The United States First Half of the 19th Century

1
The United StatesFirst Half of the 19th
Century
2
Read Creating a New Government
Page 70
Page 70
James Madison-Father of the Constitution
3
Ratification ApprovalFederalist PaperJohn
Jay, James Madison, Alexander Hamilton argue why
a strong central government was needed
4
Read On the road to ratificationand
Adoption of a Bill of Rights
5
Washington First President

• Secretary of Treasury
• Alexander Hamilton
• Created National Bank
• Issues Money
• Feuded with Thomas Jefferson
• (S of State)
• (Chart on Page 80)

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Two Party SystemFederalists(Strong Central
Power)HamiltonAnti-Federalists(State
Power)Jefferson
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The Whiskey RebellionTax WhiskeyProducers
UpsetRefuse Militia forces paymentProve -
Power of Government(Hamilton needed money)
8
1796Washington Steps Down(Warns of Parties
andForeign Involvement)
9
John Adams (Federalist)defeatsThomas Jefferson
(Anti Federalist)(1796)Presidential Succession
Changed(12th Amendment)
10
3rd President Jefferson(1800)Against Big
GovernmentRepublicanismCut Spending-Tax
11
Jeffersons Louisiana Purchase15 Million to
FranceDoubled SizeLewis and Clark with
SacajaweaExplore (pg 120)
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(No Transcript)
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The War of 1812British Impressment(Capturing
Americans at Sea and forcing them into the
Navy)Arming Native Americans against U.S.

• Star Spangled Banner DVD

14
Britain Destroys D.C.Battle of N.O. big U.S.
Victorybut after Treaty of GhentConfirmed U.S.
as IndependentMade industry grow due to no
British goods
15
General Andrew JacksonMakes his Mark in 1812B
of N.O.
               Notes                Journal                     Books         Outside Links        
16
The Monroe DoctrineForbid Europeans to
Interfere in the Western Hemisphere
17
Eli Whitneys Cotton Gin

• Cotton becomes king in the South
• Slaves do most work

18
Slavery697,681 to 1,538,022(1790 to 1820)
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Americans Expand WestwardNew States Enter Union
20
The Missouri Compromise(1820)North South
Argue Missouri-Slave Maine-Free3630 Becomes
Slave Line
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(No Transcript)
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John Quincy AdamsAmistad StoryAfter his
Presidency
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1828 Andrew Jackson elected President
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Jackson develops Spoils SystemGives friends
Federal Jobs

• Right or Wrong????

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Indian Removal Act of 1830U.S. Policy to move
Native Americans West (Out of the Way)
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Trail of TearsCherokee and Others forced to Walk
out of the East to Indian Land in the West
(Oklahoma)Inferior land

• Read purple
• Pg 130

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(No Transcript)
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(No Transcript)
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The Lowell Mills ActivityMassachusetts

• Handout Cut and Ready

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(No Transcript)
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Lowell MillsFired Strike LeadersWorkers went
back with lower payFemale Employment
(Non-Married)Immigrants with lower pay hired
32
Harrison and Tyler (1840)Dies after
Inauguration20 Year Pattern
Martin Van Buren (1836)Financial Crisis Bank
Loans UnpaidBusinesses Go Broke
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Manifest Destiny

• More Land West
• Religion Mormons

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(No Transcript)
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(No Transcript)
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TEXASMexican PropertyWanted Americans to Settle
to help control Native Americans

• 1820s

37
By 1830sSettlers (Stephen Austin)Dont Want
Mexican LawPresident Santa AnnaForce Texas to
Obey
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Defeated at the Alamo(Fort)Texas Declares
IndependenceRemember the AlamoSam Houston
leads Rebels against Mexico Capture Santa Anna
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By 1845 Texas Joins the U.S.New President James
Polk (Slaveholder)Favors Entry
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Mexico and U.S. argue over BorderPolk sends
Zachary Taylor to secure boarder and Mexicans
attackCongress Declares War on
Mexico(Southerners More Supportive)
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Many Mexicans join the U.S. in WarTake New
Mexico and CaliforniaTreaty of Guadalupe
HidalgoEstablishes Current BorderNevada, Utah,
Arizona, Colorado, Wy
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PresidentsZachary Taylor dies 1850(4th of July
Party)Millard Fillmore takes over
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Watch Slave Ship DVDTake notes on DVD
44
Review Concepts in DVDRead Selections on page
150, 154 Life159(Except Period 3-Continue)

