Title: Good Morning/Afternoon
1Good Morning/Afternoon
- 10-1-09
- Warm-up
- What is a revolution? Describe the various ways
revolutions can begin. List as many revolutions
that come to mind.
2The Development of Democracy In England
- (Prologue Section 3 P. 17-21)
3King Henry II
- King of England (r. 1154-1189)
- Gifted king, considered one of the great
statesmen of the 12th century
4Jury Trial
- One of King Henry IIs (1154-1189) greatest
achievements - A judge would seek the counsel of 12 male
citizens of the area before deciding guilt or
innocence
5Common Law
- Over time England developed Common Law legal
system it was common to all of England, not just
particular areas - These were established laws, procedures, and
legal codes that came to be universally accepted
(not just up to a king or lord to decide rules
and laws)
6Magna Carta (1215)
7Magna Carta 1215 (Cont)
- King John I fought costly unsuccessful wars with
France - These wars led to raised taxes in England
- Angry English nobles rebelled and forced John to
recognize their political and civil rights
8Magna Carta 1215 (Cont)
- They wrote these demands down and called it the
Magna Carta (Great Charter in Latin)
9Magna Carta to Bill of Rights Comic Strip75
Points
10Good Morning/Afternoon
- 10-2-09
- Warm-up
- Name 2 of King Henry IIs achievements while he
was King of England. - In the 13th century 80 to 90 percent of people
could not read or write. How could you get
important information to your people without
going out to speak at every town?
11Magna Carta 1215 (Cont)
- Guaranteed that English monarchs could not rule
any way they wanted - Guaranteed that English subjects (people) had
rights under the law - Limited the power of the king over all of his
subjects
12- Guaranteed that the law had to operate in an
orderly way that everyone knew about (called Due
Process) - Guaranteed that the English king could not
- rule any way he wanted
- Was a contract between the English King and his
subjects
13Parliament
- Englands national legislature (elected law
makers who discuss, and vote on potential laws
work with the king)
14Parliament (Cont)
- 1295 King Edward I (Johns grandson) wanted to
raise taxes for another war with France - he called together rich nobles and lesser town
leaders to discuss ways to pay for the war - This meeting called Model Parliament
- Parliament limited the monarchs power and gave
English male citizens some way to have
representation in government
15By the mid 1300s Englands Parliament divided
into two houses
- House of Lords
- more powerful group in Parliament
- made of rich nobles and bishops
- House of Commons
- less powerful group
- made up of local town leaders and less wealthy
prominent citizens
16- Complete question 4 on page 21.
- Write a ¾ page letter to King John. In the letter
you need to argue for or against accepting the
Magna Carta. Tell the king the advantages and
disadvantages of agreeing to the demands of the
nobles.
17Divine Right
18Divine Right
- 1600S European kings claimed that God had chosen
them to rule with absolute power over their
subjects - ? These kings argued they were responsible to God
alone, and did not have to answer to the people
19King James I (1566-1625)
20King James I (cont)
- From Scotland
- ?became king of England
- ? James I did not know much about Englands laws,
procedures, and customs He clashed with
Parliament a lot!
21(No Transcript)
22King James I 3 Conflicts
- 1. Church
- Puritans were trying to change Church of England,
to make it less like Catholic Church - As King, James was leader of Church of England
and did not want his religious power limited
23- 2. MONEY
- James wanted more money
- Queen Elizabeth left James a large debt
- James wanted more money for himself and to wage
war
- Parliament refused to raise taxes
- James ignored Parliament and tried to raise taxes
any way
24- 3. COURTS
- James used his own personal courts and judges to
administer justice - He ignored Common Law and Due Process
25Good Morning/Afternoon
9-23-08 Warm-up Whats Up Wednesday
26King Charles I (r. 1625-1649)
27King Charles I (cont)
- Charles became King 1625 when his father James I
died -
- ? Charles asked Parliament for money in 1628
- ? In exchange for the money, Parliament demanded
that King Charles accept the Petition of Right
28Good Morning/Afternoon
- 9-24-08
- Warm-up
- Whats Up Wednesday
29Petition of Right
- Demanded King put an end to taxing with out
Parliaments permission
- Demanded King put an end to housing troops in
citizens homes
- Demanded King put an end to imprisoning citizens
illegally
30King Charles I Big Mistakes!!
- King Charles I signed the document to get the
money, but later ignored the promises - 1629 King Charles dismissed Parliament
- 1640 Scots invade England, Charles forced to
recall Parliament to get money to defend the
country
31English Civil War 1642
Anti-Royalists won They were led by Oliver
Cromwell (King Charles I was Beheaded in 1649)
- Royalists
- (supported English Monarchy)
-
-
- Anti-Royalists (supported English Parliament)
32Commonwealth of England
- ? Established under Oliver Cromwell
- Cromwell ruled England as a dictator
- He wanted to set up religious, social, and
economic reforms - He urged Parliament to put his reforms in place
- Parliament resisted
- 1653 Cromwell dissolved Parliament
- ? Cromwell created a new government called The
- Protectorate He named himself Lord Protector (he
became military dictator of England) He dies
1658 everyone happy!
33The Restoration1659 Cromwells son Richard took
over as Lord Protector
He continued to be unpopular
1660 A new Parliament then decided to restore
the monarchy (have a king again)
34The Restoration (cont)
- ? Parliament invited Charles Stuart (son of
- King Charles I) to come from France and become
- Englands king (King Charles II r. 1660-1685)
- ? This is The Restoration
- ? Under King Charles II Parliament kept the
powers it - gained the previous 2 decades
35Habeas Corpus
36Good Morning/Afternoon
- 9-25-08
- Warm-up
- Homework Check
- 1. Letter to the King/Magna Carta
- 2. Pg. 9, 2-4
- 3. Pg. 16, 1-4
37Glorious Revolution 1689
- ? Charles II dies 1685
- ? his brother King James II takes over as king
(Catholic, believed in Divine Right) - ? The people wanted James daughter Mary to take
over when he died - because she was Protestant (Christian, but
not Catholic) - ?1689 Parliament withdraws support for King James
II and offers the throne to James Protestant
daughter Mary - (Youre Fired!!!)
38Glorious Revolution 1689 (cont)
- ? 1689 Parliament crowns William and Mary
co-rulers of England - ? Turning point in Englands history
- ? Proves that power is now in
- the hands of Parliament,
- not the king!
39Constitutional Monarchy
- ? England was now a Constitutional Monarchy a
kingdom with a - constitution to check the powers of the king
and protect the rights of - the citizens
- ? Powers of the ruler are restricted by a
constitution and the laws of the country - ? Parliament could impose its will on the
monarchs
40English Bill of Rights 1689
- limited the power of the monarch
- protected free speech in Parliament
?Monarch could not raise an army during
peacetime without Parliaments permission
?Cruel and unusual punishment were forbidden
41English Bill of Rights 1689
- Bill of Rights
- a list of freedoms and rights that all
- English citizens were guaranteed to have
- no matter who the leader was
- protected free speech in Parliament
- Monarch could not raise an army during
- peacetime without Parliaments permission
- Monarch forbidden from taxing with out
Parliaments permission
42Englands Legacy
43Conclusion
- This process began with the Magna Carta (1215)
and was fully in place with the Bill of Rights
(1689) - Bill of Rights set an example for American
colonies when they decided to rebel almost 100
years later
44Primary Source, from The Princeby Niccolo
Machiavelli