Presentation on Term Paper

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Presentation on Term Paper

• Nishant Kumar Pandey
• Roll No. - 30

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Topic

• Globalisation The Tribal Encounter
• By B.D. Sharma
• The book deals with the life and problems of
  Tribal people in the Bastar region of Chhatisgarh
  and as to how they are fooled and cheated by some
  people just for self interest. It also highlights
  on the encounter mechanism adopted by the
  indegenous people against global forces.

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About Author

• B D Sharma is a Ph.D. in Mathematics and was a
  teacher at Pilani.
• Joined IAS in 1956.
• First role conflict was faced by him while being
  posted as district collector in Bastar in
  Chhatisgarh
• Was secretary of tribal welfare in M.P.
• Became commissioner of SC ST commission
• Chairman of Bharat Jan Andolan and pioneer of
  Nate-na-raj Andolan.

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Introduction to book

• The book presents some glimpse of Tribal response
  to the forcible opening up of their small world
  by the impact of Globalisation.
• The book focuses on Tribal life and its changes
  in the Bastar region of Chhatisgarh which is
  primarily a tribal belt.
• Talks about issues like deprivation of rights for
  tribals and exploitation by various private
  players.
• It also deals with how tribals reacted to
  external forces

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Key question

• How the onset of Globalisation created an impact
  on tribal life.
• How tribal people reacted to external pressure.
• This topic was chosen considering its link to
  grass root level of rural India

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Course of presentation

• Introduction
• Tribal issues
• Case studies
• Outcome and conclusion

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Tribals

• Globalisation is not merely a question of
  marginalisation for indigenous peoples it is a
  multi-pronged attack on the very foundation of
  their existence and livelihoods
• There are resources but ferociously sought by
  global corporations, trying to push traditional
  societies off their lands
• New trade and investment agreements, which are
  opening up previously inaccessible territory to
  industrial extraction of natural resources, has
  forced indigenous peoples to defend their
  homelands

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Bastar
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Bastar the case of colonial onslaught

• The Bastar region is full of forest which bears
  lots of resources
• Besides it has also been a shelter for indigenous
  people since long time
• Government declared forests as reserves and it
  is these tribal people who had not only
  maintained the ecological and environmental
  balances but also whose life was based on the
  forest, had to now face a state of deprivation.
• Nakabandi came in picture

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Failure of Tribal Sub Plan

• Apathy of government
• Flaw on part of beurocracy
• No proper participation from tribal people
• Forest being declared as reserves
• Onset of Industrialisation
• Pollution increased and whole environmental
  balance was disturbed
• There was no care and surety for the source of
  income of tribal people involved

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The case of Bodh Ghat

• Bodh Ghat was the area in Bastar region through
  which river Indravati flowed and it was a
  proposed site for construction of a hydel power
  plant
• Agriculrure and forest the main source of
  livelihood.
• There was no plan of what will be the future
  source of irrigation and how it will work in near
  by areas after execution of hydel power project.
• No proper plan regarding rehabilitation and
  sustainable livelihood generation of tribals

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Is rehabilitation a solution

• Will the rehabilitation take place as a community
  or as an individual
• What will be its impact on up growing children
• From where will government find an equally big
  and suitable piece of land to rehabilitate the
  migrated people in the same way as they use to
  live here
• What will be the solution to social necessities
  like primary health centre, hospital, schools and
  post office
• What will happen if they face a bad year in new
  place

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Case (ii)

• Community ownership over industries
• Proposal of establishment of Steel plant at a
  place called Mavalibhata in Bastar
• Issues that needed to focused were firstly the
  nature of control over and ownership of natural
  resources, the ownership over surplus and
  positive outcomes and lastly the entitlement and
  responsibilities of ordinary people in the
  merging system.

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The case of Mavalibhata

• A move for exploitation of man power and human
  resource by setting up industry
• As such over harnessing of natural resource
• Gradual creation of market and market forces
  thereby transferring the control to other hands
• People movement took place that resulted in
  historical Mavalibhata declaration.

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Mavalibhata declaration

• Formulated on December 5, 1992
• Agitation again proposed steel plant
• Preamble
• We will intensify our struggles for basic
  changes in the institutional Structure, national
  laws and for establishment of a new order in
  Which the people will enjoy undisputed rights
  over resources, they Will be partner in
  development, everyone will have a place of honour
  in the new economy and the right to life with
  dignity of every citizen will be on-violable.

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Mavalibhata declaration Contd..

• The process of encroachment on tribal resources
  in the name of development was highlighted.
• 4 key highlights were
• Nation
• Tribal Areas
• Bastar and Mavalibhata
• Democratic Norms and Human Rights

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Governments Initiative questionable????

• The Tribal Sub Plan (TSP) Strategy has been
  adopted for all round development of tribal areas
  throughout the country since Fifth Five-Year
  Plan. Under the TSP approach almost entire tribal
  inhabited area have been covered under one of the
  following, depending upon their population
  percentile
• i)Integrated Area Development Project (ITDPs)
• ii)Modified Area Development Approach (MADA)
• iii)Clusters
• iv)Primitive Tribal Groups
• Tribal bill Draft
• National tribal policy

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Connection with RLLE

• Similar situation faced by Kondh tribe in
  Rayagada district
• Deprived of facility and no care from side of
  government.
• Industries and factories are utilizing natural
  resources based in tribal areas but not even a
  hint of profit being shared to local communities.

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Difficulties faced

• Scattered information in books
• Lack of arranged quantitative information
• Diffculty in getting real picture of role played
  by NGO.

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conclusion

• Care needs to be taken regarding use of natural
  resources as they are depleting day by day
• Exploitation of manpower has to be checked
• let us live peacefully and let others also live
  peacefully. No tree will ever bear sweet fruit if
  it is nurtured by tears and sufferings of many
  people
• Time for society to arise, awake and step ahead

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References

• www.tribal.nic.in
• Website of international forum for globalisation
• http//www.freedomindia.com
• www.Indianjungles.com
• http//ignca.nic.in/ls_03025.htm
• Global perception of tribal research in India
• By M .
  L. Patel

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