• Uncle Toms Cabin
• Frederick Douglas

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(No Transcript)
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The Wilmot Proviso(David Wilmot - Congressman
from PA)No Slavery in any Territory obtained
from Mexico

• South sees proposal as doom for Union

47
California 1849Citizens Apply for
Statehoodas Free State

• Gold Rush

48
The Compromise of 1850California Free
StateFuture States Decide themselvesTough
Fugitive Slave Law
49
(No Transcript)
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Harriet Tubman andThe Underground Railroad
51
Effect of Uncle Toms CabinNorth
Abolitionists Fired UpSouth See as an Attack
52
Kansas- Nebraska Act of 1854Popular Sovereignty
for StatesDecide Slavery by Vote
53
Bleeding KansasN S move to Kansas (Future
State) to tip balanceAfter Southerners burn
Abolitionist town of Lawrence
54
John Brown(Abolitionist)Kills 5 Southernersin
Kansas
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PresidentsFranklin PierceJames
Buchanan(Democrats)Statis Quo
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Republican Party 1856No More New SlaveryLeave
South Alone

• 1858
• Lincoln Douglas Debates
• (Lincoln Leave Slavery out of New Territory)
• Douglas Wins

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(No Transcript)
58
Show Lincoln DVD
59
Dred Scott DecisionRuled that once a
SlaveAlways a Slave(Fugitive Slave Act)
60
Harpers FerryJohn Brown leads men toArsenal in
Virginia (HF)Steal Weapons and arm
SlavesFoiled, Brown put to DeathFear in
South
61

• John Brown

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Project 2Civil War Diary

• Choose desk to start from and pick characters

63

• Citizen/Soldier in the North (M) 6
• 2. Nurse in the North (Citizen/War) (F) 6
• 3. Citizen/Soldier in the South (M) 6
• 4. Wife of a Slave Owner in the South (F) 6
• 5. A slave in the South (M) 6
• 6. A slave in the South (F) 6
• 7. A Slave Owner in the South (M) 6
• 8. A free Afro-American in the North (M) 4
• 9. A free Afro-American in the North (F) 4
• 10. President Lincoln 1
• 11. Confederate President Jefferson Davis 1
• 12. A European Reporter (M or F) 3
• 13. Older Northern Abolitionist (M or F) 4

64
Entries will include Election of 1860The South
Leaves the UnionBull RunEmancipation
ProclamationAfrican American Admitted as
SoldiersVicksburgGettysburg AddressAppomattox1
3th AmendmentLincolns Death
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As we cover each diary entry you will be given 5
minutes to work on your entry.In the end you
will create a book that will hold all of the
diary entries. Every attempt should be made to
make the book look like it is from the 1860s.
The way you put the book together will be up to
you but it should have a cover and pages. Be
creative!
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Election of 1860

• Lincoln Defeats Douglas and Breckenridge
  (Democrats)

67
Now describe your characters response to the
news the Lincoln has won the Election of
1860.(Give examples)
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(No Transcript)
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December 20, 1860South Carolina Leaves the
UnionOther Southern States follow(see map
next page)Should North let them leave ?
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(No Transcript)
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Mississippi, Florida, Georgia, Alabama,
Louisiana, TexasThe ConfederacyJefferson Davis
(MS) President
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(No Transcript)
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5 Minutes for Diary EntryThe South Leaves the
Union
75
Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina, Tennessee
after Lincoln asks them to serveWest Virginia
Formed (Non-Slave)Maryland, Delaware, Kentucky,
Missouri slave states loyal to Union
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More menMore factoriesRailroadsMore food

