Title: Rice Stink Bug Management:
1Rice Stink Bug Management
Michael Stout, Bryce Blackman, Jason Hamm
Natalie Hummel
2Life Cycle and Biology
- Adults begin overwintering in October and emerge
from overwintering in March/April - Populations in spring and early summer build up
on alternate grass hosts
Barnyard grass
3Life Cycle and Biology
- Females lay rows of 20-30 eggs
- Laid over 900 in lab tests
- Eggs turn black as they age
4Life Cycle and Biology
- Nymphs hatch in 4-11 days
- Five instars before adulthood
5Life Cycle and Biology
- Adults and nymphs suck fluid from developing
grains
6Economic Importance
- Potential for yield losses
- Feeding introduces fungi that causes peck
- Leads to discoloration and broken kernels
- Reduces grade and overall value of grain
7Current Research Information System
Item No. 1 of 1 ACCESSION NO 0219171 SUBFILE CRIS PROJ NO LAB03993 AGENCY NIFA LA.B PROJ TYPE SPECIAL GRANT PROJ STATUS NEW CONTRACT/GRANT/AGREEMENT NO 2009-34103-20018 PROPOSAL NO 2009-00835 START 01 SEP 2009 TERM 31 AUG 2012 FY 2009 GRANT YR 2009 GRANT AMT 60,898 INVESTIGATOR Stout, M. Hummel, N. Groth, D. Machtmes, K. Bernhardt, J. Tindall, K. Way, M. PERFORMING INSTITUTION Entomology LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY BATON ROUGE, LOUISIANA 70893 REVISING MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS FOR THE RICE STINK BUG IN SOUTHERN RICE
8Survey work Dr. Hummel
9Insecticide used to control rice stink bug in 2009 in Louisiana and Texas Percentage () LA Percentage () TX
Malathion57 EC 29 8
Sevin 80S 0 0
Sevin 4F 0 0
Methyl 4 EC 19 36
KarateZ 67 48
Mustang Max 38 56
Prolex 3 0
Proaxis 0 0
Tenchu 20SG 1 40
Other 0 12
10Components of a RSB management program
- Scouting and population monitoring
- Thresholds for insecticide applications
- Insecticide applications
- Alternative management tactics
11For each component of the RSB management program
- What is the current practice?
- What are the weaknesses of the current practice?
- What are we doing about it?
- What should we be doing about it?
12Components of a RSB Management Program
- Scouting
- Thresholds
- Insecticides
- Alternatives to insecticides
13Scouting / population monitoring
- Begin at 50 75 heading
- Sweep net -- 15 inch diameter
- 180 every step, at least 10 sweeps at 10
locations
14What are the weaknesses of this scouting method?
- Standardization / consistency among samplers
- Labor intensive
- How efficient?
15Using a Sweep Net for Insect Scouting
DescriptionDr. Roger Leonard demonstrates how to effectively use a sweep net in a soybean field for insect scouting. Primary AudienceGeneral Resource Updated5/4/2010 85214 AM
File Type
Using a Sweep Net-Dial-Up WMV
Using a Sweep Net-Broadband WMVTo save, right click on file and select "Save Target As..."
16Number of RSB recaptured
Number of RSB seeded in 20 ft plot
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19Odor Source
Methyl Salicylate
Control
Caryophyllene
Control
Linalool
Control
Limonene
Control
0
100
100
50
50
75
75
25
25
Response
P lt 0.05
20Prospective Technology
- Electronic nose
- Handheld volatile analysis computer
- Tested on stink bugs in cotton
21Components of a RSB Management Program
- Scouting Extension efforts to standardize
sampling methods research on attractants - Thresholds
- Insecticides
- Alternatives to insecticides
22Components of a RSB Management Program
- Scouting Extension efforts to standardize
sampling methods research on attractants - Thresholds
- Insecticides
- Alternatives to insecticides
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24Current Thresholds
- First two weeks of heading 3 bugs per 10 sweeps
(30 per 100) - After first two weeks 10 bugs per 10 sweeps (100
per 100)
25Potential weaknesses of these thresholds
- Origin of thresholds unknown has not been
updated for 25 years to account for new
varieties, etc - Thresholds in TX recently increased
- Growers satisfied with thresholds, but are we
spraying too much? - Thresholds for different varieties, ratoon?
