Overhead Hoists and Underhung Cranes

1
Overhead Hoists and Underhung Cranes

• ASME B30.11 Monorails and Underhung Cranes
• ASME B30.16 Overhead Hoists (Underhung)

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Objectives

• This presentation will cover
• OSHAs minimum requirements for overhead hoists
  and underhung cranes in general industry
• Setup, operation, and inspection of hoists and
  cranes
• Hazard identification
• Abatement methods

3
Overhead Hoists and Underhung Cranes

• Overhead hoist must meet applicable requirements
  for
• Construction
• Design
• Installation
• Testing
• Inspection
• Maintenance
• Operation
• As prescribed by the manufacturer

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Overhead Hoists and Underhung Cranes

• Hoist inspection
• Frequent visual examination by operator or
  designated person (weekly to monthly).
• Periodic visual inspection by designated person
  makes records for continuing evaluation
  (quarterly to annually).
• Special attention to load hooks,
• ropes, chains, brakes, and limit
• switches.

5
Overhead Hoists and Underhung Cranes

• Hooks (swivel type) should rotate freely.
• Hooks must be equipped with latches.
• Unless latch creates a hazardous condition.
• Latch must bridge the throat
• opening of the hook.
• Retain, under slack conditions,
• slings and chains.

6
Overhead Hoists and Underhung Cranes

• Push-button station must be supported so that
  cable is protected from strain.
• Push-button enclosure must be marked for
  identification of functions.
• Push-button controls must
• return to the off position
• when released by operator.

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Overhead Hoists and Underhung Cranes

• Electrical supply to runway or monorail
  conductors must be controlled by a switch or
  circuit breaker.
• Located on a fixed structure
• Accessible from the floor
• Provision for being locked
• in an open position

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Overhead Hoists and Underhung Cranes

• A lockout/tagout policy and procedures must be
  developed, documented, and implemented.

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Overhead Hoists and Underhung Cranes

• Note ANSI B30.20 is the consensus standard for
  below-the-hook devices.

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Overhead Hoists and Underhung Cranes

• Below-the-hook devices
• Fixed nameplate must contain
• Weight of below-the-hook device if weight exceeds
  100 lbs.
• Manufacturers name
• Serial number
• Rate load of the
• device

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Overhead Hoists and Underhung Cranes

• Below-the-hook devices (Job made)
• Proof test certificate or a certificate of
  conformance to ASME B30.20 must
• be issued.
• Proof test report kept on
• file and available for
• inspection.

12
Overhead Hoists and Underhung Cranes

• Load applied to the load hook by suitable means.
• Sling or other device properly seated in the base
  of hook.
• Load must not be applied
• to point of hook.

13
Overhead Hoists and Underhung Cranes

• Forces applied to slings at various angles.

14
Overhead Hoists and Underhung Cranes

• Proper label synthetic web sling
• Rated load capacity of sling must not be exceeded.

15
Overhead Hoists and Underhung Cranes

• Slings should be checked before each use.
• Defective slings need
• to be replaced or
• repaired before use.

16
Overhead Hoists and Underhung Cranes

• Hoists must be installed in locations that allow
  movement of operator to stay clear of the load.
• Do not lift loads over peoples head.

17
Overhead Hoists and Underhung Cranes

• At least two turns of rope must remain on drum
  when load block is on the floor.
• Lubricate load wire rope or chain per hoist
  manufacturers recommendations.

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Underhung Cranes

• ASME B30.11 applies to underhung cranes and
  monorail systems.
• Load-carrying members travel on external or
  internal lower flange of
• a runway track section.

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Underhung Cranes

• Rated load of the crane must be marked on the
  crane.
• Rated load marking must be legible from the
  ground or floor.
• Rated load of the crane must not be exceeded.

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Underhung Cranes

• Rated load of hoist must be marked on the hoist
  or load block.
• Safe working load must not be exceeded.

21
Underhung Cranes

• Rated load of hoist must be marked on the hoist
  or load block.
• Legible from the ground or floor
• Load block must be the
• enclosed type.
• Means provided to guard
• against rope or chain
• jamming in the load block.
• Under normal operating
• conditions

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Underhung Cranes

• Hoist must be marked with manufacturers
  identification information.
• Information on a plate or
• label attached to hoist.
• Electric-powered hoist
• Name of manufacturer
• Manufacturers model or
• serial number
• Voltage, phase, and
• frequency of AC power
• supply

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Underhung Cranes

• Material hoist on rails, tracks, or trolleys must
  have a positive stop, or limiting device.

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Underhung Cranes

• Bridge bumpers should be designed and aligned to
  properly contact stops at end of rails.

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Underhung Cranes

• Runway, monorail, and bridge conductors must
• be guarded, or
• Located to minimize inadvertent contact with the
  conductor.

26
Underhung Cranes

• Wiring and equipment must comply with Article 610
  of ANSI/NFPA 70.
• Suitable strain relief and
• protection from physical
• damage must be provided
• for wiring.

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Overhead Hoists (Underhung)

• ASME B30.16 applies to overhead hoists
  (underhung)
• Hand chain-operated chain hoist
• Electric-operated
• Air-operated
• Wire rope hoist
• Scope of B30.16 includes
• Construction
• Installation
• Operation
• Inspection

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Overhead Hoists (Underhung)

• Supporting structure must have a safe working
  load equal to that of the hoist.

29
Overhead Hoists (Underhung)

• Supporting structure must be designed to
  withstand the loads imposed by the hoist for the
  rated load.

30
Overhead Hoists (Underhung)

• Monorails for overhead hoist must have a positive
  stop, or limiting device.

31
Overhead Hoists (Underhung)

• Electric-powered or air-powered hoist shall be
  equipped with an upper-limit device.
• Upper-limit device must
• be checked by operator
• during each shift under
• no-load conditions.

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Overhead Hoists (Underhung)

• Failure of hoist limit switch.
• Load hook jammed into hoist with an attached load.

33
Overhead Hoists (Underhung)

• Hoists should be attached to supports either with
  shackles or support hooks that have safety
  latches.

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Overhead Hoists (Underhung)
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Overhead Hoists (Underhung)
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Overhead Hoists (Underhung)

• Do not apply the load to the tip of the hook or
  the hook latch.

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Overhead Hoists (Underhung)

• Air-powered hoist
• Air hoist connected to air supply of sufficient
  capacity and pressure to safely operate hoist.
• Air hoses must be positively
• connected to prevent
• becoming disconnect
• during use.

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Overhead Hoists (Underhung)

• Support must be arranged to provide
• free movement of hoist.
• Support must not restrict hoist from lining
  itself up with the load.

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Overhead Hoists (Underhung)

• Load should not be picked up until it is directly
  underneath the hoist.

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Overhead Hoists (Underhung)

• Rated capacity must be indicated on the hoist.
• Safe working load must not be exceeded.

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Overhead Hoists (Underhung)

• Rated capacity not marked or visible on hoist.

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Aerial Lift - Used as a Crane/Hoist
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Summary

• In this presentation, we discussed
• OSHAs minimum requirements for overhead hoists
  and underhung cranes in general industry
• Setup, operation, and inspection of hoists and
  cranes
• Hazard identification
• Abatement methods

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Thank You For Attending!

• Final Questions?

1-800-NC-LABOR (1-800-625-2267) www.nclabor.com
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Handouts

• Place all handouts at the end of this
  presentation.