• Cotton

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First Battle Bull RunSouth WinsStonewall
JacksonThomas J. Jackson
78
5 Minutes to Write in Diary about the fact that
the war has broken out Bull Run
79

• Citizen/Soldier in the North (M) 6
• 2. Nurse in the North (Citizen/War) (F) 6
• 3. Citizen/Soldier in the South (M) 6
• 4. Wife of a Slave Owner in the South (F) 6
• 5. A slave in the South (M) 6
• 6. A slave in the South (F) 6
• 7. A Slave Owner in the South (M) 6
• 8. A free Afro-American in the North (M) 4
• 9. A free Afro-American in the North (F) 4
• 10. President Lincoln 1
• 11. Confederate President Jefferson Davis 1
• 12. A European Reporter (M or F) 3
• 13. Older Northern Abolitionist (M or F) 4

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Ulysses S. GrantMilitary Commander

• Feb 1862 at Shiloh (TN)
• 25,000 killed
• South Surprise Attack Victory

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Robert E. LeeSouthern Military Commander

• September 1862
• Antietam
• 26,000 Dead
• Bloodiest Single Day in U.S. History
• Show Glory ch 2

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(No Transcript)
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Emancipation ProclamationDeclares all Slaves
in the Confederacy to be FreeJanuary 1, 1863
84
Take 5 Minutes toWrite in your diary concerning
the Emancipation Proclamation
85
Citizen/Soldier in the North (M) 62. Nurse in
the North (Citizen/War) (F) 63. Citizen/Soldier
in the South (M) 64. Wife of a Slave Owner in
the South (F) 6 5. A slave in the South (M) 66.
A slave in the South (F) 67. A Slave Owner in
the South (M) 68. A free Afro-American in the
North (M) 49. A free Afro-American in the North
(F) 410. President Lincoln 111. Confederate
President Jefferson Davis 1 12. A European
Reporter (M or F) 313. Older Northern
Abolitionist (M or F) 4
86
After Emancipation many Africans join the
militaryon the side of the Union

• Show Glory Clip
• Ch. 4 from F. Douglas
• Then Skip to Chapter 5
• Watch Glory 20 points
• On Tuesday October 17th
• 430 p.m. to 630 p.m.

87
Describe how your character feels about Africans
entering the warWould blacks have been called
African Americans in the 1860s?What were the
words usedNegroesNiggersColored Folks
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Describe your charactersreaction to blacks in
the military

• Take 5 minutes

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Citizen/Soldier in the North (M) 62. Nurse in
the North (Citizen/War) (F) 63. Citizen/Soldier
in the South (M) 64. Wife of a Slave Owner in
the South (F) 6 5. A slave in the South (M) 66.
A slave in the South (F) 67. A Slave Owner in
the South (M) 68. A free Afro-American in the
North (M) 49. A free Afro-American in the North
(F) 410. President Lincoln 111. Confederate
President Jefferson Davis 1 12. A European
Reporter (M or F) 313. Older Northern
Abolitionist (M or F) 4
90
Gettysburg and VicksburgJuly 1863

• Read Gettysburg and Vicksburg
• Page 185
• Period 1 Take out books
• Period 5 put them away

91
Describe your characters reaction to Gettysburg
or/andVicksburg battles
92
Citizen/Soldier in the North (M) 62. Nurse in
the North (Citizen/War) (F) 63. Citizen/Soldier
in the South (M) 64. Wife of a Slave Owner in
the South (F) 6 5. A slave in the South (M) 66.
A slave in the South (F) 67. A Slave Owner in
the South (M) 68. A free Afro-American in the
North (M) 49. A free Afro-American in the North
(F) 410. President Lincoln 111. Confederate
President Jefferson Davis 1 12. A European
Reporter (M or F) 313. Older Northern
Abolitionist (M or F) 4
93
Lincoln Issues FamousGettysburg
AddressNovember 19, 1863

