Antibiotics in Milk

1
Antibiotics in Milk

• What are the food safety hazards?
• What are the food quality hazards?
• Are there other hazards?

2
Antibiotics in Milk

• Food Safety Hazards
• Sensitivity and allergic reactions
• Bacterial resistance to antibitiotics
• Food Quality Hazards
• Inhibit bacterial activity in cheese/yoghurt
• Other Hazards
• Image/reputation
• Financial consequences

3
Types of antibiotics

• Dry cow antibiotics
• Used at drying off
• Oil-based/high antibiotic concentration
• Last for approximately 56 days
• Milking cow antibiotics
• Used during lactation
• Water based/low antibiotic concentration
• Last for approximately 3 days

4
Risk of antibiotic contamination of milk
High
High
Fresh calvers Drying off
Low
5
Class Exercise

• How do antibiotics end up in milk bulk tanks?

6
How problem occurs

• Fresh calvers dry cow therapy
• Freshly dried off cows accident
• Other antibiotics foot treatment etc
• Weekend milking change in milkers
• Hired labour
• Dump bucket/dump line
• Poor cow identification

7
Antibiotics in milk- reasons why it happens

• Poor identification 40
• Improper withholding times 23
• Poor separation of cows 19

8
Class Exercise

• What steps can farmers take to prevent residues
  occurring in milk?

9
Preventing antibiotics in milk

• Follow product instructions
• Read the label
• Is it the right medicine
• How is it to be given eg intramuscuar
• What is the correct dose
• How often should the treatment be given
• What is the withdrawal period

10
Clear cow identification

• Must be clear identification system for treated
  cows
• Spray paint udder /legs
• Tape on leg/tail
• Ankle straps

11
Isolation/ Separation

• If practical isolate or separate treated cows
• Run dry cows as a separate group
• Milk treated cow last

12
Class Exercise

• What records are needed for treated cows?

13
Records

• Whiteboard/blackboard
• Explanation of identification system
• Cow number and quarter treated
• Date time of treatment

Legal Requirement to complete Animal Remedies
Register
14
Awareness

• Make sure all milkers are aware of what cows are
  treated by
• Telling
• Writing details on a whiteboard
• Writing a note

Do not assume that other milkers know or
understand how the system works
15
Dump Buckets

• Care with dump buckets/ dump lines
• Ensure bucket is big enough
• Make sure that dumplines are diverted from bulk
  tank.

16
Dry Cows

• Check withdrawal period of antibiotic
• Make sure interval between calving drying off is
  longer than withdrawal period or be sure milk
  is withheld after calving
• Clear long lasting identification mark
• Separate dry cows from milking cows

17
Fresh calvers

• Check treatment details of all freshly calved
  cows
• If a cow calves inside the withdrawal date check
  the date that milk can enter the bulk tank.
• Make sure that all milkers are aware of milk
  re-entry date

18
Withholding Times for Dry Cow Tubes
Product Name Minimum Dry Period Withholding time after calving
Bovaclox DC xtra Bovoclox DC Cepravin Dry Cow Chanamast DC 4C Dry Cow Kloxerate Plus DC Kloxerate DC extra Leo Red Dry Cow Nafpenzal Dry Cow Neobiotic Dry Cow Noroclo x Dry Cow Orbenin Dry Cow Tetradelta DC Osmonds Teat Seal 49 days 45 days 51days 28 days 28 days 45 days 49 days 28 days 28 days 28 days 28 days 28 days 30 days 28 days 96 hours 96 hours 96 hours 96 hours 84 hours 96 hours 96 hours 84 hours 108 hours 96 hours 60 hours 96 hours 84 hours 96 hours
Warning These witholding times may have changed.
Please check actual withdrawal date stated on
product label for above products.
19
Withholding Times for Lactating Cow Tubes
Product Name Withdrawal Period for Milk
Cepramycin MC Chanamast LC Erythrocin Intra Interkan KloxeratePlusMC Lactaclox Leo Yellow MC Mutiject Nafpenzal MC Noroclox QR Orbenin PendicloxLC Synlox LC Terramycin Intra Tetra Delta MC Vetimast 96 hours 72 hours 36 hours 96 hours 72 hours 72 hours 84 hours 72 hours 84 hours 60 hours 84 hours 60 hours 56 hours 72 hours 72 hours 96 hours
Please check actual withdrawal date stated on
product label for above products.
Warning These witholding times may have changed.
20
Antibiotics in milk- reducing the incidence

• Reduce mastitis incidence
• Separate dry cows from milking cows
• Improve identification of treated cows

21
Other Residue Hazards

• Other medicines e.g. fluke doses
• Feed contamination e.g. pesticides
• Moulds Mycotoxins mouldy silage
• Detergents, cleaning agents
• Taint certain feeds, farm disinfectants

22
A Hazard Anaylsis Approach

• Hazard Residues in Milk (Chemical hazard)
• Source Antibiotic
• Critical Control do not let antibiotic milk into
  milk tank
• Procedures/controls withdrawal dates
• cow
  identification
• dump
  buckets/line
• Records Whiteboard, medicine records