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27RSB Cage Study
- 2010- Four replications
- Cages infested with RSB at 50-75 heading
- Cages removed after 11 days
- Plots sprayed biweekly thereafter until grain
hardening
28RSB Cage Study
- Treatments 0, 1, 2, 5, or 10 stink bugs per 6.67
sq ft cage - Corresponds (roughly) to 0.8, 1.6, 4, and 8 x
threshold
29RSB Cage Study
- 2010-Cage Study Yield (grams)
Rep 1 Rep 2 Rep 3
0 358.14 606.61 446.15
1 392.55 422.85 461.26
2 444.67 555.22 397.53
5 451.06 537.82 437.50
10 472.83 581.68 468.79
30Components of a RSB Management Program
- Scouting Extension efforts to standardize
sampling methods research on attractants - Thresholds Revise thresholds
- Insecticides
- Alternatives to insecticides
31Components of a RSB Management Program
- Scouting Extension efforts to standardize
sampling methods research on attractants - Thresholds Revise thresholds
- Insecticides
- Alternatives to insecticides
32Currently registered insecticides
- Pyrethroids (Karate, Mustang Max, Declare,
Prolex) - Organophosphates (malathion, methyl parathion)
- Sevin (carbaryl)
- Neonicotinoids (dinotefuran Section 18 in
Texas)
33What are the shortcomings of our current arsenal
of insecticides?
- Some options ineffective
- Short residual activities
- Loss of methyl parathion
- Concerns about resistance
34EPA has received requests from the registrants to
voluntarily cancel all product registrations
containing methyl parathion, a restricted use
organophosphate insecticide and acaricide used
primarily on cotton, corn, and rice, as well as
on other agricultural crops. These requests would
terminate the last methyl parathion products
registered for use in the U.S., effective
December 31, 2012. End-use products will not be
sold after August 31, 2013, and end-use products
cannot legally be used after December 31, 2013.
35Location LC50 (µg) 95 CI
LA 2001-2002 0.63 0.47-0.84
TX 2009 1.41 0.09-98.61
Round Mott 3.51
Ganado 2.80
East Bernard 1.05
Beaumont 0.67
AR 2009 0.53 0.27-0.99
LA 2009 0.86 0.61-1.23
MO 2009 0.65 0.34-1.34
36Location LC50 (µg) 95 CI
LA 2001-2002 0.63 0.47-0.84
Arkansas 2010 0.44 0.19-0.96
Amagon 0.20 0.01-1.29
Gus 1st collection 0.19 0.00-0.45
John Bernhardt 0.96 0.15-20.09
Mississippi 2010 0.16 0.10-0.21
Location 1 0.19 0.09-0.27
Location 2 0.14 0.06-0.21
Missouri 2010 0.54 0.20-1.73
Wardell 0.43 0.03-2.60
Lee Farm 0.56 0.43-0.69
Marsh Farm 0.35 0.26-0.44
Louisiana 2010 0.17 0.09-0.29
Texas 2010 0.44 0.15-0.81
Beaumont 0.16 0.10-0.22
Gandado 1.55 0.93-2.25
Kendelton 0.50 N/A
Round Mott 1.79 1.24-2.57
37New alternatives
- Declare, generic pyrethroids
- Tenchu (dinotefuran), Section 18 submitted for
Louisiana 2011 - Other neonicotinoids and pyrethroid/neonic mixes
- Some of these new products expected to have
longer residual activities, but no evidence for
this yet - Tank mixes with fungicides?
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39Components of a RSB Management Program
- Scouting Extension efforts to standardize
sampling methods research on attractants - Thresholds Revise thresholds
- Insecticides Evaluate new insecticides and
cooperate in registration efforts - Alternatives to insecticides
40Components of a RSB Management Program
- Scouting Extension efforts to standardize
sampling methods research on attractants - Thresholds Revise thresholds
- Insecticides Evaluate new insecticides and
cooperate in registration efforts - Alternatives to insecticides
41RSB vs Weed Density
42RSB Variety Tolerance Trials
- 2010- four experiments planted at different
times, each with 4 reps - 1CL 151, 2CL161, 3Cocodrie, 4CL 131
- Top 4 long grain varieties in 2009
- 5Neptune, 6Jupiter (replaced w/ Bengal)
- Medium grain varieties
- 7CLXL723
- Hybrid
- 8Kaybonnet and 9Lagrue
- Displayed tolerance in previous tests
43RSB Variety Tolerance Trials
44Components of a RSB Management Program
- Scouting Extension efforts to standardize
sampling methods research on attractants - Thresholds Revise thresholds
- Insecticides Evaluate new insecticides and
cooperate in registration efforts - Alternatives to insecticides Host-plant
resistance and cultural practices
45Questions and comments What should we be doing?
- Scouting video? New sampling approaches?
- Revise thresholds?
- Evaluation of insecticides?
- Host-plant resistance research? Cultural
practices?
46Author
- Michael Stout
- mstout_at_agcenter.lsu.edu