This Little Piggy Went to Market

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This Little Piggy Went to Market

• Brian J. Payne, DVM
• Carthage Veterinary Service, Ltd.

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This Pig
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Raising the Pig

• Medicine
• Production
• Nutrition
• Construction/Engineering
• Environmental Management
• Employee Management
• Finances and Marketing
• Public Relations
• Communication

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The MarketThe Global Market
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Industry Trends

• Globalization
• Consolidation
• Specialization
• Efficiency
• Technology
• Information/Evidence-Based Medicine and
  Production

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Global Industry

• The U.S. Swine Herd and its producers rely on the
  export market for a large amount of their sales
• Therefore, foreign countries that buy our pork
  are our customers
• As the saying goes, The customers are always
  right

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Global Market

• Japanese Market gt 1billion in exports
• A single animal violation in antibiotic in the
  meat may lead to a severing of this relationship
  for a period of time
• This would lead to drastic decrease in price of
  pork received by U.S. producers
• Japanese MRLs require longer withdrawal periods
  than U.S. Withdrawal Periods

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U.S. vs Japanese Withdrawal Periods
See the Resources Section of the CD for other
Withdrawal Periods
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U.S. Export Market
U.S. Pork Export, Globally
Country Metric Tons Exported to in 2006
Mexico gt356,000
Japan gt337,000
Canada gt138,000
S. Korea gt109,000
China gt88,000
Taiwan gt25,000
Russia is not available. It falls 6th before
Taiwan
USMEF, 2007
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Consolidation
NASS, USDA, 2007
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Consolidation
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Efficiency
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Efficiency an effect of Consolidation (example)
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U.S. Distribution of Hogs
NASS, USDA, 2007
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Technology
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Information and Evidence-Based Medicine and
Production

• Data Collection, Compilation and Monitoring
• Basic and Applied, Lab Bench and Field
• Applied Diagnostics

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Case Study 1
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Case Study 1
December 5th, 2007 Visit
Group ID ----
Start date August 21, 2007
Starting inventory 3334 overstock
Single stock 2437 remained
Pigs remaining 2364
Dead 73
Percent mortality 3.0
Thirty-nine (1.6) pigs have died last week. 34
(1.4), previously
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Site Layout
North
South
Overstocked
Single Stock
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Vaccine Schedule
Vaccine Timing
Fort Dodge Suvaxyn MH1 (2 cc) 24 hours after arrival
Intervet PCV2 vaccine ½ dose (1 ml) 3 days post arrival
Intervet PCV2 vaccine ½ dose (1 ml) 21 days post-1st dose
Fort Dodge Suvaxyn E oral 9 weeks post arrival
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Before Entering the Barns
WATER CONSUMPTION
Date North Side Gallons per 24 hours South Side Gallons per 24 hours
December 4 420 (incomplete day) 153 (incomplete day)
3 687 1471
2 698 1573
1 808 1548
November 30 489 1521
29 470 1500
28 1076 1526
27 1205 1532
26 478 1540
25 439 1573
24 436 1542
23 1841 1504
22 2324 1483
21 2620 1428
20 2258 1485
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Clinical Signs

• There is an increase in acute mortality ranging
  around two to three weeks in duration.
• There are fallout pigs that will become
  sub-standard pigs at market.
• Two pigs that were seen today had skin lesions
  indicative of the PDNS form of circovirus.
• There is diarrhea that is commonly associated
  with circovirus.
• There are swollen legs that are commonly seen
  with circovirus infection.
• There is a respiratory component to this disease
  as well.

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Diarrhea
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Swollen Joints and Legs
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Pigs losing weight
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Skin Lesions
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Clinical Signs

• There is an increase in acute mortality ranging
  around two to three weeks in duration.
• There are fallout pigs that will become
  sub-standard pigs at market.
• Two pigs that were seen today had skin lesions
  indicative of the PDNS form of circovirus.
• There is diarrhea that is commonly associated
  with circovirus.
• There are swollen legs that are commonly seen
  with circovirus infection.
• There is a respiratory component to this disease
  as well.

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Diagnostics

• Histopathology Skin - multifocally the
  superficial epidermal layers are ulcerated and
  also replaced by necrotic debris, neutrophils and
  fibrin. There is moderate to marked perivascular
  inflammation of the vessels in the superficial
  dermis. Spleen - multifocally, vessels are
  undergoing fibrinoid vascular necrosis. Kidney -
  multifocally, glomeruli are undergoing fibrinoid
  vascular necrosis. There is protein in the
  urinary spaces. There is interstitial nephritis
  with lymphocytes. Lymph node - germinal centers
  are replaced by granulomatous inflammation and
  multinucleated giant cells. Lung, jejunum, heart
  and liver - there are no visible lesions.

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Diagnostics, cont.

• Bacteriology There is no significant growth from
  the intestine, lung or lymph node. There is no
  growth from the kidney, liver or skin. There are
  no Salmonella sp. isolated.
• Molecular Diagnostics PCR tests for PRRS virus
  and type 2 circovirus are positive.

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Diagnostic Summary

• Skin, perivasculitis and epidermal necrosis,
  consistent with PDNS.
• Kidney, necrotizing glomerulitis and interstitial
  nephritis, consistent with PDNS.
• Histiocytic and granulomatous lymphadenitis, type
  2 circovirus.
• PRRS virus infection.
• Comments Lesions in the tissues are consistent
  with PDNS and PCVAD

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Is Vaccine Protective?

• PCV2 vaccine is overall very protective
• So why did it not work?

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Actual Vaccination Record
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Improper Vaccination
On Time
6 days late
15 days late
4 days late and 8 days apart
12 days late and 8 days apart
20 days late and 5 days apart
Vaccine Timing Date of Actual Vaccination
Fort Dodge Suvaxyn MH1 (2 cc) 24 hours after arrival 8/22/07 (Group 1) 8/28/07 (Group 2) 9/5/07 (Group 3)
Intervet PCV2 vaccine ½ dose (1 ml) 3 days post arrival 8/28/07 (Group 1) 9/5/07 (Group 2) 9/13/07 (Group 3)
Intervet PCV2 vaccine ½ dose (1 ml) 3 weeks post-1st dose 9/5/07 (Group1) 9/13/07 (Group 2) 9/18/07 (Group 3)
Fort Dodge Suvaxyn E oral 9 weeks post arrival Expected 10.23.07
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Case Study 2
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Case Study 2

• 80-120 pigs
• Lame, stiff, vocalization when arising
• More and more but responsive to Penicillin
• What are your differentials?

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Movies

• Movie Clip 1
• Movie Clip 2

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Jump into the pens and find these 3 pigs
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Diagnosis

• Erysipelas
• Zoonotic
• St. Anthonys Fire
• Skin rash and fever
• Remember, you may be questioned by small animal
  doctors and Pot-Bellied Pigs
• Wean, 30 d and annual

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Case Study 3
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Case Study 3

• Walk Through
• Movie Clip 1
• Movie Clip 2
• Movie Clip 3
• Movie Clip 4
• What Diagnostic Tests do you perform?
• Ear Scrape

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Case Study 3
AASV Picture Gallery
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Case Study 3

• Treatment
• Sow herd was infected
• Ivermectin injectable entire herd
• Permethrin spray the piglets for 30 days

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Feel Free To Contact Me

• Brian J. Payne, DVM
• Carthage Veterinary Service, Ltd.
• Mobile [phone]
• E-mail payne_at_hogvet.com
• Website www.hogvet.com/cvs