• One Nation of Free People
• (Play Johnny Cash)

94
Write your diary entry dealing with the
Gettysburg Address
95
Citizen/Soldier in the North (M) 62. Nurse in
the North (Citizen/War) (F) 63. Citizen/Soldier
in the South (M) 64. Wife of a Slave Owner in
the South (F) 6 5. A slave in the South (M) 66.
A slave in the South (F) 67. A Slave Owner in
the South (M) 68. A free Afro-American in the
North (M) 49. A free Afro-American in the North
(F) 410. President Lincoln 111. Confederate
President Jefferson Davis 1 12. A European
Reporter (M or F) 313. Older Northern
Abolitionist (M or F) 4
96
Shermans March 1864Burns down
the SouthMake em sick of war
97
Election of 1864Lincoln re-elected with
55Votes went up after Shermans March
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(No Transcript)
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AppomattoxSouth losing badJefferson Davis
orders Capital Richmond on fireApril 9,
1865Lee Surrenders to Grant(Appomattox, VA)
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(No Transcript)
101
Write response to Surrender and end of the war
102
Citizen/Soldier in the North (M) 62. Nurse in
the North (Citizen/War) (F) 63. Citizen/Soldier
in the South (M) 64. Wife of a Slave Owner in
the South (F) 6 5. A slave in the South (M) 66.
A slave in the South (F) 67. A Slave Owner in
the South (M) 68. A free Afro-American in the
North (M) 49. A free Afro-American in the North
(F) 410. President Lincoln 111. Confederate
President Jefferson Davis 1 12. A European
Reporter (M or F) 313. Older Northern
Abolitionist (M or F) 4
103
Lincoln proposes 13th AmendmentOutlawed Slavery
in entire U.S.
104
Assassination of Lincoln

• April 14, 1865 (4 days after Appomattox)
• Shot in the Head
• Fords Theater in Washington D.C.
• John Wilkes Booth-Actor
• Read diary entry 191

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106
(No Transcript)
107
LastPhotoof Lincoln
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(No Transcript)
109
(No Transcript)
110
(No Transcript)
111
(No Transcript)
112
Write your response to the death of Lincoln
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1. Citizen/Soldier in the North (M) 62. Nurse
in the North (Citizen/War) (F) 63.
Citizen/Soldier in the South (M) 64. Wife of a
Slave Owner in the South (F) 6 5. A slave in the
South (M) 66. A slave in the South (F) 67. A
Slave Owner in the South (M) 68. A free
Afro-American in the North (M) 49. A free
Afro-American in the North (F) 410. President
Lincoln 111. Confederate President Jefferson
Davis 1 12. A European Reporter (M or F) 313.
Older Northern Abolitionist (M or F) 4
114
13th Amendment to the Constitution Outlaws Slavery
115
Write response tothe fact that war is over and
slavery is gone forever
116
1. Citizen/Soldier in the North (M) 62. Nurse
in the North (Citizen/War) (F) 63.
Citizen/Soldier in the South (M) 64. Wife of a
Slave Owner in the South (F) 6 5. A slave in the
South (M) 66. A slave in the South (F) 67. A
Slave Owner in the South (M) 68. A free
Afro-American in the North (M) 49. A free
Afro-American in the North (F) 410. President
Lincoln 111. Confederate President Jefferson
Davis 1 12. A European Reporter (M or F) 313.
Older Northern Abolitionist (M or F) 4
117
End of Diary
118
Reconstruction
119
Lincolns PlanJohnsons Plan SimilarPardons
except high rankRe-admit with 10
loyalRadical Republicans50 loyalFull
rights to former slaves(Charles Sumner MA)
120
Impeached Johnson Not ConvictedCongress takes
overTurns South into Military Districts14th
Amendment CitizenshipSouth required to allow
African Vote
121
1868Grant Elected President(Republican Black
Vote)15th AmendmentVoting for Africans
122
Essay 2