Models of the Solar System, Gravitation and the Motion of the Planets

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Models of the Solar System, Gravitation and the
Motion of the Planets A.K.ADEAD WHITE GUYS
WEEK!
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Heliocentric Model
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The great scientist Galileo made discoveries that
strongly supported a heliocentric cosmogony
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Galileo - 1564-1642 was -

1. Polish
2. Danish
3. Italian
4. German
5. Greek

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Galileo - 1564-1642 -

1. Probably died a virgin
2. Was a priest and Lawyer
3. Had artificial wooden and silver noses
4. Probably died of Mercury poisoning
5. Rumored to have died when his bladder burst
6. Was blind at the time of his death
7. Was labeled a heretic by the church

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Galileo - 1564-1642 -

1. Probably died a virgin
2. Was a priest and Lawyer
3. Had artificial wooden and silver noses
4. Probably died of Mercury poisoning
5. Rumored to have died when his bladder burst
6. Was blind at the time of his death
7. Was labeled a heretic by the church

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Galileo - 1564-1642 is known for -

1. First observations of the sun
2. First sun centered scientific model of the solar
   system or universe
3. Being the worlds best naked-eye astronomer
4. Creating first a theoretical model to explain
   planetary motions
5. Creating first a theoretical model for explaining
   gravity

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Galileo - 1564-1642 is known for -

1. First observations of the sun
2. First sun centered scientific model of the solar
   system or universe
3. Being the worlds best naked-eye astronomer
4. Creating first a theoretical model to explain
   planetary motions
5. Creating first a theoretical model for explaining
   gravity

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Milky Way

• There are thousands (billions) more stars in the
  Milky Way than are visible to the naked eye.
• Universe is bigger than imagined.

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A Being with Ears
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The Bulge of Saturn

• Saturn is not a sphere.
• Circles and spheres do not dominate the heavens.

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The Moon

• The moon has craters.
• The moon is not a perfect heavenly body.

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Sunspots

• The Sun is not a perfect heavenly body.
• The Sun rotates about its own axis.

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Galileos discoveries of the phases of Venus with
his telescope showed that Venus must orbit the
Sun and strongly supported a heliocentric model

• Venus is clearly smallest when it in the full
  phase and largest when it is in the new phase.
  Then Venus must be very far from Earth when it is
  in the full phase and quite closes to Earth when
  in the new phase which supports the argument
  that Venus is orbiting the Sun not Earth.

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Galileos telescope revealed phases of Venus
which could only occur IF Venus orbits the Sun.
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Galileos telescope revealed phases of Venus
which could only occur IF Venus orbits the Sun.
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Galileos telescope revealed phases of Venus
which could only occur IF Venus orbits the Sun.
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Galileos telescope revealed that Jupiter had
moons which orbited Jupiter instead of Earth.
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IN MEMORY OF GALILEO

• http//brunelleschi.imss.fi.it/genscheda.asp?appl
  SIMxslbiografialinguaENGchiave300251

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Isaac Newton (1642 1727)The Baddest Dead
White Guy of Them All
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Isaac Newton (1642 1727) was -

1. Polish
2. Danish
3. Italian
4. German
5. Greek
6. British

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Isaac Newton (1642 1727) -

1. Probably died a virgin
2. Was a priest and Lawyer
3. Had artificial wooden and silver noses
4. Probably died of Mercury poisoning
5. Rumored to have died when his bladder burst
6. Was blind at the time of his death
7. Was labeled a heretic by the church

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Isaac Newton (1642 1727) -

1. Probably died a virgin
2. Was a priest and Lawyer
3. Had artificial wooden and silver noses
4. Probably died of Mercury poisoning
5. Rumored to have died when his bladder burst
6. Was blind at the time of his death
7. Was labeled a heretic by the church

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Isaac Newton (1642 1727) is known for -

1. First observations of the sun
2. First sun centered scientific model of the solar
   system or universe
3. Being the worlds best naked-eye astronomer
4. Creating first a theoretical model to explain
   planetary motions
5. Creating first theoretical model for explaining
   gravity and ..

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Isaac Newton (1642 1727) is known for -

1. First observations of the sun
2. First sun centered scientific model of the solar
   system or universe
3. Being the worlds best naked-eye astronomer
4. Creating first a theoretical model to explain
   planetary motions
5. Creating first theoretical model for explaining
   gravity and ..

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Isaac Newton formulated three laws of motion and
the law of gravitation these laws describe the
motion of our physical world
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Newtons Three Laws of Motion

• First Law - A body remains at rest or moves in a
  straight line at a constant speed unless acted
  upon by an outside (net) force.
• Second Law - (net) Force mass x acceleration
• Third Law - Whenever one body exerts a force on a
  second body, the second body exerts an equal and
  opposite force on the first body.

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Newtons First Law

• A body remains at rest or moves in a straight
  line at a constant speed unless acted upon by an
  outside (net) force.
• A rockets will coast in space along a straight
  line at constant speed.
• A hokey puck glides across the ice at constant
  speed until it hits something

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Newtons Second Law of Motion

• (net)Force mass x acceleration or Fnet m x a
• Acceleration is the rate of change in velocity
  or how quickly your motion is changing.
• Three accelerators in your car!!

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Newtons Third Law of Motion

• Whenever one body exerts a force on a second
  body, the second body exerts an equal and
  opposite force on the first body.
• Dont need a rocket launch pad!
• The Bug and the Windshield who is having the
  worse day?

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Newtons Law of Gravitation

• Newtons law of gravitation states Two bodies
  attract each other with a force that is directly
  proportional the product of their masses and is
  inversely proportional to the square of the
  distance between them.

What the .? I thought I understood gravity?
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Newtons Law of Gravitation

• To figure out the gravitational force just
  multiply the mass of the two things together then
  divide by the distance they are apart (squared).
  

m1
d
m2
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Newtons Law of Gravitation

• Newtons law of gravitation states Two bodies
  attract each other with a force that is directly
  proportional the product of their masses and is
  inversely proportional to the square of the
  distance between them.

g 10 m/s2 the acceleration of gravity And g
x m is your weight!!
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Newtons Law and Gravitation

• All my favorite Projectiles behave like this!!!

Velocity
Acceleration
Force
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Newtons Laws and Kepler's Laws

• Newtons law of gravitation and his three laws of
  motion prove all of Keplers laws

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Newton's friend Edmund Halley predicted the comet
would return in 1758 and it did!
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Gravity and Newton's Laws Lecture Tutorial
Handout.

• Work with a partner!
• Read the instructions and questions carefully.
• Discuss the concepts and your answers with one
  another.
• Come to a consensus answer you both agree on.
• If you get stuck or are not sure of your answer,
  ask another group.
• If you get really stuck or dont understand what
  the Lecture Tutorial is asking, ask one of us for
  help.

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Gravity and Newton's Laws Ranking Tasks
Handout Practice Problems!!

• These are just for practice for the exam they
  are not homework and are not to be turned in!!!