HazMat Technician Mod 1 Unit 2 Slide 1

1
OhioHazmat WMD Technician

• Module 1 Unit 2
• Field Survey Instruments

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Learning Objectives

• At the end of this training each student will
  demonstrate knowledge and the ability to
  classify, identify, and verify known and unknown
  chemicals by using field survey instruments.

3
Student Performance Objectives

• Know the 9 DOT Hazard Classes
• Know the 3 classes and 2 divisions of inherent
  safety tested instruments
• Know the 6 types of direct reading instruments
  and give examples of each type.

4
Student Performance Objectives (cont.)

• Demonstrate their ability to operate at least 4
  different direct reading instruments
• Must be able to successfully complete competency
  evaluations 005, 006, 007, 008, 009, 010, 011,
  014, 016, 017, and/or 018

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DOT Hazard Classes

• 1 Explosives
• 2 Compressed gasses
• 3 Flammable liquids
• 4 Flam solids, spontaneous combustible, dangerous
  when wet
• 5 Oxidizers and organic peroxides

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DOT Hazard Classes (cont.)

• 6 Toxic, biological
• 7 Radiological
• 8 Corrosives
• 9 Misc. (ORM)

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Real Time Air Monitors

• Assessing health risks
• PPE
• Work zones
• Dispersion
• Mitigation actions

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Characteristics of Air Monitoring Instruments

• Portable and rugged
• Easy to operate
• Inherently safe
• Reliable and useful results

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Inherently Safe

• Class I, II and III
• Division 1 and 2

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Characteristics of Air Monitoring Instruments
(cont.)

• Reliable and useful results
• Response time
• Sensitivity
• Amplification
• Accuracy
• Precision
• Selectivity
• Calibration and relative response

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Types of Direct reading instruments

• Corrosive gas
• Oxygen
• Flammability
• Toxic
• Radiological
• Specialized

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Corrosive Gas

• pH paper

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Oxygen

• Normal air20.9 oxygen
• Oxygen levels less than 19.5
• Oxygen levels above 23.5
• Some instruments require sufficient oxygen for
  operation

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Schematic of Oxygen Sensor
O2
O2
O2
O2
Membrane
()
Electrode
Meter Face
Electrolyte Solution (KCL or KOH)
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Limitations and Considerations

• Atmospheric pressure
• Temperature

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Combustible-Atmosphere Indicators

• Combustible Gas Indicators (CGI)
• Concentration of a flammable vapor or gas in the
  air
• Percentage of the LEL

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Flammable Range
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Principle of Operation

• Wheatstone Bridge

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Limitations

• Temperature
• Lack of oxygen
• Lead vapors and silicon compounds
• Response factors

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Relative Response for a Combustible Gas
Chemical Concentration ( LEL) Meter Response ( LEL) Relative Response Factor
Methane 50 85 1.7
Acetylene 50 60 1.2
Pentane 50 50 1
1,4,-Dioxane 50 37 .74
Xylene 50 27 .54
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Toxic-Atmosphere Monitors

• Identify airborne concentrations
• Evaluate risk
• Determine the need and type of PPE
• Establish work zones
• PPM

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Radiological

• Survey meters
• Contamination
• Dose Rate
• Max dose for
• Life safety - 50,000mrem
• Protecting critical property - 10,000mrem
• Emergency worker - 5000mrem

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Specialized Monitoring Devices

• NFPAs list of 18

1) Biological immunoassay indicators 2) Chemical
Agent Monitors 3) Colorimetric indicators 4)
Combustible Gas Indicators 5) DNA Fluoroscopy 6)
Electro chemical cells 7) Flame Ionizing
detector 8) Gas chromatograph/mass
spectrometer 9) Infrared Spectroscopy 10) Ion
mobility spectroscopy 11) Mass channel
analyzer 12) Metal oxide sensor 13) Photo
ionization detector 14) Polymerase chain
reaction 15) Radiation detection and measurement
instruments 16) Raman spectroscopy 17) Surface
acoustical wave 18) Wet chemistry
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Colorimetric Tubes

• Glass tube with an indicating chemical
• Tube is connected to a pump
• Contaminant reacts with the indicator
• Chemical-specific

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Limitations and Considerations (cont.)

• Poor accuracy and precision
• Affected by temperature
• Store tubes at moderate temperatures
• Humidity
• Shelf life

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Limitations and Considerations (cont.)

• Interfering compounds
• Difficult to read
• Sampling times

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Photoionization Detector (PID)

• Detect concentrations of gases and vapors in PPM
• Fan or pump draws the air into the detector
• Contaminants are exposed to a high-frequency
  radiation light source

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Ionization Potential
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Specialized for WMD

• M8
• M9
• M256A1
• ICAM
• APD2000
• SAW Mincad

• GC/MS
• Biological detection and ID

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Exercise Module 1 Unit 2Air Monitors

• Time Allotted 60 minutes
• Equipment needed (2) 4 gas air monitors
• P.I.D.
• pH paper
• Calibration gas
• Supplies needed Acetone
• Acetic Acid (vinegar)
• Hydrochloric Acid (The Works toilet bowl
  cleaner)
• Ammonia (window cleaner)
• 4 small containers with lids or covers
• Calibration Gas
• Methodology The instructor will give you a
  scenario that is based on the student performance
  objectives in this unit.

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Unit 2 Quiz
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Questions