Selecting Appropriate nozzles

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Selecting Appropriate nozzles

• Cecil Tharp
• MSU Pesticide Education Program
• Pesticide Education Specialist
• Department of Animal and Range
• Montana State University

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Nozzles Vary According to Application?
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Follow some simple steps when selecting nozzles

• Step 1. Select appropriate type of nozzle
• Step 2. Determine sprayer speed
• Step 3. Determine output (GPA) and droplet size
  from label.
• Step 4. Select appropriate type and sized nozzle
  to deliver
• desired GPA from available charts or use the
  5940
• equation.

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Step 1. Selecting type of nozzle

• Solid Stream Nozzles
• Handgun sprayers (livestock, tree pests, crevice
  treatment)
• Cone Nozzles
• Complete penetration desired
• Spot sprays and some fungicides
• Cluster nozzles or broadjets
• used either without a boom or at the end of booms
• Used in rough terrain.
• Sprays a wide swath with only a few nozzles (from
  5 80).

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Selecting type of Nozzle

• Flood nozzles are often used for applying liquid
  fertilizers or fertilizer-pesticide mixtures or
  for directing herbicide sprays up under plant
  canopies. 15 25 psi
• Flat Fan Nozzles are often used for broadcast
  applications for herbicide, insecticide and
  fungicide applications. Narrow oval spray
  pattern. Most common. Can vary from 15 100
  psi depending on type of flat fan.

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1st generation flat fan Nozzles

• Flat Fan Nozzles
• Pre 80s ?Standard nozzles 30 60 PSI
• 1980s?Extended range nozzles 15 60 PSI
• Extended Range Nozzles (1980s)
• Extended Range (XR )
• 1st two three numbers Spray angles
• 65, 73, 80, and 110
• Last two numbers NOZZLE FLOW RATE
• 0.5 GPM Nozzle labeled with 05.
• What does this mean XR8001SS?

• XR8001SS
• XR Extended Range
• 80 degree spray pattern
• 0.1 gallons per minute
• Stainless steel

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Nozzle Description

• Ex. XR8001SS
• 1st 2 letters are the acronym for type of nozzle
  (Extended Range Flat Fan)
• Last 2 numbers are always GPM .1 GPM
• Numbers remaining determine the width of your
  spray from each nozzle 80 degrees / determines
  height of your sprayer
• Last 2 letters are always material. Stainless
  Steel

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Selecting type of Nozzle

• Nozzle Material Nozzle Life
• Brass (B) Poor
• Nylon Fair
• Stainless Steel (S) Good
• Plastic Good
• Hardened Stainless Steel Excellent

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Selecting the right Nozzles (what material)

• Nozzle Material Nozzle Life
• Brass (B) Poor (inexpensive)
• Nylon Fair
• Stainless Steel (S) Good
• Plastic Fair (breaks down to solvents)
• Hardened Stainless Steel Excellent

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What are some concerns regarding conventional
nozzles

• Surveys indicate 71 of MT certified private
  applicators have sprayed when they knew it was
  too windy.
• Surveys indicate 33 of MT certified private
  applicators caused spray drift damage to adjacent
  crops.

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Low Drift Technologies early 1990s

• Turbo Teejet Nozzle (TT) Flat Fan type/15 90
  psi
• Pressure reducing turbulence chamber.
• Reduce spray drift by 50 compared to XR
• Hypro Guardian Nozzle Flood type/15 115psi
• Pressure reducing turbulence chamber.
• Excellent choice for rate controllers (var.
  pressure)
• Medium to coarse droplets
• Reduce spray drift by 50 compared to XR

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venturi air induction nozzles AI

• Flat fan nozzle
• Internal orifice that regulates flow.
• Air is mixed with spray solution
• Larger droplets
• Droplets shatter on impact
• increasing coverage
• Venturi Design I mid 90s
• High Pressure AI models (40 110 psi)
• Venturi Design II 2000 2005
• Low Pressure AI models (20 70 psi)

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Nozzles-Recommended Use
20-25 PSI
flat spray
chamber
30-40 PSI
40 PSI
IN BETWEEN VENTURI
air induced/venturi
50-80 PSI
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Figure obtained from Dr. Bob Wolf (KSU).
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• Studies and Figure by Dr. Bob
  Wolf, Kansas State University.

Research conducted by Dr. Bob Wolf (Kansas State
University)
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DEMONSTRATION

• XR
• Chamber Designs ex.
• Turbo Teejet
• AI nozzle

http//web.extension.illinois.edu/psep/videos/
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Step 2. Verify your field speed

• Make a test strip to verify MPH
• Distance (feet) x 60 Time (seconds) x 88
• It takes 1 minute to travel 88 feet
• 88 x 60 / 60 seconds x 88 1MPH
• How many mph does that equal?

1 MPH
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Step 3 and 4. Determine flow rate of nozzle

• Your product label often describes the proper GPA
  (gallons per acre) for your sprayer.
• example. 20 GPA is recommended
• Plug in desired field speed.
• Use the 5940 METHOD to find nozzle size

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Selecting the Appropriate Sized Nozzle

• GPM GPA W MPH / 5940
• Lets say you need to spray 20 GPA, you have 30
  spaced nozzles, and you will drive 5 mph.
• GPM 20 GPA 30 5mph / 5940
• 0.505 or 0.5 GPM nozzles needed

Purchase nozzles rated at 0.5 GPM!
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What is your desired droplet size?

• Check your pesticide product label or use droplet
  size according to general guidelines.

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Cross reference recommendation to ASABE color
category
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Some Charts allow users to skip the 5940 equation

• If we are driving 5mph and a desired GPA is 10.
• You wish to deliver medium droplets

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Story problems Use nozzle handouts 1-4

• You have an applicator who wishes to apply a
  contact insecticide to manage grasshoppers. The
  product label requires fine droplets at 20 GPA.
  He will be traveling at 5 mph.
• 1 What nozzle would you recommend?

Extended Range Nozzle XR11003 at 50 psi
2 If the label required coarse droplets and
you had a sensitive crop nearby. What
nozzle would you recommend?
Extended Range Nozzle XR8005 at 20psi Turbo
Teejet Nozzle TT11004 at 30psi Air Induction
Teejet AI11025 at 80psi
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Story problems -- continued

• An applicator who wishes to control noxious weeds
  is using a pesticide labeled for extremely coarse
  droplets at an output of 40 gallons per acre. He
  is flexible with field speed.
• 3 What nozzle and mesh screen would you
  recommend and
• at what speed and pressure?

Air Induction Teejet AI11006 at 30PSI and 4 mph
(50 mesh)? Air Induction Teejet AI11008 at
40PSI and 6 mph (50 mesh) Turbo Teejet TT11008
between 4 and 5 mph at 20 psi (50 mesh)
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Story problems

• An applicator is using air induction nozzles and
  is complaining about the efficacy of the product
  he is using. He is using AI11004 at 40 psi to
  achieve an output of 30 GPA.
• 1 What would you recommend?

1 Applicator could raise his spray pressure.
60PSI at 5 mph or 90PSI at 6 mph 2 Applicator
could change to a variety of different
nozzles example Turbo Tee-Jet or XR
nozzles. 3 Possibly add spray adjuvant for
better coverage
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Questions?