broadband usage increasing
  • Availability of consumer VoIP services
  • VoIP infrastructure in place
  • Spotlight on VoIP regulation

250 200 150 100 50 0
249.0
220.2
195.9
169.1
133.5
In Millions
99.4
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
In-Stat/MDR, 2003
6
Technology Advances Enable VoIP Market
Micro Processor
DSP Micro Processor Subsystem
DSP
FPGA
Tomorrow 1 Chip For VoIP And W-iFi
Single-Chip VoIP Processor
Line Codec
Ethernet Switch
Ethernet Switch
Ethernet MAC/Phy
Ethernet MAC/Phy
2002 3 Chips
2004 1 Chip
Tomorrow 1 Chip
2000 6 Chips
BOM
7
Integration of VoIP
with Broadband, Wireless and Consumer Electronics
Anywhere
Any network
True mobility. With VoIP, thats now possible.
Any device
Anytime
8
What You Need to Know About TI and VoIP
  • 80 market share
  • Over 200 customers
  • Extensive history
  • Expertise in DSP Telogy Networks
  • Solutions for all VoIP applications
  • Complete broadband portfolio
  • Voice over cable, DSL, Wi-Fi

IP phone
Residential gateway
Enterprise gateway
Infrastructure equipment
9
VOP Anywhere Everywhere .
  • Background Evolution
  • Product Deployment
  • Industry Trends
  • Solution Differentiators
  • Summary

10
Total VoIP IC RevenueForecast 2002-2007
120,000 100,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 10,000
0
160,000 140,000 120,000 100,000 80,000 60,00
0 40,000 20,000 0
US in Thousands
Ports in Thousands
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Shipments (Units - K)
Revenue (US - K)
Source In-Stat/MDR 11/03
11
Installed Port Base Carriers
  • Huawei has 8M installed ports, ZTE has 0.5M,
    UTSI data is not available
  • Data Source Dittberner

12
VOP Anywhere Everywhere .
  • Background Evolution
  • Product Deployment
  • Industry Trends
  • Solution Differentiators
  • Summary

13
VoIP Market Trends 5 years
Infrastructure
Enterprise
Voice
  • 40 of enterprise phones are IP phones
  • 60 of enterprises have a VoIP gateway
  • 70 of PBXs will be IP-based
  • 40 of inter-office voice will be packet
  • Over 120M VoIP ports will ship annually

Voice
Consumer
Services Revenue Payback 300/Subscriber 6-18
months Source Nortel, VON-E 2004
  • Over 10M consumer handsets with VoWLAN
  • 15 of households will regularly use VoIP

14
VoIP Trends
  • Security
  • SRTP, IPSEC viable candidates going forward
  • Requires more processing power per channel
  • Wireless LAN
  • Business office applications
  • Consumer opportunities in Asia/Japan
  • Issues remaining
  • Roaming impact
  • QOS
  • Merging of wireless IP and cell phones

15
VoIP Trends
  • Codecs
  • Migration to common codecs for wireline and
    wireless systems
  • Wideband AMR is both a 3G and ITU standard
  • EVRC and SMV-capable gateways to remove
    transcoding requirements
  • Video
  • Simple snapshot features to evolve into full
    motion
  • Business driver -- videoconferencing on the phone
  • Consumer rollout is tied to cellular rollout
  • Gateways need to transcode Internet standards to
    cellular standards

16
VOP Anywhere Everywhere .
  • Background Evolution
  • Product Deployment
  • Industry Trends
  • Solution Differentiators
  • Quality Monitoring
  • Handling Echo
  • Summary

17
Quality Monitoring for VoIP
  • What happens if it doesnt sound good.
  • Telephony tools support production lab testing
  • LAN, packet network tools dont capture voice QoS
    problems
  • Results hurt
  • Market penetration
  • Network managers ability to support service
  • Carriers ability to assure quality
  • Manufacturers ability to defend products

QoS
Voice
18
Causes of Quality Degradation
  • Delay
  • Causes processing, accumulation, network
    transmission
  • Mitigation efficient gateway design, network
    design

Echo
  • Causes poor cancellation solution
  • Mitigation robust canceller design, network
    planning

Jitter
  • Causes packet network behavior
  • Mitigation adaptive buffer management

Packet Loss
  • Causes jitter buffer overload, bit error,
    processing overload
  • Mitigation PLC algorithms in vocoder
    implementation

Equipment Faults/Failures
  • Causes power outages, equipment performance
    issues
  • Mitigation fault monitoring reports, alarms

19
Voice Quality Monitoring
  • Passive Monitoring
  • Non-Intrusive
  • Metrics calculation on live calls
  • Active Monitoring
  • Intrusive
  • Metrics calculation on test calls

