POSTURE AND BALANCE

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POSTURE AND BALANCE
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POSTURAL MECHANISMS
Motor Control
Limb Movement
Postural Disturbance
Feedback Commands (learned and reflexive)
Postural Adjustment
Feedforward Commands (planned, learned)
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SIGNALS OF POSTURAL DISTURBANCE
Cutaneous and Proprioceptive Visual Vestibular
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FEEDFORWARD CONTROLS

• Learned
• Incorporated into motor behaviors
• Improved by practice
• Predicted scaled adjustments of axial
• and proximal limb muscles
• Precede and accompany movement

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FEEDFORWARD CONTROLS
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VESTIBULAR
RETICULAR
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POSTURAL MECHANISMS
Motor Control
Limb Movement
Postural Disturbance
Feedback Commands (learned and reflexive)
Postural Adjustment
Feedforward Commands (planned, learned)
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FEEDBACK CONTROLS

• Signals of Postural Disturbance
• Cutaneous and Proprioceptive
• Vestibular
• Visual

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FEEDBACK CONTROLS

• Postural Corrections
• Learned responses
• Gradient of correction behavior
• Reflexive responses
• Balancing behavior
• Falling behavior

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FEEDBACK CONTROLS
Vestibular and Neck Reflexes Are Subject To The
Context Of The Motor Behavior

REFLEX TARGET MOTOR
BEHAVIOR BALANCING
FALLING Cervico-collic Neck
Vestibulo-collic Neck
Vestibulo-spinal Body -
Cervico-spinal Body -
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VESTIBULAR
RETICULAR