Major Theorists of Child Development

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Major Theorists of Child Development
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Sigmund Freud

• Childhood experiences affect adult life.

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Maria Montessori

• Children learn through senses
• They need objects to manipulate
• Founder of Montessori schools

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Arnold Gesell

• Developed basic information about sequence and
  rate of child development.

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Jean Piaget

• Children go through 4 stages of learning.

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Erik Erikson

• Personality develops in stages.
• Trust
• Guilt
• Hard work
• Taking care of others

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B.F. Skinner

• Effects of positive and negative reinforcement
• (Rewards and punishments)

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Albert Bandura

• Children learn by modeling.
• Parents and caregivers must provide good examples.

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Robert coles

• Caregivers examples help children in moral
  development.

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Lev Vygotsky

• Children should have many opportunities
  for social interaction to develop intellectually.

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Howard Gardner1943-
Multiple Intelligences Linguistic,
Logical-mathematical, Musical, Bodily-kinesthetic,
Spatial, Interpersonal, Intrapersonal,
Naturalist, Existential, Moral
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Urie Bronfenbrenner
Environmentalist Theory Microsystem-daily
environment of child Mesosystem-connections
between home school Exosystem-outside
environment-parent workplace Macrosystem-larger
environment such as country
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Lawrence Kolhberg(3rd from left)

• 3 levels of moral development
• Child follows rules because of authority figure.
• Adult abides rules because society expects it.
• Adults make moral choices because they care about
  others-some never reach this level!

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• THE END