Port Mirroring
QoS Monitoring Station
Probe
Switch
Reportingprotocol
Gateway
IP Phone
Simulated traffic
Phone
20
Passive Monitoring
QoS Monitor
QoS Domain
QoS Domain
VoIP End-Point
DSP
RTCP
EP
EmbeddedSoftware
EP
MonitoringSoftware
DSP
21
Passive Monitoring
PBX
Phone
Gateway
Reports
RTP
OfficeNetwork
Phone
Gateway
PC
IP phone
PacketNetwork
Phone
Gateway
PBX
NMS
Phone
BB modem
Call server
OfficeNetwork
PC
IP phone
22
  • Comprehensive QoS monitoring and management is
    required for VoIP
  • Techniques and standards exist
  • VoIP equipment needs to include monitoring and
    measurement elements
  • Comprehensive statistics must be available in
    gateways and IP phones
  • Embedded passive monitoring probes and RTCP are a
    must

QoS
23
Echo
  • Two major types of echo problems

Line Echo
Line echo is typically associated with VoIP
gateways
Acoustic Echo
Acoustic echo is typically associated with IP
phones
24
Line Echo Source
Echo reflected by the hybrid located in a
residential GW
Gateway
Gateway
IP Network
2 to 4 wire hybrids echo is created in the near
end gateway largely due to dissipation in the
hybrid. This echo would be transmitted to the
far end without a quality Line Echo Canceller
(LEC).
25
Important EC Attributes
  • Convergence time (initial/updates) time to
    train on the echo
  • Magnitude of the combined loss
  • Convergence on narrowband signals (e.g., DTMF
    tones)
  • Double talk detection
  • Performance with high background noise can
    cause instability and loss of echo cancellation

26
TI Line EC Testing
  • Passed ATTs Voice Quality Assessment Lab
    certification
  • Over 140 test cases
  • Automated G.168 testing (head acoustics
    equipment)
  • Manual testing (TAS, GLCom, various hybrid models)

27
Line Echo Conclusions
  • Line Echo Cancellation (LEC) is a difficult
    problem to solve
  • TIs LEC offers world-class performance
  • TIs LEC is widely deployed and field-hardened
    with many years of experience

28
Acoustic Echo Cancellation
Acoustic Echo
  • Acoustic Echo
  • Echo from sound that comes out of a speaker and
    is reflected back to the microphone
  • Nature of Acoustic Echo
  • Changing echo path (people come in/out of room,
    move around)
  • Dependent on factors like room size (affects tail
    length)
  • Frequency dependence of speaker and microphone
  • Environmental Challenges
  • VoIP network delay and jitter
  • Competing for processor resources in VoIP
    solution

29
Canceling Acoustic Echo
Acoustic Echo Cancellation
  • Need Adaptive Filtering
  • Estimating/predicting echo
  • Removing echo
  • Use Nonlinear Processing (NLP) to cancel residual
    echo and to generate comfort noise (CNG)
  • Required for Full Duplex Speakerphone (FDX)

30
Design Elements
  • Quality enclosure design factors
  • Speaker and microphone
  • Selection
  • Location
  • Mounting
  • Frequency response
  • Quality analog front end components
  • A-to-D and D-to-A components
  • Programmable gain amplifier
  • Quality of workmanship
  • Ability to replicate products in the
    manufacturing process

31
Speakerphone Challenges
  • Background noise
  • Unbalanced speech levels
  • Doubletalk
  • Echo path changes
  • Non-linear distortion (speaker microphone)
  • Mechanical problems
  • Electric coupling
  • Speaker volume

32
Software Enhancement Methods
  • The following software techniques can be used to
    optimize speakerphone performance
  • Automatic gain control
  • Automatic level control
  • Noise reduction
  • Speaker equalization
  • Comfort noise generation
  • Software techniques cannot guarantee true
    full-duplex operation with a bad enclosure design!

33
Acoustic Echo Conclusions
  • Full-duplex speakerphone performance will be hard
    to accomplish unless the AEC can provide stable
    and steady convergence under a variety of
    environmental conditions
  • A quality enclosure and the selection of quality
    analog front end components are key to
    full-duplex IP speakerphone performance
  • TI provides world-class AEC and related subject
    matter expertise designed to help customers
    succeed in IP speakerphone applications

34
VOP Anywhere Everywhere .
  • Background Evolution
  • Product Deployment
  • Industry Trends
  • Solution Differentiators
  • Summary

35
TI Vision Ubiquitous VoIP
  • VoIP is more than a replacement for traditional
    telephony
  • VoIP capability can be incorporated into any
    connected device
  • VoIP is changing how and where we communicate

Reduced Cost
The future called. TI answered.
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